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<H2>IO.DLL</H2>
<H4>Synopsis</H4>IO.DLL allows seamless port I/O operations
for Windows 95/98/NT/2000/XP using the same library.
<P>
<H4>Introduction</H4>
<P>In the pre-Windows days, it was a relatively simple matter
to access I/O ports on a typical PC. Indeed, nearly every
language sported a special command for doing so. As Windows
emerged and gradually evolved, this flapping in the wind
behaviour could no longer be tolerated because of operating
system's ability to virtualize hardware.
<P>Virtualizing hardware means that an application (typically
a DOS box in Windows) believes it is talking directly to a
physical device, but in reality it is talking to a driver that
emulates the hardware, passing data back and forth as
appropriate. This is how you are able to open dozens of DOS
boxes in your Windows session, each one with the strange
notion that it has exclusive access to peripherals such as the
video adapter, keyboard, sound card and printer.
<P>If one were to rudely bang out data to an I/O port that
Windows thought it was in full control of, the "official bad
thing" could occur, the severity of which depending upon the
exact hardware that was being accessed. Actually, with the
virtualization just mentioned, it is quite improbable that
Windows would permit anything too nasty from occuring.
<P>Windows 95/98 actually does allow I/O operations be
executed at the application level, although you'd be hard
pressed to find a language that supports this directly.
Typically the programmer will have to resort to assembly
language for this kind of low-level control. If you know what
you are doing, this can be a quick and easy way to access I/O
ports. Of course, not everyone knows, or desires to learn
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