📄 ch03.htm
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<LI>Press the Activate button on the Application toolbar. The
value in the Status field changes to <TT>Act.</TT> and the message<TT>
</TT>"was activated" appears in the status bar.
<LI>Press the Back button. You are returned to the Dictionary:
Initial Screen.
</OL>
<P>
<CENTER>
<TABLE BORDER=1>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=180><CENTER><B>Trouble</B></CENTER></TD><TD WIDTH=198><CENTER><B>Possible Symptoms</B></CENTER>
</TD><TD WIDTH=198><CENTER><B>Solution</B></CENTER></TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=180>Can't create data element</TD><TD WIDTH=198>When you press the Create button, nothing happens.
</TD><TD WIDTH=198>Look at the status bar in the bottom of the window and press the button again. It is likely that you will see a message there.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=180> </TD><TD WIDTH=198>When you press the Create button, you see the message "System change option does not allow changes to SAP objects."
</TD><TD WIDTH=198>Change the data element name to start with y or z.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=180> </TD><TD WIDTH=198>When you press the Create button, you see the message "Enter access key."
</TD><TD WIDTH=198>Change the data element name to start with y or z.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=180> </TD><TD WIDTH=198>When you press the Create button, you see the message "You are not authorized to make changes."
</TD><TD WIDTH=198>Request development authorization from your security administrator.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=180> </TD><TD WIDTH=198>When you press the Create button, you see the message "already exists."
</TD><TD WIDTH=198>The name you entered already exists in the Data Dictionary. Choose a different domain name.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=180>Can't activate data element</TD><TD WIDTH=198>Seeing message "No active domain exists with name."
</TD><TD WIDTH=198>Go to the Dictionary: Change Data Element screen and double-click on the domain name.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=180> </TD><TD WIDTH=198>Either the domain name you entered on the previous screen does not exist or is not active.
</TD><TD WIDTH=198>You will then see either a dialog box or the Dictionary: Display Domain screen.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=180> </TD><TD WIDTH=198> </TD><TD WIDTH=198>If you see a dialog box with the title Create Domain, the domain does not exist. Check the name carefully. Did you enter the wrong name? It might be a good idea to open a new session and display the objects you created so far using the Object Browser. (In Day 2, see the section "Finding Your Development Objects.")
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=180> </TD><TD WIDTH=198> </TD><TD WIDTH=198>If, after double-clicking, you see the Dictionary: Display Domain screen, look at the Status field on that screen. Is the status New? If so, the domain needs to be activated. Press the Activate button and then press the Back button to return to the data element and try again to activate it.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=180>Getting message</TD><TD WIDTH=198>"Maintain field label."
</TD><TD WIDTH=198>Enter short, medium, and long field labels and then activate.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=180> </TD><TD WIDTH=198>"W: Length was increased to the actual text length."
</TD><TD WIDTH=198>The header text you entered was longer than the field length.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=180> </TD><TD WIDTH=198> </TD><TD WIDTH=198>This is not a serious error. To bypass it, just press Enter and then activate.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=180>Can't enter field labels.</TD><TD WIDTH=198>Input fields are missing from the screen.
</TD><TD WIDTH=198>Tickmark the Maintain Field Labels check box and press Enter.
</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
</CENTER>
<P>
<H3><A NAME="DiscoveringTransparentTables">
Discovering Transparent Tables</A></H3>
<P>
Figure 3.9 shows the screen used to create a transparent table.
Here you specify the short text, delivery class, field names,
a data element name for each field, and select the primary key
fields. The following sections explain these items in more detail.
<P>
<A HREF="javascript:popUp('f3-9.gif')"><B>Figure 3.9 : </B><I>The Dictionary: Table/ Structure: Change
Fields screen enables short text, attributes, and field names
to be entered</I>.</A>
<H4>Short Text Field</H4>
<P>
The Short Text field is used for the same purposes as the domain
Short Text fields. The end user will not see this description
anywhere, but the developer will see it when bringing up a list
of tables.
<H4>Delivery Class Field</H4>
<P>
The value in the Delivery Class field identifies the "owner"
of the data in this table. The owner is responsible for maintaining
the table contents. In customer tables, you always enter an <TT>A</TT>
here, which indicates that the table contains application data
owned by the customer only. Other values entered in the field
are useful only to SAP, and indicate that either SAP owns the
data or both SAP and the customer jointly own the data.<P>
<CENTER>
<TABLE BORDERCOLOR=#000000 BORDER=1>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=600><B>TIP</B></TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=600>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
For a complete list of valid values and their meanings, put your cursor on the Delivery Class field and press F1.</BLOCKQUOTE>
</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
</CENTER>
<P>
<H4>Tab.Maint.Allowed Field</H4>
<P>
Tickmarking the Tab.Maint.Allowed check box causes the menu path
Utilities->Create Entries to be enabled. After activating the
table and choosing this menu path, the Table Insert screen is
displayed, enabling you to enter data into your table. It is useful
for testing and for manual entry of small amounts of data. If
the Tab.Maint.Allowed check box is blank, the menu path Utilities->Create
Entries will be grayed out.
