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Project Name: GRUB for DOS
项目名称:dos下的grub
Definition: A GRUB build for DOS with extensions for disk drive emulation.
定义:在dos下运行的grub,具有磁盘仿真的扩展
Current Version: 0.4.1
最新的版本:0.4.1
Author: Tinybit(tinybit@tom.com)
作者: 不点(tinybit@tom.com)
File Format: DOS EXE executable
文件格式: dos的可执行exe文件
Purpose: Launch GRUB boot loader from within DOS
目的: 在dos下运行grub引导程序
Circumstanced Use: in CONFIG.SYS or AUTOEXEC.BAT
使用环境: 在 CONFIG.SYS 或 AUTOEXEC.BAT文件中
Ability: Boot any installed operating system on your PC
能力: 启动你的电脑中所安装的任何操作系统
Limitations: GRUB.EXE only runs in real mode DOS. It cannot run from a DOS
BOX inside Windows. Besides, GRUB cannot run if EMM386.EXE in
CONFIG.SYS line is loaded. Similarly it does not run if some
TSR programs is running.
限制: GRUB.EXE 只运行于实模式的dos中。它不能运行于windows里面的dos窗口。
此外,如果在CONFIG.SYS文件中加载了EMM386.EXE,grub就不能运行。
同样的情况,如果一些tsr程序在运行,它也不能运行。
Currently runs on MS-DOS 3.30, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 6.20. 6.21, 6.22,
7.0(Win95), 7.10(Win98), 8.0(WinME/NT/2000/XP), and
FreeDOS(build 2029 and hopefully more future builds).
现在运行在 MS-DOS 3.30, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 6.20. 6.21, 6.22,
7.0(Win95), 7.10(Win98), 8.0(WinME/NT/2000/XP), 及
FreeDOS(2029版本,也可能支持其后续版本).
Currently could not return to DOS after GRUB.EXE was started.
现在在grub.exe启动后不能返回dos.
Copyright(C): Tinybit(tinybit@163.net)
版权(注册): 不点(tinybit@163.net)
License: GNU GPL(see file COPYING)
许可证: GNU通用许可证(请参考文件COPYING)
source available as diff patches to the GNU GRUB release.
See the shell script COMPILE for more info.
源文件以GNU GRUB发布的diff补丁的方式提供。
详细情况请参考shell脚本文件COMPILE.
WARRANTY: NO WARRANTY(see file COPYING)
保证: 没有保证(请参考文件COPYING)
TO DO: Build for running on other DOS versions.
计划完成: 使它能够运行在其它版本dos下
Usage:
使用方法:
GRUB [ --config-file=FILE ]
这里的FILE,例如,可以是(hd0,0)/boot/grub/menu.lst
The FILE, for example, can be (hd0,0)/boot/grub/menu.lst
在CONFIG.SYS,命令行如下:
In CONFIG.SYS, the line looks like:
install=c:\some\where\grub.exe --config-file=FILE
如果没有提供选项,GRUB.EXE 简单地使用如下文件
If no options present, GRUB.EXE simply uses
(hd0,0)/boot/grub/menu.lst
作为配置文件,只要这个文件存在。
as the configure file, if it exists.
分区 (hd0,0)可以是Windows 分区或者是Linux分区
The partition (hd0,0) can be a Windows partition or a Linux
或者是GRUB所支持的其它任何的分区
partition, or any other partition type supported by GRUB.
更新:FILE 可以是菜单的内容。使用分号来分格开嵌入FILE的命令。
Update: FILE can be the contents of a menu. Use semi-colon
to delimitate the embedded commands here in FILE. The FIL
FILE可以放入一对双引号,例如:
can be enclosed with a pair of double-quotes. For example:
GRUB --config-file="root (hd0,0);chainloader +1"
这个命令将引导(hd0,0)分区中的系统
This command will boot the system in (hd0,0).
另一个例子
Another example:
GRUB --config-file="reboot"
这个命令将重新启动计算机。
This command will reboot the machine.
另一个例子:
One more example:
GRUB --config-file="halt"
这个命令将停止计算机。
This command will halt the machine.
