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<TD class=title_maintxt vAlign=center width="82%"> <IMG
height=14 src="FAT文件系统原理(四).files/arrow.gif" width=11
align=absMiddle> FAT文件系统原理(四) </TD>
<TD class=title_maintxt width="18%"> <FONT
color=red>热</FONT> <FONT
color=#009900>★★★</FONT> </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR>
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<TD colSpan=2 height=40><FONT
size=4><STRONG>FAT文件系统原理(四)</STRONG></FONT> </TD></TR>
<TR class=tdbg_rightall align=middle>
<TD colSpan=2>［ 作者：<A
href="mailto:zymail@vip.sina.com">菜刀</A> 转贴自：本站原创 点击数：391 更新时间：2004-4-20 文章录入：admin
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<P>★FAT16存储原理: </P>
<P>
当把一部分磁盘空间格式化为fat文件系统时，fat文件系统就将这个分区当成整块可分配的区域进行规划，以便于数据的存储。一般来讲，其划分形式如图7所示。我们把FAT16部分提取出来，详细描述一下：<BR>
FAT16是Microsoft较早推出的文件系统，具有高度兼容性，目前仍然广泛应用于个人电脑尤其是移动存储设备中，FAT16简单来讲由图4.3.11所示的6部分组成(主要是前5部分)。引导扇区(DBR)我们已经说过,FAT16在DBR之后没有留有任何保留扇区，其后紧随的便是FAT表。FAT表是FAT16用来记录磁盘数据区簇链结构的。像前面我们说过的例子一样，FAT将磁盘空间按一定数目的扇区为单位进行划分，这样的单位称为簇。通常情况下，每扇区512字节的原则是不变的。簇的大小一般是2<SPAN
style="VERTICAL-ALIGN: super"><SUP>n</SUP></SPAN>
(n为整数)个扇区的大小，像512B,1K,2K,4K,8K,16K,32K，64K。实际中通常不超过32K。
之所以簇为单位而不以扇区为单位进行磁盘的分配，是因为当分区容量较大时，采用大小为512b的扇区管理会增加fat表的项数，对大文件存取增加消耗，文件系统效率不高。分区的大小和簇的取值是有关系的，见表9 </P>
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