<H4>Field Name Column</H4>
<P>
In the lower half of the screen you can enter field names in the
Field Name column. The primary key fields must appear first in
this list and must be indicated by a tickmark in the Key column.
A data element name must be entered to the right of each field
name. After filling in the field names, press the Next page button
on the Standard toolbar if you want to enter additional fields.
<H4>Creating a Transparent Table Using Preexisting Domains and
Data Elements</H4>
<P>
In this section, you learn the bottom-up approach to creating
a transparent table.
<P>
<img src="../button/screencam.gif" tppabs="http://ebooks.cs.biu.ac.il/0672312174/button/screencam.gif">
<P>
Start the ScreenCam "How to Create a Transparent Table Using
Preexisting Domains and Data Elements" now.
<P>
Perform this procedure to create the -<TT>lfa1</TT>
table. In this procedure, we will create the table, but will only
include the first three fields (<TT>mandt</TT>, -<TT>lifnr</TT>
and -<TT>name1</TT>) in it. Later
on, we will add the remaining fields using the top-down approach.
<P>
Help with common problems is given in the Troubleshooter that
follows this procedure. If you have trouble with any one of the
steps, don't forget to consult the Troubleshooter.
<OL>
<LI>Begin at the Dictionary: Initial Screen (To get there from
the SAP main menu, use the menu path Tools->ABAP/4 Workbench,
Development->ABAP/4 Dictionary).
<LI>Type the table name -<TT><B>lfa1</B></TT><B>
</B>in the Object Name field.
<LI>Choose the Tables radio button.
<LI>Press the Create pushbutton. This takes you to the Dictionary:
Table/Structure: Change Fields screen.
<LI>Enter short text describing the table.
<LI>Type an <TT><B>A</B></TT>
in the Delivery Class field.
<LI>Tickmark the Tab.Maint.Allowed. check box.
<LI>In the Field Name column, enter the name of the first field
of the table.
<LI>Tickmark the Key column if it forms part of the primary key.
<LI>Enter the name of a data element in the Data Elem. column.
<LI>Press the Enter key.
<LI>Look at the status bar. If you see the message "Data
element is not active," the data element either does not
exist or has not been activated. These are the possible reasons
why you might see this message:
<UL>
<LI>It has not been created.
<LI>A misspelling occurred when you created the data element.
<LI>The data element name is misspelled on the current screen.
<LI>The data element exists and the name is spelled correctly,
but it is not active.
</UL>
<LI> Check the name carefully. If the spelling is correct, double-click
on it. If a data element of that name doesn't exist, you will
see a dialog box titled Create Data Element. If the data element
does exist, the data element itself will be displayed.
<LI> If you are now looking at the data element, notice the value
in the Status field. The Status field must contain <TT>Act.</TT>
to indicate that it is active. If it does not, press the Activate
button and verify the status is now <TT>Act.</TT> (If it will
not activate, turn to the Troubleshooter associated with the procedure
for creating data elements.) Once the data element has been activated,
press the Back button to return to the Dictionary: Table/Structure:
Change Fields screen.
<LI>START=13
<LI>Repeat steps 8 though 12 for each of the remaining fields
in the table (-<TT>lifnr</TT> and
-<TT>name1</TT>).
<LI>Press the Save button on the Standard toolbar. You will then
see the Create Object Catalog Entry screen.
<LI>Press the Local Object button. You are then returned to the
Dictionary: Table/Structure: Change Fields screen.
<LI>Press the Technical Settings button on the Application toolbar.
The ABAP/4 Dictionary: Maintain Technical Settings screen is displayed.
<LI>In the Data Class field, enter <TT><B>APPL0</B></TT>
(<TT>APPL0</TT> with a <I>zero</I>, not with the letter <I>O</I>).
<LI>Enter <TT><B>0</B></TT> (zero)
in the Size Category field.
<LI>Press the Save button.
<LI>Press the Back button. You are returned to the Dictionary:
Table/Structure: Change Fields screen.
<LI>Press the Activate button on the Application toolbar. If the
activation was successful, the message "was activated"
appears in the status bar and the Status field contains the value
<TT>Act.</TT>
<LI>Press the Back button to return to the Dictionary: Initial
Screen.
