draft-ietf-pim-sm-v2-new-03.ps

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(Internet-Drafts are w)72 301.6 Q
(orking documents of the Internet Engineering T)-.11 E(ask F)-.88 E
(orce \(IETF\), its areas,)-.165 E(and its w)72 314.6 Q(orking groups.)
-.11 E(Note that other groups may also distrib)5.5 E(ute w)-.22 E
(orking documents as)-.11 E(Internet-Drafts.)72 327.6 Q
(Internet-Drafts are draft documents v)72 353.6 Q
(alid for a maximum of six months and may be updated,)-.275 E
(replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at an)72 366.6 Q 2.75(yt)
-.165 G 2.75(ime. It)-2.75 F(is inappropriate to use Internet- Drafts)
2.75 E(as reference material or to cite them other than as "w)72 379.6 Q
(ork in progress.")-.11 E
(The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://www)72
405.6 Q(.ietf.or)-.715 E(g/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt)-.198 E
(The list of Internet-Draft Shado)72 431.6 Q 2.75(wD)-.275 G
(irectories can be accessed at http://www)-2.75 E(.ietf.or)-.715 E
(g/shado)-.198 E -.715(w.)-.275 G(html.).715 E
(This document is a product of the IETF PIM WG.)72 457.6 Q
(Comments should be addressed to the authors,)5.5 E(or the WG')72 470.6
Q 2.75(sm)-.605 G(ailing list at [e-mail].)-2.75 E F2
(Abstract)267.534 489.6 Q F3(This document speci\214es Protocol Indepen\
dent Multicast - Sparse Mode \(PIM-SM\).)97 512.2 Q(PIM-SM is a multica\
st routing protocol that can use the underlying unicast routing)97 525.2
Q(information base or a separate multicast-capable routing information \
base.)97 538.2 Q(It b)5.5 E(uilds)-.22 E
(unidirectional shared trees rooted at a Rendezv)97 551.2 Q
(ous Point \(RP\) per group, and)-.22 E
(optionally creates shortest-path trees per source.)97 564.2 Q F2
(Note on PIM-SM status)72 590.2 Q F3
(PIM-SM v2 is currently widely implemented and deplo)72 606.8 Q(yed, b)
-.11 E(ut the e)-.22 E(xisting speci\214cation in RFC)-.165 E
(2362 is insuf)72 619.8 Q
(\214cient to implement from, and is incorrect in a number of aspects.)
-.275 E(This document is)5.5 E 2.75(ac)72 632.8 S
(omplete re-write from RFC 2362, and is intended to obsolete RFC 2362.)
-2.75 E(The authors ha)5.5 E -.165(ve)-.22 G
(attempted to document current practice as f)72 645.8 Q
(ar as possible, b)-.11 E(ut a number of cases ha)-.22 E .33 -.165(ve a)
-.22 H(risen).165 E
(where current practice is clearly incorrect, typically leading to traf)
72 658.8 Q(\214c being black-holed.)-.275 E(In these)5.5 E(cases we di)
72 671.8 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G -.198(rg).165 G 2.75(ef).198 G
(rom current practice, b)-2.75 E(ut al)-.22 E -.11(wa)-.11 G(ys in a w)
.11 E(ay that will interoperate successfully)-.11 E(with the le)72 684.8
Q -.055(ga)-.165 G .33 -.165(cy P).055 H
(IM v2 implementations that we are a).165 E -.11(wa)-.165 G(re of.).11 E
(Fenner/Handle)72 769 Q(y/Holbrook/K)-.165 E(ouv)-.385 E 232.471
(elas [P)-.165 F(age 1])-.165 E EP
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(January 2002)2.75 E(July 2001)123.726 E/F1 13/Times-Bold@0 SF -1.196
(Ta)239.126 85 S(ble of Contents)1.196 E/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(1. Introduction)72 123 Q F0 11(.........................)12.31 G F2(4)
