make-12.html

unix make 文档

<span lang="EN-US">
<a style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; text-underline: single" href="make-06.html#_gnu_make_6.3">
6.3 <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312">变量的高级用法</span></a> </span>
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一节。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">GNU 
make</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">中，这个功能是在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">SunOS 
4</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">实现之前由函数“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">patsubst</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">”提供。同一功能的两种实现，在两个版本的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">make</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">中，难以确定是哪一个最早提出这个概念。</span></p>
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&Oslash;<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
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命令行之前使用“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">+</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">”字符，它有特殊的含义（参考</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">
<span lang="EN-US">
<a style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; text-underline: single" href="make-09.html#_gnu_make_9.3">
9.3 <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312">替代命令的执行</span></a> </span>
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一节）。这种做法是由</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">IEEE 
Standard 1003.2-1992 (POSIX.2)</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">定义的。</span></p>
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&Oslash;<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
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变量值追加“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">+=</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">”的语法来自于</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">SunOS 
4 </span>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">
版本的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">make</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">。参考</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">
<span lang="EN-US">
<a style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; text-underline: single" href="make-06.html#_gnu_make_6.6">
6.6 <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312">追加变量值</span></a> </span>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">
一节</span></p>
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&Oslash;<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">
静态库成员列表作为目标的语法“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">ARCHIVE(MEM1 
MEM2...)</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">”源自</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">SunOS 
4 make</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">。参考</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">
<span lang="EN-US">
<a style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; text-underline: single" href="make-11.html#_gnu_make_11.1">
11.1 <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312">库成员作为目标</span></a> </span>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">
一节</span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings; color: black">
&Oslash;<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">
使用“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">-include</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">”包括多个其它的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">makefile</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">文件，当所包含的文件不存在时不出错。这个特征源自</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">SunOS 
4 </span>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">
版本的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">make</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">。（但</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">SunOS 
4</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">版本的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">make</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">不能使用单指示符同时包含多个文件）</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">
</span>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">
。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">GNU 
make</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">的这个特征和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">SGI 
make </span>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">
的指示符“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">sinclude</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">”相同。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">GNU 
make</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">也支持“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">sinclude</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">”。</span></p>
<h2><a name="_gnu_make_12.3"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14.0pt">12.3<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14.0pt">GNU make</span><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312">自身的特点</span></a></h2>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">
以下特点是由</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">GNU 
make</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">本身的：</span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings; color: black">
&Oslash;<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">
命令行选项“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">-v</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">”或“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">--version</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">”打印</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">make</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">的版本和版权信息。</span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings; color: black">
&Oslash;<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">
使用“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">-h</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">”或“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">--help</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">”列出</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">make</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">支持的所有命令行选项。</span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings; color: black">
&Oslash;<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">
直接展开式变量。参考</span><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Arial; color: black">
<span lang="EN-US">
<a style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; text-underline: single" href="make-06.html#_gnu_make_6.3">
6.2 <span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 楷体_GB2312">两种变量定义</span></a> </span>
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<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; color: black">
一节</span></p>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: Wingdings; color: black">
&Oslash;<span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;