draft-ietf-pim-sm-v2-new-09.ps

xorp源码hg

%%EndProlog
%%Page: 1 1
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 10/Courier-Bold@0 SF(Internet Engineering Task Force)72 106.6 Q
(PIM WG)209.999 E 245.999(INTERNET-DRAFT Bill)72 119.6 R(Fenner/AT&T)6 E
143.999(draft-ietf-pim-sm-v2-new-09.ps Mark)72 132.6 R(Handley/ICIR)6 E
(Hugh Holbrook/Cisco)389.999 145.6 Q(Isidor Kouvelas/Cisco)377.999 158.6
Q(16 February 2004)407.999 171.6 Q(Expires: August 2004)383.999 184.6 Q
/F1 14/Times-Bold@0 SF(Pr)113.147 209.6 Q
(otocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode \(PIM-SM\):)-.252 E(Pr)
193.353 222.6 Q(otocol Speci\214cation \(Re)-.252 E(vised\))-.21 E/F2 11
/Times-Bold@0 SF(Status of this Document)72 267.6 Q/F3 11/Times-Roman@0
SF(This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with a\
ll pro)72 284.2 Q(visions of Section 10 of)-.165 E(RFC2026.)72 297.2 Q
(Internet-Drafts are w)72 323.2 Q
(orking documents of the Internet Engineering T)-.11 E(ask F)-.88 E
(orce \(IETF\), its areas,)-.165 E(and its w)72 336.2 Q(orking groups.)
-.11 E(Note that other groups may also distrib)5.5 E(ute w)-.22 E
(orking documents as)-.11 E(Internet-Drafts.)72 349.2 Q
(Internet-Drafts are draft documents v)72 375.2 Q
(alid for a maximum of six months and may be updated,)-.275 E
(replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at an)72 388.2 Q 2.75(yt)
-.165 G 2.75(ime. It)-2.75 F(is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts)
2.75 E(as reference material or to cite them other than as "w)72 401.2 Q
(ork in progress.")-.11 E
(The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://www)72
427.2 Q(.ietf.or)-.715 E(g/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt)-.198 E
(The list of Internet-Draft Shado)72 453.2 Q 2.75(wD)-.275 G
(irectories can be accessed at http://www)-2.75 E(.ietf.or)-.715 E
(g/shado)-.198 E -.715(w.)-.275 G(html.).715 E
(This document is a product of the IETF PIM WG.)72 479.2 Q
(Comments should be addressed to the authors,)5.5 E(or the WG')72 492.2
Q 2.75(sm)-.605 G(ailing list at [e-mail].)-2.75 E F2
(Abstract)267.534 511.2 Q F3(This document speci\214es Protocol Indepen\
dent Multicast - Sparse Mode \(PIM-SM\).)97 533.8 Q(PIM-SM is a multica\
st routing protocol that can use the underlying unicast routing)97 546.8
Q(information base or a separate multicast-capable routing information \
base.)97 559.8 Q(It b)5.5 E(uilds)-.22 E
(unidirectional shared trees rooted at a Rendezv)97 572.8 Q
(ous Point \(RP\) per group, and)-.22 E
(optionally creates shortest-path trees per source.)97 585.8 Q
(Fenner/Handle)72 769 Q(y/Holbrook/K)-.165 E(ouv)-.385 E 232.471
(elas [P)-.165 F(age 1])-.165 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 2 2
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 11/Times-Roman@0 SF(INTERNET)72 49 Q 72.802(-DRAFT Expires:)-1.012 F
(August 2004)2.75 E(February 2004)103.569 E/F1 13/Times-Bold@0 SF -1.196
(Ta)239.126 85 S(ble of Contents)1.196 E/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(1. Introduction)97 123 Q F0 11(......................)3.56 G F2(4)11.5
E(2. T)97 135 Q(erminology)-.7 E F0 11(......................)1.48 G F2
(4)11.5 E(2.1. De\214nitions)107 147 Q F0 11(.....................)4.8 G
F2(4)11.5 E(2.2. Pseudocode Notation)107 159 Q F0 11(..................)