--------------------------------------------------------
FTP site: (temporarily) ftp://ftp.linuxeden.com/tinybit/
FTP站点: (临时的) ftp://ftp.linuxeden.com/tinybit/
Web site: http://grub4dos.freespaces.com/
环球网站点: http://grub4dos.freespaces.com/
Web site: http://grub4dos.freespaces.com/
环球网站点: http://grub4dos.freespaces.com/
Web site: http://newdos.yginfo.net/grubdos.htm (Thanks to Wengier)
环球网站点: http://newdos.yginfo.net/grubdos.htm (感谢Wengier)
Web site: http://grub4dos.sourceforge.net/ (WinGRUB by bean123)
环球网站点: http://grub4dos.sourceforge.net/ (bean123开发的WinGRUB)
Web site: http://grub.linuxeden.com/ (scratchpad, mainly in Chinese)
环球网站点: http://grub.linuxeden.com/ (便签簿, 站点主要使用中文)
Update 1: Version 0.2.0 also brings out a new thing, GRUB for NTLDR,
which could be used to boot into GRUB from the boot menu
of Windows NT/2000/XP. Copy GRLDR to the root directory of
drive C: of Windows NT/2000/XP and append to C:\BOOT.INI
this line:
更新1: 版本0.2.0带来了一个新功能。针对NTLDR的GRUB,
它能够从Windows NT/2000/XP的引导菜单引导进入GRUB。
复制GRLDR 到Windows NT/2000/XP的C:根目录,并且在 C:\BOOT.INI
文件中加入如下一行:
C:\GRLDR="Start GRUB"
That will be done. The GRLDR should be in the same directory
as BOOT.INI and NTLDR. Even if the drive letter of this disk
has been changed to other than C by Windows device manager,
it seems you still have to use the letter C here in BOOT.INI,
otherwise, NTLDR might fail to locate the GRLDR file. Besides,
the filename GRLDR in the root directory must be unchanged. If
the partition type is NTFS, you should also place the same
copy of GRLDR and menu.lst in the root directory of an
FAT12/16/32 partition according to the following NOTICE.
这样就完成了。GRLDR 应与BOOT.INI 和 NTLDR位于相同的目录。
即使本磁盘的符号已经被Windows设备管理器更改为C以外的符号,
好象是你仍必须在BOOT.INI中使用符号C,否则 NTLDR 将看不到
GRLDR文件。此外,置于根目录的GRLDR文件名不可以被改变。
根据如下通告,如果分区类型是NTFS,你应也放置GRLDR 和menu.lst
到一个FAT12/16/32 分区的根目录。
注意!
Notice! In the future, we will remove NTFS support. For Windows users,
please create an FAT partition and place GRLDR and menu.lst
there. From now on, please don't report bugs relevant to NTFS.
以后,我们将除去NTFS支持。对于Windows用户,
请创建FAR分区并且在那里放置 GRLDR 和 menu.lst。
从现在开始,请不要报告有关NTFS的程序缺陷。
Someone reports that Windows XP with newer SPs and Windows
Vista have intentionally broken the compatiblity with many
things(including GRLDR). So you will get into trouble with
these systems.
有人报告说 新升级的Windows XP 及 Windows Vista
故意去掉与很多东西的兼容性(包括GRLDR),所以你在使用这些系统时
将遇到麻烦。
Update 2: GRUB for Linux is also introduced along with 0.2.0. You can
boot grub using a linux loader KEXEC, LILO, SYSLINUX or another
GRUB. (GRUB4LIN has merged into GRUB.EXE)
更新2: Linux下的GRUB也引进了 0.2.0。你可以
使用linux引导程序KEXEC,LILO,SYSLINUX或者另外一个GRUB来引导grub。
(GRUB4LIN已经合并到了GRUB.EXE中。)
To boot GRUB off Linux, use this pair of commands:
要从Linux启动到GRUB,使用如下一对命令:
kexec -l grub.exe
kexec -e
To boot GRUB via GRUB, use commands like the following:
要通过GRUB引导GRUB,使用如下的命令:
kernel (hd0,0)/grub.exe
boot
To boot GRUB via LILO, use these lines in lilo.conf:
要通过LILO引导GRUB,在lilo.conf中加入这些行:
image=/boot/grub.exe
label=grub.exe
To boot GRUB via SYSLINUX, use these lines in syslinux.cfg:
要通过SYSLINUX引导GRUB,在syslinux.cfg中加入这些行:
label grub.exe
kernel grub.exe
LOADLIN may encounter problems when loading grub.exe, because
grub.exe requires some unchanged original BIOS interrupt
vectors, but DOS has destroyed them, and loadlin does not
recover them before it transfers control to grub.exe.
LOADLIN在引导GRUB.EXE时可能会遇到问题,原因是
grub.exe要求未受改变的原来的BIOS中断向量,
但是DOS破坏了这些中断向量,并且loadlin在将控制权交给grub.exe前
没有将他们恢复。
Update 3: Beginning at version 0.4.0, GRUB for DOS supports memdrives.