</OL>
<P>
<CENTER>
<TABLE BORDER=1>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150><CENTER><B>Trouble</B></CENTER></TD><TD WIDTH=213><CENTER><B>Possible Symptoms</B></CENTER>
</TD><TD WIDTH=213><CENTER><B>Solution</B></CENTER></TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150>Can't create table</TD><TD WIDTH=213>When you press the Create button, nothing happens.
</TD><TD WIDTH=213>Look at the status bar in the bottom of the window and press the button again. It is likely that you will see a message there.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150> </TD>
<TD WIDTH=213>When you press the Create button, you see the message "Enter access key."
</TD><TD WIDTH=213>Change the table name to start with <I>y </I>o<I>z.</I>
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150> </TD><TD WIDTH=213>When you press the Create button, you see the message "System change option does not allow changes to SAP objects."
</TD><TD WIDTH=213>Change the table name to start with <I>y </I>or <I>z.</I>
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150> </TD><TD WIDTH=213>When you press the Create button, you see the message "You are not authorized to make changes."
</TD><TD WIDTH=213>Request development authorization from your security administrator.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150> </TD><TD WIDTH=213>When you press the Create button, you see the message "already exists."
</TD><TD WIDTH=213>The name you entered already exists in the Data Dictionary. Choose a different domain name.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150>Can't activate table
</TD><TD WIDTH=213>Seeing message "E-Field (Data element or domain is not active or does not exist)."
</TD><TD WIDTH=213>Go back one screen to the Dictionary: Table/Structure: Change Fields screen. Double-click on the data element name. You will see either a dialog box or the data element itself.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150> </TD><TD WIDTH=213> </TD><TD WIDTH=213>If you see a dialog box with the title Create Data Element, the data element does not exist. Check the name carefully. Did you enter the wrong name? It might be a good idea to open a new session and display the objects you have created so far using the Object Browser. (In Day 2, see the section "Finding Your Development Objects.")
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150> </TD><TD WIDTH=213> </TD><TD WIDTH=213>If you can display the data element, look at the Status field. Is the status <TT>New</TT>? If not, the data element needs to be activated. Press the Activate button and then press the Back button to return to the table.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150>Seeing screen ABAP/4 Dictionary: Maintain Technical Settings
</TD><TD WIDTH=213> </TD>
<TD WIDTH=213>The technical attributes were either not entered or not saved. Enter the technical attributes now, press the Save button, and then press Back.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150>Messages displayed in red
</TD><TD WIDTH=213>"E- Field (Data element or domain is not active or does not exist)."
</TD><TD WIDTH=213>See Can't activate table, above.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150> </TD><TD WIDTH=213>"E- Entry in table TAORA missing."
</TD><TD WIDTH=213>Look further down for a message (in red) about the Data Class or Size category.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150> </TD>
<TD WIDTH=213>"E- Error in code generation for creating table in the DB" "E- Table (Statements could not be generated)."
</TD><TD WIDTH=213>Look further down for a message (in red) about the Data Class or Size category.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150> </TD><TD WIDTH=213> </TD><TD WIDTH=213>Look further down for a message (in red) about the Data Class or Size category.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150> </TD>
<TD WIDTH=213>"E- Field Size category (Value not permitted)."
</TD><TD WIDTH=213>You entered an invalid value in the Size Category field of the technical settings. Press Back and then press Technical Settings, and change the Size Category to <TT>0 </TT>(zero).
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150> </TD>
<TD WIDTH=213>"E- Field Data class (Value not permitted)."
</TD><TD WIDTH=213>You entered an invalid value in the Data Class field of the technical settings. Press Back and then press Technical settings, and change the Data Class to <TT>APPL0 </TT>(use a zero at the end of APPL).
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150> </TD>
<TD WIDTH=213>"E- Key is already defined; field cannot be in the key."
</TD><TD WIDTH=213>The primary key fields are not adjacent to each other. Press Back and make sure your primary key fields are all at the beginning of the table with no intervening non-key fields. (All of the tickmarks in the Key column must be together at the beginning of the table.)
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150>Seeing dialog box titled Adjust Table with the text <TT>Table must be adjusted in the database</TT>.
</TD><TD WIDTH=213>Table needs to be converted.
</TD><TD WIDTH=213>You changed the table and now a table conversion must be done to complete the activation. Choose a processing type of Online and press the Adjust button.
</TD></TR>
<TR VALIGN=TOP><TD WIDTH=150>Seeing message at bottom of screen "Initial value not permitted as the field name" or: can't scroll up or: can't see fields you entered.
</TD><TD WIDTH=213> </TD>
<TD WIDTH=213>You tried to remove a field by blanking it out. You can't do that; you must delete fields using the Cut button on Application toolbar. Press Cut until you see the message &quo⌨️ 快捷键说明
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