5.23 G F2(5)11.5 E(3. PIM-SM Protocol Ov)97 171 Q(ervie)-.15 E(w)-.25 E
F0 11(.................)8.27 G F2(5)11.5 E(4. Protocol Speci\214cation)
97 183 Q F0 11(...................)5.64 G F2(9)11.5 E
(4.1. PIM Protocol State)107 195 Q F0 11(...................).08 G F2(9)
11.5 E(4.1.1. General Purpose State)117 207 Q F0 11(................)
11.63 G F2(10)6.5 E(4.1.2. \(*,*,RP\) State)117 219 Q F0 11
(...................)2.86 G F2(10)6.5 E(4.1.3. \(*,G\) State)117 231 Q
F0 11(....................)1.62 G F2(11)6.5 E(4.1.4. \(S,G\) State)117
243 Q F0 11(....................)1.06 G F2(12)6.5 E
(4.1.5. \(S,G,rpt\) State)117 255 Q F0 11(...................)1.2 G F2
(13)6.5 E(4.1.6. State Summarization Macros)117 267 Q F0 11
(..............)11.9 G F2(14)6.5 E(4.2. Data P)107 279 Q(ack)-.15 E
(et F)-.1 E(orw)-.15 E(arding Rules)-.1 E F0 11(...............)9.77 G
F2(17)6.5 E(4.2.1. Last-hop switcho)117 291 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rt).15
G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(he SPT)-2.5 E F0 11(..............)1.64 G F2(19)6.5 E
(4.2.2. Setting and Clearing the \(S,G\) SPT bit)117 303 Q F0 11
(............)1.33 G F2(19)6.5 E
(4.3. Designated Routers \(DR\) and Hello Messages)107 315 Q F0 11
(...........)2.06 G F2(20)6.5 E(4.3.1. Sending Hello Messages)117 327 Q
F0 11(................)1.62 G F2(20)6.5 E(4.3.2. DR Election)117 339 Q
F0 11(...................)9.53 G F2(22)6.5 E
(4.3.3. Reducing Prune Propag)117 351 Q(ation Delay on LANs)-.05 E F0 11
(..........)2.24 G F2(23)6.5 E
(4.3.4. Maintaining Secondary Address Lists)117 363 Q F0 11
(............)4.68 G F2(26)6.5 E(4.4. PIM Re)107 375 Q(gister Messages)
-.15 E F0 11(.................)9.41 G F2(27)6.5 E(4.4.1. Sending Re)117
387 Q(gister Messages from the DR)-.15 E F0 11(...........)6.36 G F2(27)
6.5 E(4.4.2. Recei)117 399 Q(ving Re)-.25 E(gister Messages at the RP)
-.15 E F0 11(...........)12.72 G F2(30)6.5 E
(4.5. PIM Join/Prune Messages)107 411 Q F0 11(................)13.56 G
F2(32)6.5 E(4.5.1. Recei)117 423 Q(ving \(*,*,RP\) Join/Prune Messages)
-.25 E F0 11(...........)5.9 G F2(32)6.5 E(4.5.2. Recei)117 435 Q
(ving \(*,G\) Join/Prune Messages)-.25 E F0 11(............)4.66 G F2
(35)6.5 E(4.5.3. Recei)117 447 Q(ving \(S,G\) Join/Prune Messages)-.25 E
F0 11(............)4.1 G F2(38)6.5 E(4.5.4. Recei)117 459 Q
(ving \(S,G,rpt\) Join/Prune Messages)-.25 E F0 11(...........)4.24 G F2
(41)6.5 E(4.5.5. Sending \(*,*,RP\) Join/Prune Messages)117 471 Q F0 11
(...........)13.42 G F2(45)6.5 E
(4.5.6. Sending \(*,G\) Join/Prune Messages)117 483 Q F0 11
(............)12.18 G F2(48)6.5 E
(4.5.7. Sending \(S,G\) Join/Prune Messages)117 495 Q F0 11
(............)11.62 G F2(51)6.5 E(4.5.8. \(S,G,rpt\) Periodic Messages)