11.5 E(2. T)72 135 Q(erminology)-.7 E F0 11(.........................)
10.23 G F2(4)11.5 E(2.1. De\214nitions)82 147 Q F0 11
(........................)13.55 G F2(4)11.5 E(2.2. Pseudocode Notation)
82 159 Q F0 11(......................).23 G F2(5)11.5 E
(3. PIM-SM Protocol Ov)72 171 Q(ervie)-.15 E(w)-.25 E F0 11
(.....................)3.27 G F2(5)11.5 E(4. Protocol Speci\214cation)72
183 Q F0 11(.......................).64 G F2(8)11.5 E
(4.1. PIM Protocol State)82 195 Q F0 11(......................)8.83 G F2
(9)11.5 E(4.1.1. General Purpose State)92 207 Q F0 11
(....................)6.63 G F2(9)11.5 E(4.1.2. \(*,*,RP\) State)92 219
Q F0 11(......................)11.61 G F2(10)6.5 E(4.1.3. \(*,G\) State)
92 231 Q F0 11(.......................)10.37 G F2(10)6.5 E
(4.1.4. \(S,G\) State)92 243 Q F0 11(.......................)9.81 G F2
(11)6.5 E(4.1.5. \(S,G,rpt\) State)92 255 Q F0 11
(......................)9.95 G F2(12)6.5 E
(4.1.6. State Summarization Macros)92 267 Q F0 11(..................)6.9
G F2(13)6.5 E(4.2. Data P)82 279 Q(ack)-.15 E(et F)-.1 E(orw)-.15 E
(arding Rules)-.1 E F0 11(...................)4.77 G F2(16)6.5 E
(4.2.1. Last hop switcho)92 291 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rt).15 G 2.5(ot)
-2.5 G(he SPT)-2.5 E F0 11(.................)11.22 G F2(18)6.5 E
(4.2.2. Setting and Clearing the \(S,G\) SPT bit)92 303 Q F0 11
(...............)10.08 G F2(18)6.5 E(4.3. PIM Re)82 315 Q
(gister Messages)-.15 E F0 11(.....................)4.41 G F2(19)6.5 E
(4.3.1. Sending Re)92 327 Q(gister Messages from the DR)-.15 E F0 11
(...............)1.36 G F2(19)6.5 E(4.3.2. Recei)92 339 Q(ving Re)-.25 E
(gister Messages at the RP)-.15 E F0 11(...............)7.72 G F2(22)6.5
E(4.4. PIM Join/Prune Messages)82 351 Q F0 11(....................)8.56
G F2(24)6.5 E(4.4.1. Recei)92 363 Q(ving \(*,*,RP\) Join/Prune Messages)
-.25 E F0 11(...............).9 G F2(24)6.5 E(4.4.2. Recei)92 375 Q
(ving \(*,G\) Join/Prune Messages)-.25 E F0 11(...............)13.41 G
F2(27)6.5 E(4.4.3. Recei)92 387 Q(ving \(S,G\) Join/Prune Messages)-.25
E F0 11(...............)12.85 G F2(30)6.5 E(4.4.4. Recei)92 399 Q
(ving \(S,G,rpt\) Join/Prune Messages)-.25 E F0 11(..............)12.99
G F2(32)6.5 E(4.4.5. Sending \(*,*,RP\) Join/Prune Messages)92 411 Q F0
11(...............)8.42 G F2(36)6.5 E
(4.4.6. Sending \(*,G\) Join/Prune Messages)92 423 Q F0 11
(................)7.18 G F2(40)6.5 E
(4.4.7. Sending \(S,G\) Join/Prune Messages)92 435 Q F0 11
(................)6.62 G F2(43)6.5 E
(4.4.8. \(S,G,rpt\) Periodic Messages)92 447 Q F0 11(..................)
10.24 G F2(47)6.5 E(4.4.9. State Machine for \(S,G,rpt\) T)92 459 Q
(riggered Messages)-.35 E F0 11(............)12.84 G F2(47)6.5 E
(4.5. PIM Assert Messages)82 471 Q F0 11(.....................)12.04 G
F2(51)6.5 E(4.5.1. \(S,G\) Assert Message State Machine)92 483 Q F0 11
(................)3.03 G F2(51)6.5 E
(4.5.2. \(*,G\) Assert Message State Machine)92 495 Q F0 11
(................)3.59 G F2(56)6.5 E(4.5.3. Assert Metrics)92 507 Q F0
11(......................)9.4 G F2(61)6.5 E
(4.5.4. AssertCancel Messages)92 519 Q F0 11(....................).8 G
F2(62)6.5 E(4.5.5. Assert State Macros)92 531 Q F0 11
(.....................)1.21 G F2(62)6.5 E
(4.6. Designated Routers \(DR\) and Hello Messages)82 543 Q F0 11
(..............)10.81 G F2(64)6.5 E(4.6.1. Sending Hello Messages)92 555
Q F0 11(...................)10.37 G F2(64)6.5 E(4.6.2. DR Election)92
567 Q F0 11(.......................)4.53 G F2(65)6.5 E
(4.6.3. Reducing Prune Propag)92 579 Q(ation Delay on LANs)-.05 E F0 11
(.............)10.99 G F2(66)6.5 E(4.7. PIM Bootstrap and RP Disco)82
591 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ry).15 E F0 11(..................)6.36 G F2(68)6.5
E(4.7.1. Group-to-RP Mapping)92 603 Q F0 11(....................)4.67 G
F2(69)6.5 E(4.7.2. Hash Function)92 615 Q F0 11(......................)
