c语言基础(10-字符数据类型和字符串).htm

语言基础(初学都必修)包括数据类型、运算符与表达式,运算符和表达式,逻辑运算符和逻辑表达式,C语言中的关键字,定义宏和使用宏定义,数据类型转换

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      <P align=center>C语言基础(10-字符数据类型和字符串)　</P></td>
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      <P align=center>作者：dd&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;教程来源：C语言之家&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;点击数：209&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;更新时间：2006-6-6 <A title=收藏的网页将被永久地保存到新浪ViVi收藏夹http://vivi.sina.com.cn href="javascript:d=document;t=d.selection?(d.selection.type!='None'?d.selection.createRange().text:''):(d.getSelection?d.getSelection():'');void(vivi=window.open('http://vivi.sina.com.cn/collect/icollect.php?pid=2008&title='+escape(d.title)+'&url='+escape(d.location.href)+'&desc='+escape(t),'vivi','scrollbars=no,width=480,height=480,left=75,top=20,status=no,resizable=yes'));vivi.focus();"><IMG src="/images/vivi_coop1.gif" align=absMiddle border=0></A>　</P></td>
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				<p align="left"><P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">实型数在内存中的存放</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">――参见</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>P46</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。因为实型数在内存中的存放形式比较复杂，它是按指数形式存于内存的。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>3</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">部分：符号；小数部分；指数部分。这一部分的知识要求有个了解就可以了，不必深究。</SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">基本数据类型共有五种</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>char</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>int</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>float</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>double</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US>void </SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN lang=EN-US>&nbsp;<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">各种数据类型（包括使用类型修饰符）的特点如下：</SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="COLOR: white; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">类　型</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: white"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 85.2pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=114>
<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="COLOR: white; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">宽　度</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: white"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 135.65pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=181>
<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="COLOR: white; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">表示数的范围</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: white"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 81pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=108>
<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="COLOR: white; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">说　明</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: white"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="COLOR: white; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">备　注</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: white"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: white">char<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: white">8<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: white">-129~127<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 81pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=108>
<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="COLOR: white; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">字符型</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: white"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 3cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" vAlign=top width=113>
<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="COLOR: white; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">基本数据类型</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: white"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: white">unsigned<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: white">8<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: white">0~255<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN style="COLOR: white; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">无符号型</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: white"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center>&nbsp;<SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: white"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: white">signed char<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align=center><SPAN lang=EN-US style="COLOR: white">8<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>