117 507 Q F0 11(...............)1.49 G F2(55)6.5 E
(4.5.9. State Machine for \(S,G,rpt\) T)117 519 Q(riggered Messages)-.35
E F0 11(.........)4.09 G F2(56)6.5 E
(4.5.10. Background: \(*,*,RP\) and \(S,G,rpt\) interaction)117 531 Q F0
11(.........)3.44 G F2(59)6.5 E(4.6. PIM Assert Messages)107 543 Q F0 11
(..................)3.29 G F2(60)6.5 E
(4.6.1. \(S,G\) Assert Message State Machine)117 555 Q F0 11
(............)8.03 G F2(60)6.5 E
(4.6.2. \(*,G\) Assert Message State Machine)117 567 Q F0 11
(............)8.59 G F2(66)6.5 E(4.6.3. Assert Metrics)117 579 Q F0 11
(...................).65 G F2(71)6.5 E(4.6.4. AssertCancel Messages)117
591 Q F0 11(................)5.8 G F2(72)6.5 E
(4.6.5. Assert State Macros)117 603 Q F0 11(.................)6.21 G F2
(72)6.5 E(4.7. PIM Multicast Border Router Beha)107 615 Q(vior)-.2 E F0
11(.............)2.24 G F2(74)6.5 E
(4.7.1. Sources External to the PIM-SM Domain)117 627 Q F0 11
(...........)3.43 G F2(75)6.5 E
(4.7.2. Sources Internal to the PIM-SM Domain)117 639 Q F0 11
(...........)6.21 G F2(75)6.5 E(4.8. PIM Bootstrap and RP Disco)107 651
Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ry).15 E F0 11(..............)11.36 G F2(76)6.5 E
(4.8.1. Group-to-RP Mapping)117 663 Q F0 11(................)9.67 G F2
(77)6.5 E(4.8.2. Hash Function)117 675 Q F0 11(...................).64 G
F2(78)6.5 E(4.9. Source-Speci\214c Multicast)107 687 Q F0 11
(.................).65 G F2(78)6.5 E
(4.9.1. Protocol Modi\214cations for SSM destination addresses)117 699 Q
F0 11(.......)8.42 G F2(79)6.5 E(4.9.2. PIM-SSM-only Routers)117 711 Q
F0 11(................)4.66 G F2(79)6.5 E(4.10. PIM P)107 723 Q(ack)-.15
E(et F)-.1 E(ormats)-.15 E F0 11(..................)3.68 G F2(80)6.5 E
F0(Fenner/Handle)72 769 Q(y/Holbrook/K)-.165 E(ouv)-.385 E 232.471
(elas [P)-.165 F(age 2])-.165 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 3 3
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 11/Times-Roman@0 SF(INTERNET)72 49 Q 72.802(-DRAFT Expires:)-1.012 F
(August 2004)2.75 E(February 2004)103.569 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(4.10.1. Encoded Source and Group Address F)117 84 Q(ormats)-.15 E F0 11
(.........)11.1 G F1(81)6.5 E(4.10.2. Hello Message F)117 96 Q(ormat)
-.15 E F0 11(................)4.55 G F1(83)6.5 E(4.10.3. Re)117 108 Q
(gister Message F)-.15 E(ormat)-.15 E F0 11(...............)7.34 G F1
(86)6.5 E(4.10.4. Re)117 120 Q(gister)-.15 E(-Stop Message F)-.2 E
(ormat)-.15 E F0 11(.............)13.37 G F1(88)6.5 E
(4.10.5. Join/Prune Message F)117 132 Q(ormat)-.15 E F0 11
(..............)11.49 G F1(88)6.5 E
(4.10.5.1. Group Set Source List Rules)127 144 Q F0 11(.............)
