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<p><a href="../catalog.htm">目录</a>＞＞第2章</p>
<p align="center" class="shadow1Copy"><b class="p3">第2章 基础知识</b><span class="p9">　</span></p>
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    <td class="shadow1"> 
      <div align="center"><span class="p9">第一节 <a href="Chap2-1.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">软件保护</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"></font></span></div>
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    <td class="shadow1"> 
      <div align="center"><span class="p9">第二节 <a href="Chap2-2.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">汇编语言</font></a></span></div>
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    <td class="shadow1"> 
      <div align="center"><span class="p9">第三节 <a href="Chap2-3.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">汇编跳转</font></a></span></div>
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    <td class="shadow1"> 
      <div align="center"><span class="p9">第四节 <a href="Chap2-4.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">浮点指令</font></a></span></div>
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    <td class="shadow1"> 
      <div align="center"><span class="p9">第五节 <a href="Chap2-5.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">分析技术</font></a></span></div>
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<blockquote> 
  <p align="center"><b>第二节 8088 汇编速查手册 </b>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 
    &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; </p>
</blockquote>
<p> <br>
  一、数据传输指令 <br>
  ─────────────────────────────────────── <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; 它们在存贮器和寄存器、寄存器和输入输出端口之间传送数据. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; 1. 通用数据传送指令. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; MOV&nbsp; &nbsp; 传送字或字节. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; MOVSX&nbsp; 先符号扩展,再传送. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; MOVZX&nbsp; 先零扩展,再传送. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; PUSH&nbsp; &nbsp; 把字压入堆栈. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; POP&nbsp; &nbsp; 把字弹出堆栈. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; PUSHA&nbsp; 把AX,CX,DX,BX,SP,BP,SI,DI依次压入堆栈. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; POPA&nbsp; &nbsp; 把DI,SI,BP,SP,BX,DX,CX,AX依次弹出堆栈. 
  <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; PUSHAD&nbsp; 把EAX,ECX,EDX,EBX,ESP,EBP,ESI,EDI依次压入堆栈. 
  <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; POPAD&nbsp; 把EDI,ESI,EBP,ESP,EBX,EDX,ECX,EAX依次弹出堆栈. 
  <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; BSWAP&nbsp; 交换32位寄存器里字节的顺序 <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; XCHG&nbsp; &nbsp; 交换字或字节.( 至少有一个操作数为寄存器,段寄存器不可作为操作数) 
  <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; CMPXCHG 比较并交换操作数.( 第二个操作数必须为累加器AL/AX/EAX ) <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; XADD&nbsp; &nbsp; 先交换再累加.( 结果在第一个操作数里 ) <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; XLAT&nbsp; &nbsp; 字节查表转换. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ── BX 指向一张 256 字节的表的起点, 
  AL 为表的索引值 (0-255,即 <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 0-FFH); 返回 AL 为查表结果. 
  ( [BX+AL]->AL ) <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; 2. 输入输出端口传送指令. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; IN&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; I/O端口输入. ( 语法: IN 累加器, {端口号│DX} 
  ) <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; OUT&nbsp; &nbsp; I/O端口输出. ( 语法: OUT {端口号│DX},累加器 
  ) <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 输入输出端口由立即方式指定时, 其范围是 0-255; 由寄存器 DX 指定时, 
  <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 其范围是 0-65535. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; 3. 目的地址传送指令. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; LEA&nbsp; &nbsp; 装入有效地址. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 例: LEA DX,string&nbsp; ;把偏移地址存到DX. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; LDS&nbsp; &nbsp; 传送目标指针,把指针内容装入DS. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 例: LDS SI,string&nbsp; ;把段地址:偏移地址存到DS:SI. 
  <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; LES&nbsp; &nbsp; 传送目标指针,把指针内容装入ES. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 例: LES DI,string&nbsp; ;把段地址:偏移地址存到ES:DI. 
  <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; LFS&nbsp; &nbsp; 传送目标指针,把指针内容装入FS. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 例: LFS DI,string&nbsp; ;把段地址:偏移地址存到FS:DI. 
  <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; LGS&nbsp; &nbsp; 传送目标指针,把指针内容装入GS. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 例: LGS DI,string&nbsp; ;把段地址:偏移地址存到GS:DI. 
  <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; LSS&nbsp; &nbsp; 传送目标指针,把指针内容装入SS. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 例: LSS DI,string&nbsp; ;把段地址:偏移地址存到SS:DI. 
  <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; 4. 标志传送指令. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; LAHF&nbsp; &nbsp; 标志寄存器传送,把标志装入AH. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; SAHF&nbsp; &nbsp; 标志寄存器传送,把AH内容装入标志寄存器. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; PUSHF&nbsp; 标志入栈. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; POPF&nbsp; &nbsp; 标志出栈. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; PUSHD&nbsp; 32位标志入栈. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; POPD&nbsp; &nbsp; 32位标志出栈. <br>
  <br>
  二、算术运算指令 <br>
  ─────────────────────────────────────── <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 　　ADD&nbsp; &nbsp; 加法. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ADC&nbsp; &nbsp; 带进位加法. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; INC&nbsp; &nbsp; 加 1. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; AAA&nbsp; &nbsp; 加法的ASCII码调整. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; DAA&nbsp; &nbsp; 加法的十进制调整. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; SUB&nbsp; &nbsp; 减法. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; SBB&nbsp; &nbsp; 带借位减法. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; DEC&nbsp; &nbsp; 减 1. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; NEC&nbsp; &nbsp; 求反(以 0 减之). <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; CMP&nbsp; &nbsp; 比较.(两操作数作减法,仅修改标志位,不回送结果). <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; AAS&nbsp; &nbsp; 减法的ASCII码调整. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; DAS&nbsp; &nbsp; 减法的十进制调整. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; MUL&nbsp; &nbsp; 无符号乘法. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; IMUL&nbsp; &nbsp; 整数乘法. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 以上两条,结果回送AH和AL(字节运算),或DX和AX(字运算), <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; AAM&nbsp; &nbsp; 乘法的ASCII码调整. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; DIV&nbsp; &nbsp; 无符号除法. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; IDIV&nbsp; &nbsp; 整数除法. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 以上两条,结果回送: <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 商回送AL,余数回送AH, (字节运算); <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 或&nbsp; 商回送AX,余数回送DX, (字运算). <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; AAD&nbsp; &nbsp; 除法的ASCII码调整. <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; CBW&nbsp; &nbsp; 字节转换为字. (把AL中字节的符号扩展到AH中去) <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; CWD&nbsp; &nbsp; 字转换为双字. (把AX中的字的符号扩展到DX中去) <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; CWDE&nbsp; &nbsp; 字转换为双字. (把AX中的字符号扩展到EAX中去) <br>
  &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; CDQ&nbsp; &nbsp; 双字扩展.&nbsp; &nbsp; (把EAX中的字的符号扩展到EDX中去) 
  <br>
  <br>
  三、逻辑运算指令 <br>
  ─────────────────────────────────────── <br>
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