draft-ietf-pim-sm-v2-new-05.ps

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(orce \(IETF\), its areas,)-.165 E(and its w)72 314.6 Q(orking groups.)
-.11 E(Note that other groups may also distrib)5.5 E(ute w)-.22 E
(orking documents as)-.11 E(Internet-Drafts.)72 327.6 Q
(Internet-Drafts are draft documents v)72 353.6 Q
(alid for a maximum of six months and may be updated,)-.275 E
(replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at an)72 366.6 Q 2.75(yt)
-.165 G 2.75(ime. It)-2.75 F(is inappropriate to use Internet- Drafts)
2.75 E(as reference material or to cite them other than as "w)72 379.6 Q
(ork in progress.")-.11 E
(The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://www)72
405.6 Q(.ietf.or)-.715 E(g/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt)-.198 E
(The list of Internet-Draft Shado)72 431.6 Q 2.75(wD)-.275 G
(irectories can be accessed at http://www)-2.75 E(.ietf.or)-.715 E
(g/shado)-.198 E -.715(w.)-.275 G(html.).715 E
(This document is a product of the IETF PIM WG.)72 457.6 Q
(Comments should be addressed to the authors,)5.5 E(or the WG')72 470.6
Q 2.75(sm)-.605 G(ailing list at [e-mail].)-2.75 E F2
(Abstract)267.534 489.6 Q F3(This document speci\214es Protocol Indepen\
dent Multicast - Sparse Mode \(PIM-SM\).)97 512.2 Q(PIM-SM is a multica\
st routing protocol that can use the underlying unicast routing)97 525.2
Q(information base or a separate multicast-capable routing information \
base.)97 538.2 Q(It b)5.5 E(uilds)-.22 E
(unidirectional shared trees rooted at a Rendezv)97 551.2 Q
(ous Point \(RP\) per group, and)-.22 E
(optionally creates shortest-path trees per source.)97 564.2 Q
(Fenner/Handle)72 769 Q(y/Holbrook/K)-.165 E(ouv)-.385 E 232.471
(elas [P)-.165 F(age 1])-.165 E EP
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(September 2002)2.75 E(March 2002)106.935 E/F1 13/Times-Bold@0 SF -1.196
(Ta)239.126 85 S(ble of Contents)1.196 E/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(1. Introduction)97 123 Q F0 11(......................)3.56 G F2(4)11.5
E(2. T)97 135 Q(erminology)-.7 E F0 11(......................)1.48 G F2
(4)11.5 E(2.1. De\214nitions)107 147 Q F0 11(.....................)4.8 G
F2(4)11.5 E(2.2. Pseudocode Notation)107 159 Q F0 11(..................)
5.23 G F2(5)11.5 E(3. PIM-SM Protocol Ov)97 171 Q(ervie)-.15 E(w)-.25 E
F0 11(.................)8.27 G F2(5)11.5 E(4. Protocol Speci\214cation)
97 183 Q F0 11(...................)5.64 G F2(9)11.5 E
(4.1. PIM Protocol State)107 195 Q F0 11(...................).08 G F2(9)
11.5 E(4.1.1. General Purpose State)117 207 Q F0 11(................)
11.63 G F2(10)6.5 E(4.1.2. \(*,*,RP\) State)117 219 Q F0 11
(...................)2.86 G F2(10)6.5 E(4.1.3. \(*,G\) State)117 231 Q
F0 11(....................)1.62 G F2(10)6.5 E(4.1.4. \(S,G\) State)117
243 Q F0 11(....................)1.06 G F2(11)6.5 E
(4.1.5. \(S,G,rpt\) State)117 255 Q F0 11(...................)1.2 G F2
(13)6.5 E(4.1.6. State Summarization Macros)117 267 Q F0 11
(..............)11.9 G F2(13)6.5 E(4.2. Data P)107 279 Q(ack)-.15 E
(et F)-.1 E(orw)-.15 E(arding Rules)-.1 E F0 11(...............)9.77 G
F2(16)6.5 E(4.2.1. Last hop switcho)117 291 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(rt).15
G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(he SPT)-2.5 E F0 11(..............)2.47 G F2(19)6.5 E
(4.2.2. Setting and Clearing the \(S,G\) SPT bit)117 303 Q F0 11
(............)1.33 G F2(19)6.5 E
(4.3. Designated Routers \(DR\) and Hello Messages)107 315 Q F0 11
(...........)2.06 G F2(20)6.5 E(4.3.1. Sending Hello Messages)117 327 Q
F0 11(................)1.62 G F2(20)6.5 E(4.3.2. DR Election)117 339 Q
F0 11(...................)9.53 G F2(21)6.5 E