4.81 G F1(91)6.5 E(4.10.5.2. Group Set Fragmentation)127 156 Q F0 11
(..............)3.84 G F1(93)6.5 E(4.10.6. Assert Message F)117 168 Q
(ormat)-.15 E F0 11(................)1.22 G F1(94)6.5 E(4.11. PIM T)107
180 Q(imers)-.35 E F0 11(....................)9.74 G F1(95)6.5 E
(4.12. T)107 192 Q(imer V)-.35 E(alues)-1.11 E F0 11
(....................)4.75 G F1(96)6.5 E(5. IAN)97 204 Q 2.5(AC)-.35 G
(onsiderations)-2.5 E F0 11(...................)7.11 G F1(99)6.5 E
(5.1. PIM Address F)107 216 Q(amily)-.15 E F0 11(..................)6.76
G F1(99)6.5 E(5.2. PIM Hello Options)107 228 Q F0 11
(...................).08 G F1(100)1.5 E(6. Security Considerations)97
240 Q F0 11(..................)12.17 G F1(100)1.5 E
(6.1. Attacks based on for)107 252 Q(ged messages)-.18 E F0 11
(..............)8.49 G F1(100)1.5 E(6.1.1. F)117 264 Q(or)-.15 E
(ged link-local messages)-.18 E F0 11(...............)5.15 G F1(100)1.5
E(6.1.2. F)117 276 Q(or)-.15 E(ged unicast messages)-.18 E F0 11
(................)1.4 G F1(100)1.5 E
(6.2. Non-cryptographic Authentication Mechanisms)107 288 Q F0 11
(..........)9.42 G F1(101)1.5 E(6.3. Authentication using IPsec)107 300
Q F0 11(................)10.23 G F1(101)1.5 E
(6.3.1. Protecting link-local multicast messages)117 312 Q F0 11
(...........)7.87 G F1(101)1.5 E(6.3.2. Protecting unicast messages)117
324 Q F0 11(...............)2.04 G F1(102)1.5 E(6.3.2.1. Re)127 336 Q
(gister messages)-.15 E F0 11(................)9.55 G F1(102)1.5 E
(6.3.2.2. Re)127 348 Q(gister)-.15 E(-Stop messages)-.2 E F0 11
(...............)1.83 G F1(102)1.5 E(6.4. Denial of Service Attacks)107
360 Q F0 11(.................)1.22 G F1(102)1.5 E(7. Authors' Addresses)
97 372 Q F0 11(....................)1.35 G F1(103)1.5 E(8. Ackno)97 384
Q(wledgments)-.25 E F0 11(....................)5.76 G F1(103)1.5 E
(9. Normati)97 396 Q .3 -.15(ve R)-.25 H(eferences).15 E F0 11
(...................)4.96 G F1(103)1.5 E(10. Informati)97 408 Q .3 -.15
(ve R)-.25 H(eferences).15 E F0 11(..................)9.27 G F1(104)1.5
E(11. Inde)97 420 Q(x)-.15 E F0 11(.......................)11.63 G F1
(105)1.5 E/F2 13/Times-Bold@0 SF(List of Figur)247.674 472 Q(es)-.234 E
F1(Figure 1. Per)97 510 Q(-\(S,G\) re)-.2 E
(gister state-machine at a DR)-.15 E F0 11(............).06 G F1(27)6.5
E(Figure 2. Do)97 522 Q(wnstream per)-.25 E(-interf)-.2 E
(ace \(*,*,RP\) state-machine)-.1 E F0 11(.........)4.58 G F1(33)6.5 E
(Figure 3. Do)97 534 Q(wnstream per)-.25 E(-interf)-.2 E
(ace \(*,G\) state-machine)-.1 E F0 11(..........)3.34 G F1(36)6.5 E
(Figure 4. Do)97 546 Q(wnstream per)-.25 E(-interf)-.2 E
(ace \(S,G\) state-machine)-.1 E F0 11(..........)2.78 G F1(38)6.5 E
(Figure 5. Do)97 558 Q(wnstream per)-.25 E(-interf)-.2 E
(ace \(S,G,rpt\) state-machine)-.1 E F0 11(.........)2.92 G F1(41)6.5 E
(Figure 6. Upstream \(*,*,RP\) state-machine)97 570 Q F0 11
(..............)1.08 G F1(45)6.5 E
(Figure 7. Upstream \(*,G\) state-machine)97 582 Q F0 11(..............)