9.39 G F2(70)6.5 E(4.8. Source-Speci\214c Multicast)82 627 Q F0 11
(....................)9.4 G F2(70)6.5 E
(4.8.1. Protocol Modi\214cations for SSM destination addresses)92 639 Q
F0 11(...........)3.42 G F2(70)6.5 E(4.8.2. PIM-SSM-only Routers)92 651
Q F0 11(...................)13.41 G F2(71)6.5 E(4.9. PIM P)82 663 Q(ack)
-.15 E(et F)-.1 E(ormats)-.15 E F0 11(......................)3.68 G F2
(72)6.5 E(4.9.1. Encoded Source and Group Address F)92 675 Q(ormats)-.15
E F0 11(.............)11.1 G F2(73)6.5 E(4.9.2. Hello Message F)92 687 Q
(ormat)-.15 E F0 11(....................)4.55 G F2(75)6.5 E(4.9.3. Re)92
699 Q(gister Message F)-.15 E(ormat)-.15 E F0 11(...................)
7.34 G F2(77)6.5 E(4.9.4. Re)92 711 Q(gister)-.15 E(-Stop Message F)-.2
E(ormat)-.15 E F0 11(.................)13.37 G F2(78)6.5 E
(4.9.5. Join/Prune Message F)92 723 Q(ormat)-.15 E F0 11
(..................)11.49 G F2(78)6.5 E F0(Fenner/Handle)72 769 Q
(y/Holbrook/K)-.165 E(ouv)-.385 E 232.471(elas [P)-.165 F(age 2])-.165 E
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(January 2002)2.75 E(July 2001)123.726 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(4.9.5.1. Group Set Source List Rules)102 84 Q F0 11(.................)
4.81 G F1(80)6.5 E(4.9.5.2. Group Set Fragmentation)102 96 Q F0 11
(..................)3.84 G F1(83)6.5 E(4.9.6. Assert Message F)92 108 Q
(ormat)-.15 E F0 11(....................)1.22 G F1(83)6.5 E(4.10. PIM T)
82 120 Q(imers)-.35 E F0 11(........................)4.74 G F1(84)6.5 E
(4.11. T)82 132 Q(imer V)-.35 E(alues)-1.11 E F0 11
(.......................)13.5 G F1(85)6.5 E(5. IAN)72 144 Q 2.5(AC)-.35
G(onsiderations)-2.5 E F0 11(.......................)2.11 G F1(88)6.5 E
(5.1. PIM Address F)82 156 Q(amily)-.15 E F0 11(......................)
1.76 G F1(88)6.5 E(5.2. PIM Hello Options)82 168 Q F0 11
(......................)8.83 G F1(89)6.5 E(6. Security Considerations)72
180 Q F0 11(......................)7.17 G F1(89)6.5 E
(6.1. Attacks based on for)82 192 Q(ged messages)-.18 E F0 11
(..................)3.49 G F1(89)6.5 E(6.1.1. F)92 204 Q(or)-.15 E
(ged link-local messages)-.18 E F0 11(...................).15 G F1(89)
6.5 E(6.1.2. F)92 216 Q(or)-.15 E(ged unicast messages)-.18 E F0 11
(...................)10.15 G F1(89)6.5 E
(6.2. Non-cryptographic Authentication Mechanisms)82 228 Q F0 11
(..............)4.42 G F1(90)6.5 E(6.2.1. Re)92 240 Q(gister Nonces)-.15
E F0 11(......................)2.33 G F1(90)6.5 E
(6.3. Authentication using IPsec)82 252 Q F0 11(....................)
5.23 G F1(90)6.5 E(6.3.1. Protecting link-local multicast messages)92
264 Q F0 11(...............)2.87 G F1(91)6.5 E
(6.3.2. Protecting unicast messages)92 276 Q F0 11(..................)
10.79 G F1(91)6.5 E(6.3.2.1. Re)102 288 Q(gister messages)-.15 E F0 11
(....................)4.55 G F1(91)6.5 E(6.3.2.2. Re)102 300 Q
(gister Stop messages)-.15 E F0 11(..................)11.21 G F1(91)6.5
E(6.4. Denial of Service Attacks)82 312 Q F0 11(....................)