Example:
更新3: 从版本0.4.0开始,dos下的GRUB支持内存驱动器。
例如:
# boot into a floppy image
# 引导进入一个软盘映像
map --mem (hd0,0)/floppy.img (fd0)
map --hook
chainloader (fd0)+1
rootnoverify (fd0)
map --floppies=1
boot
Because the image will be copied to a memory area, the image
itself can be non-contiguous and even gzipped.
由于此映像将被拷贝到一个内存区域,此映像本身可以是非连续的,
甚至可以是被压缩的。
Another Example:
另一个例子:
map --mem=-2880 (hd0,0)/floppy.img (fd0)
This memdrive (fd0) will occupy at least 1440 KB of memory.
This is useful when the size of a 1.44M-floppy image is less
than 1440 KB.
此内存驱动器(fd0)将占用至少1440千字节的内存。
如果1.44M软盘映像少于1440千字节,将用到此参数。
One more example:
另一个例子:
map --mem --read-only (hd0,0)/hd.img (hd1)
This memdrive is a hard drive, and read-only. That means you
will not be able to write data to the memdrive (hd1).
此内存驱动器是一个只读的硬盘。这意味着你将不能将数据写到
内存驱动器(hd1)中。
You can use many memdrives and many ordinary virtual emulated
disk-based drives at the same time.
你可以同时使用很多内存驱动器和很多的普通的虚拟的基于磁盘的驱动器。
If the BIOS does not support int15/EAX=e820h, you will not be
able to use any memdrives.
如果BIOS不支持中断int15/EAX=e820h,你将不能使用任何内存驱动器。
Update 4: For memdrive emulation, a single-partition image can be used
instead of a whole-harddrive image. Example:
更新4: 对于内存驱动器,可以使用一个单一分区的映像
代替一个单一硬盘映像。例子:
map --mem (hd0,7)/win98.img (hd0)
map --hook
chainloader (hd0)+1
rootnoverify (hd0)
map --harddrives=1
boot
Here win98.img is a partition image without the leading MBR
and partition table in it. Surely GRUB for DOS will build a
MBR and partition table for the memdrive (hd0).
这里win98.img是一个分区映像,前头没有MBR和分区表。当然dos下的GRUB
将会为内存驱动器 (hd0)建立一个MBR和分区表。
Update 5: Now GRLDR can be used as a no-emulation-mode bootable CD-ROM
boot image. Example for Linux users:
更新5: 新的GRLDR可以用作 非仿真模式 可引导 只读光盘的引导映像。
例如,linux用户可以使用如下命令:
mkdir iso_root
cp grldr iso_root
mkisofs -R -b grldr -no-emul-boot -boot-load-seg 0x1000 -o bootable.iso iso_root
Update 6: The Chinese special build is in the "chinese" subdirectory.
(patched by Gandalf, 2005-06-27)
更新6: 中文化特别打造的版本放在"chinese" 的子目录中
(由Gandalf打补丁,2005-06-27)
The Chinese special build also has scdrom builtin.
中文化特别打造的版本同时内附scdrom功能。
Update 7: Added memory drive (md). Like (nd) for network drive and (cd)
for CD-ROM drive, a new drive (md) is implemented for accessing
the whole memory as a disk drive. (md) only works for systems
with BIOS int15/EAX=E820h support.
更新7: 加入了内存驱动器(md)。就象(nd)代表网络驱动器,
(cd)代表只读光盘驱动器,新的驱动器(md)是为了实现将全部内存作为
一个磁盘驱动器来访问。只有系统支持BIOS中断int15/EAX=E820h,
(md)才能够工作。
The cat command now has a few new options: --hex for hexdump,
and --locate=STRING for string search in file.
现在cat命令具有新的选项: --hex 转储十六进制数
Typical examples:
典型的例子:
cat --hex (hd0)+1
It will display the MBR sector in hex form.
这个命令将以十六进制数显示MBR扇区。
cat --hex (md)+2
It will display 1KB of your memory(in fact, it is the real-mode
IDT table), also in hexdump form.
这个命令将显示你的内存的1千字节的内容(实际上,它是实模式的IDT表),
也是以十六进制数的形式出现。
cat --hex (md)0x800+1
It will display 1 sector of your extended memory.
这个命令将显示你的扩展内存的一个扇区。
cat --hex (hd0,0)+1
It will display the first sector of partition (hd0,0). Usually
this sector contains the boot record of an operating system.
这个命令将显示分区(hd0,0)的第一扇区。通常这个扇区包括操作系统的引导记录。
Update 8: Added ram drive (rd). The (md) device accesses the memory
starting at physical address 0. But (rd) accesses memory
starting at any base address. The base and length of the ram
drive can be specified through the map command. "help map" for
details. You can even specify the BIOS drive number used for
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