📄 电池管理及监控设计.htm
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<TD class=title_maintxt vAlign=center width="82%"> <IMG
height=14 src="电池管理及监控设计.files/arrow.gif" width=11
align=absMiddle> 电池管理及监控设计 </TD>
<TD class=title_maintxt width="18%"> <FONT
color=red>热</FONT> <FONT
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<TD colSpan=2 height=40><FONT
size=4><STRONG>电池管理及监控设计</STRONG></FONT> </TD></TR>
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<TD colSpan=2>［
作者：杨涌、谢显中 转贴自：佚名 点击数：290 更新时间：2007-7-10 文章录入：<A
href="http://www.peckers.cn/new2007a/User/User_Info.ASP?UserID=2">pecker</A>
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<P><FONT face=宋体>摘要：本文讨论了电池充电管理芯片bq24032A 和电池监控芯片bq26220
的特性，并介绍了基于Windows CE
操作系统的电池驱动模型和初始化过程，重点介绍了电池电压的获取和电池电量的计算方法。</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体>关键词：电池，Windows CE，驱动程序</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体>Battery Management and Monitor
Development</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体>Yang Yong Xie Xian-zhong</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体>MII Key Lab of Mobile Communication
Technology, Chongqing University of Posts
andTelecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体>Abstract：This article introduced the
characteristic of battery manager chip bq24032 and battery
monitor chip bq26220. and introduced battery driver
achievement and initialization process based on Windows CE
operating system, and elaborated how to gain the voltage and
how to compute the capability of the battery.</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体>Keyword：Battery，Windows CE，Driver</FONT></P>
<P><BR><FONT face=宋体>1. 前言</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体>
随着信息技术的飞速发展，移动终端设备如手机、PDA、掌上电脑等产品正越来越多地得到广泛使用。加上目前移动终端设备的处理器性能不断提高、无线应用程序不断增加、图形功能越来越先进。功能上的增加，导致了移动终端产品的功耗越来越大；因此，对电池的提出了更高的性能要求，尤其体现在电池的管理方面，其中包括电池的充电管理和电池的监控，这是嵌入式产品开发中必须考虑的问题。</FONT></P>
<P><BR><FONT face=宋体>2. 电池管理芯片介绍</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体>2.1. 电池充电管理芯片bq24032A</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体> 电池管理芯片bq24032A 支持USB 充电和AC
充电方式。通过bq24032A 对电池进行充电。此芯片提供整个系统的电源输出。其中电池管理芯片bq24032A 的VBAT
接于电池监控芯片bq26220 的VBAT 引脚。PSEL 为电源选择端口，可以用于选择由那种输入电源作为主输入电源（USB
AC）。如果主输入电源不可用，系统将自动采用第二种输入电源进行输入，电池输入作为最后的选择，当USB 或AC
电源不存在时才选择使用电池作为供电源。PSEL 被设置为低时，USB 被选择为主输入[1]。下图1
为电池管理芯片bq24032A 及其外围<BR>电路图：</FONT></P>
<P><IMG src="电池管理及监控设计.files/2007710131222669.gif"
border=0><BR><FONT face=宋体>图1 电池管理芯片bq24032A
及其外围电路图</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体>2.2. 电池监控芯片bq26220</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体> bq26220
芯片是先进的电池设备监控模块，它可精确地测量充电和放电电流，并支持所有管理电池容量的必要功能，这个芯片可用于手持电话、PDA、和另外的便携式产品中。bq26220
芯片和主控制器一起执行电池的管理功能，主控制器负责将bq26220
的数据传送到终端用户电源管理系统中和接收相应的数据。这个模块提供64 比特通用闪存，8 比特的ID ROM，和32
比特的RAM 储空间。这些非易失的存储空间能够保存电池的监控信息或关键的电池参数。</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体> 其中，BAT
为电池电压检测输入端口，这个引脚被用于检测和测量电池的电压值。HDQ为单线HDQ
口，是一个单线串行通信接口，它是双向输入的，负责将寄存器的信息传递给主控制器，并接收主控制器的信息到寄存器中，电池监控芯片bq26220
的HDQ 端口接于PXA272 处理器的GPIO119 端口[2]。下图2 为bq26220
芯片原理模块图：</FONT></P>
<P><IMG src="电池管理及监控设计.files/2007710131252376.gif"
border=0><BR><FONT face=宋体>图2 bq26220 芯片原理模块图</FONT></P>
<P><BR><FONT face=宋体>3. 电池驱动模型和驱动初始化过程</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体> Windows CE
中包含的样本设备驱动程序分为两种类型：单片驱动程序（Monolithic device
driver）和分层驱动程序（Layered Device
driver）。采用分层开发模式可以降低开发难度，缩短开发周期，在电池驱动开发中使用分层驱动开发模式。</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体>
分层驱动程序由两个独立的层组成：上层是模型设备驱动程序（MDD），下层是依赖平台的驱动程序（PDD）。设备驱动程序服务器提供的接口（DDSI）是在PDD中实现的函数集，并由MDD调用。由于微软提供了所有与MDD模块相关的源代码，所以对这部分不用做任何改动，只需将自己的PDD模块与MDD模块链结成一个公用库即可[3]。MDD
通过IoCTLS 调用PDD 中的特定函数来访问硬件的具体特性。</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体> Windows CE 电池驱动要求的MDD
函数包括：</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体>
Init、Deinit、Open、Close、Read、Write、Seek、PowerDown、PowerUp、IOControl。</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体> Windows CE 电池驱动要求的PDD
函数包括：</FONT></P>
<P><FONT face=宋体>
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