9.97 G F1(92)6.5 E(7. Authors' Addresses)72 324 Q F0 11
(.......................)10.1 G F1(92)6.5 E(8. Ackno)72 336 Q
(wledgments)-.25 E F0 11(........................).76 G F1(92)6.5 E
(9. References)72 348 Q F0 11(..........................)3.58 G F1(93)
6.5 E(10. Inde)72 360 Q(x)-.15 E F0 11(...........................)6.63
G F1(94)6.5 E F0(Fenner/Handle)72 769 Q(y/Holbrook/K)-.165 E(ouv)-.385 E
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(January 2002)2.75 E(July 2001)123.726 E/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF(1.)72 85
Q/F2 14/Times-Bold@0 SF(Intr)5.5 E(oduction)-.252 E F0
(This document speci\214es a protocol for ef)72 101.6 Q
(\214ciently routing multicast groups that may span wide-)-.275 E
(area \(and inter)72 114.6 Q(-domain\) internets.)-.22 E
(This protocol is called Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse)5.5 E(\
Mode \(PIM-SM\) because, although it may use the underlying unicast rou\
ting to pro)72 127.6 Q(vide re)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(rse-).165 E
(path information for multicast tree b)72 140.6 Q
(uilding, it is not dependent on an)-.22 E 2.75(yp)-.165 G
(articular unicast routing)-2.75 E(protocol.)72 153.6 Q(PIM-SM v)72
170.2 Q(ersion 2 w)-.165 E
(as originally speci\214ed in RFC 2117, and re)-.11 E
(vised in RFC 2362.)-.275 E(This)5.5 E(document is intended to obsolete\
 RFC 2362, and to correct a number of de\214ciencies that ha)72 183.2 Q
-.165(ve)-.22 G(been identi\214ed with the w)72 196.2 Q(ay PIM-SM w)-.11
E(as pre)-.11 E(viously speci\214ed.)-.275 E(As f)5.5 E
(ar as possible, this document)-.11 E
(speci\214es the same protocol as RFC 2362, and only di)72 209.2 Q -.165
(ve)-.275 G -.198(rg).165 G(es from the beha).198 E
(vior intended by RFC)-.22 E(2362 when the pre)72 222.2 Q
(viously speci\214ed beha)-.275 E(vior w)-.22 E(as clearly incorrect.)
-.11 E(Routers implemented)5.5 E(according to the speci\214cation in th\
is document will be able to successfully interoperate with)72 235.2 Q
(routers implemented according to RFC 2362.)72 248.2 Q F1(2.)72 274.2 Q
F2 -1.288(Te)5.5 G(rminology)1.288 E F0(In this document, the k)72 290.8
Q .33 -.165(ey w)-.11 H(ords "MUST", "MUST NO).055 E(T", "REQ)-.44 E
(UIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL)-.11 E(NO)72 303.8 Q(T", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NO)
-.44 E(T", "RECOMMENDED", "MA)-.44 E(Y", and "OPTION)-1.155 E
(AL" are to)-.385 E
(be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 and indicate requirement le)72
316.8 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G(ls for compliant PIM-SM).165 E
(implementations.)72 329.8 Q F1(2.1.)72 355.8 Q/F3 13/Times-Bold@0 SF
(De\214nitions)5.5 E F0(This speci\214cation uses a number of terms to \
refer to the roles of routers participating in PIM-SM.)72 372.4 Q
(The follo)72 385.4 Q(wing terms ha)-.275 E .33 -.165(ve s)-.22 H
(pecial signi\214cance for PIM-SM:).165 E(Rendezv)72 402 Q
(ous Point \(RP\):)-.22 E(An RP is a router that has been con\214gured \
to be used as the root of the non-source-)105 415 Q(speci\214c distrib)
105 428 Q(ution tree for a multicast group.)-.22 E
(Join messages from recei)5.5 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(rs for a group).165 E
(are sent to)105 441 Q -.11(wa)-.275 G(rds the RP).11 E 2.75(,a)-1.221 G
(nd data from senders is sent to the RP so that recei)-2.75 E -.165(ve)
-.275 G(rs can).165 E(disco)105 454 Q -.165(ve)-.165 G 2.75(rw).165 G
(ho the senders are, and start to recei)-2.75 E .33 -.165(ve t)-.275 H
(raf).165 E(\214c destined for the group.)-.275 E
(Designated Router \(DR\):)72 470.6 Q 2.75(As)105 483.6 S
(hared-media LAN lik)-2.75 E 2.75(eE)-.11 G(thernet may ha)-2.75 E .33
-.165(ve m)-.22 H(ultiple PIM-SM routers connected to it.).165 E(If)5.5
E(the LAN has directly connected hosts, then a single one of these rout\
ers, the DR, will act)105 496.6 Q
(on behalf of those hosts with respect to the PIM-SM protocol.)105 509.6
Q 2.75(As)5.5 G(ingle DR is elected per)-2.75 E
(LAN using a simple election process.)105 522.6 Q(MRIB)72 539.2 Q
(Multicast Routing Information Base.)105 552.2 Q
(This is the multicast topology table, which is)5.5 E(typically deri)105
565.2 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G 2.75(df).165 G
(rom the unicast routing table, or routing protocols such as MBGP that)