13.59 G F1(48)6.5 E(Figure 8. Upstream \(S,G\) state-machine)97 594 Q F0
11(..............)13.03 G F1(52)6.5 E
(Figure 9. Upstream \(S,G,rpt\) state-machine for triggered messages)97
606 Q F0 11(.......)2.64 G F1(56)6.5 E(Figure 10. Per)97 618 Q(-interf)
-.2 E(ace \(S,G\) Assert State-machine)-.1 E F0 11(...........)7.1 G F1
(61)6.5 E(Figure 11. Per)97 630 Q(-interf)-.2 E
(ace \(*,G\) Assert State-machine)-.1 E F0 11(...........)7.66 G F1(66)
6.5 E F0(Fenner/Handle)72 769 Q(y/Holbrook/K)-.165 E(ouv)-.385 E 232.471
(elas [P)-.165 F(age 3])-.165 E 0 Cg EP
%%Page: 4 4
%%BeginPageSetup
BP
%%EndPageSetup
/F0 11/Times-Roman@0 SF(INTERNET)72 49 Q 72.802(-DRAFT Expires:)-1.012 F
(August 2004)2.75 E(February 2004)103.569 E/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF(1.)72
85 Q/F2 14/Times-Bold@0 SF(Intr)5.5 E(oduction)-.252 E F0
(This document speci\214es a protocol for ef)72 101.6 Q
(\214ciently routing multicast groups that may span wide-)-.275 E
(area \(and inter)72 114.6 Q(-domain\) internets.)-.22 E
(This protocol is called Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse)5.5 E(\
Mode \(PIM-SM\) because, although it may use the underlying unicast rou\
ting to pro)72 127.6 Q(vide re)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(rse-).165 E
(path information for multicast tree b)72 140.6 Q
(uilding, it is not dependent on an)-.22 E 2.75(yp)-.165 G
(articular unicast routing)-2.75 E(protocol.)72 153.6 Q(PIM-SM v)72
170.2 Q(ersion 2 w)-.165 E
(as originally speci\214ed in RFC 2117, and re)-.11 E
(vised in RFC 2362.)-.275 E(This)5.5 E(document is intended to obsolete\
 RFC 2362, and to correct a number of de\214ciencies that ha)72 183.2 Q
-.165(ve)-.22 G(been identi\214ed with the w)72 196.2 Q(ay PIM-SM w)-.11
E(as pre)-.11 E(viously speci\214ed.)-.275 E(As f)5.5 E
(ar as possible, this document)-.11 E
(speci\214es the same protocol as RFC 2362, and only di)72 209.2 Q -.165
(ve)-.275 G -.198(rg).165 G(es from the beha).198 E
(vior intended by RFC)-.22 E(2362 when the pre)72 222.2 Q
(viously speci\214ed beha)-.275 E(vior w)-.22 E(as clearly incorrect.)
-.11 E(Routers implemented)5.5 E(according to the speci\214cation in th\
is document will be able to successfully interoperate with)72 235.2 Q
(routers implemented according to RFC 2362.)72 248.2 Q F1(2.)72 274.2 Q
F2 -1.288(Te)5.5 G(rminology)1.288 E F0(In this document, the k)72 290.8
Q .33 -.165(ey w)-.11 H(ords "MUST", "MUST NO).055 E(T", "REQ)-.44 E
(UIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL)-.11 E(NO)72 303.8 Q(T", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NO)
-.44 E(T", "RECOMMENDED", "MA)-.44 E(Y", and "OPTION)-1.155 E
(AL" are to)-.385 E
(be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 and indicate requirement le)72
316.8 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G(ls for compliant PIM-SM).165 E
(implementations.)72 329.8 Q F1(2.1.)72 355.8 Q/F3 13/Times-Bold@0 SF
(De\214nitions)5.5 E F0(This speci\214cation uses a number of terms to \
refer to the roles of routers participating in PIM-SM.)72 372.4 Q
(The follo)72 385.4 Q(wing terms ha)-.275 E .33 -.165(ve s)-.22 H
(pecial signi\214cance for PIM-SM:).165 E(Rendezv)72 402 Q
(ous Point \(RP\):)-.22 E(An RP is a router that has been con\214gured \
to be used as the root of the non-source-)105 415 Q(speci\214c distrib)