(4.3.3. Reducing Prune Propag)117 351 Q(ation Delay on LANs)-.05 E F0 11
(..........)2.24 G F2(23)6.5 E(4.4. PIM Re)107 363 Q(gister Messages)
-.15 E F0 11(.................)9.41 G F2(25)6.5 E(4.4.1. Sending Re)117
375 Q(gister Messages from the DR)-.15 E F0 11(...........)6.36 G F2(25)
6.5 E(4.4.2. Recei)117 387 Q(ving Re)-.25 E(gister Messages at the RP)
-.15 E F0 11(...........)12.72 G F2(29)6.5 E
(4.5. PIM Join/Prune Messages)107 399 Q F0 11(................)13.56 G
F2(30)6.5 E(4.5.1. Recei)117 411 Q(ving \(*,*,RP\) Join/Prune Messages)
-.25 E F0 11(...........)5.9 G F2(30)6.5 E(4.5.2. Recei)117 423 Q
(ving \(*,G\) Join/Prune Messages)-.25 E F0 11(............)4.66 G F2
(33)6.5 E(4.5.3. Recei)117 435 Q(ving \(S,G\) Join/Prune Messages)-.25 E
F0 11(............)4.1 G F2(36)6.5 E(4.5.4. Recei)117 447 Q
(ving \(S,G,rpt\) Join/Prune Messages)-.25 E F0 11(...........)4.24 G F2
(39)6.5 E(4.5.5. Sending \(*,*,RP\) Join/Prune Messages)117 459 Q F0 11
(...........)13.42 G F2(43)6.5 E
(4.5.6. Sending \(*,G\) Join/Prune Messages)117 471 Q F0 11
(............)12.18 G F2(47)6.5 E
(4.5.7. Sending \(S,G\) Join/Prune Messages)117 483 Q F0 11
(............)11.62 G F2(50)6.5 E(4.5.8. \(S,G,rpt\) Periodic Messages)
117 495 Q F0 11(...............)1.49 G F2(54)6.5 E
(4.5.9. State Machine for \(S,G,rpt\) T)117 507 Q(riggered Messages)-.35
E F0 11(.........)4.09 G F2(55)6.5 E(4.6. PIM Assert Messages)107 519 Q
F0 11(..................)3.29 G F2(58)6.5 E
(4.6.1. \(S,G\) Assert Message State Machine)117 531 Q F0 11
(............)8.03 G F2(58)6.5 E
(4.6.2. \(*,G\) Assert Message State Machine)117 543 Q F0 11
(............)8.59 G F2(64)6.5 E(4.6.3. Assert Metrics)117 555 Q F0 11
(...................).65 G F2(69)6.5 E(4.6.4. AssertCancel Messages)117
567 Q F0 11(................)5.8 G F2(70)6.5 E
(4.6.5. Assert State Macros)117 579 Q F0 11(.................)6.21 G F2
(71)6.5 E(4.7. PIM Multicast Border Router Beha)107 591 Q(vior)-.2 E F0
11(.............)2.24 G F2(73)6.5 E
(4.7.1. Sources External to the PIM-SM Domain)117 603 Q F0 11
(...........)3.43 G F2(73)6.5 E
(4.7.2. Sources Internal to the PIM-SM Domain)117 615 Q F0 11
(...........)6.21 G F2(74)6.5 E(4.8. PIM Bootstrap and RP Disco)107 627
Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ry).15 E F0 11(..............)11.36 G F2(74)6.5 E
(4.8.1. Group-to-RP Mapping)117 639 Q F0 11(................)9.67 G F2
(75)6.5 E(4.8.2. Hash Function)117 651 Q F0 11(...................).64 G
F2(76)6.5 E(4.9. Source-Speci\214c Multicast)107 663 Q F0 11
(.................).65 G F2(77)6.5 E
(4.9.1. Protocol Modi\214cations for SSM destination addresses)117 675 Q
F0 11(.......)8.42 G F2(77)6.5 E(4.9.2. PIM-SSM-only Routers)117 687 Q
F0 11(................)4.66 G F2(77)6.5 E(4.10. PIM P)107 699 Q(ack)-.15
E(et F)-.1 E(ormats)-.15 E F0 11(..................)3.68 G F2(78)6.5 E
(4.10.1. Encoded Source and Group Address F)117 711 Q(ormats)-.15 E F0
11(.........)11.1 G F2(79)6.5 E(4.10.2. Hello Message F)117 723 Q(ormat)
-.15 E F0 11(................)4.55 G F2(81)6.5 E F0(Fenner/Handle)72 769
Q(y/Holbrook/K)-.165 E(ouv)-.385 E 232.471(elas [P)-.165 F(age 2])-.165
E EP
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(4.10.3. Re)117 84 Q(gister Message F)-.15 E(ormat)-.15 E F0 11
(...............)7.34 G F1(84)6.5 E(4.10.4. Re)117 96 Q
(gisterStop Message F)-.15 E(ormat)-.15 E F0 11(..............)2.75 G F1
(84)6.5 E(4.10.5. Join/Prune Message F)117 108 Q(ormat)-.15 E F0 11
(..............)11.49 G F1(85)6.5 E
(4.10.5.1. Group Set Source List Rules)127 120 Q F0 11(.............)
4.81 G F1(88)6.5 E(4.10.5.2. Group Set Fragmentation)127 132 Q F0 11
(..............)3.84 G F1(90)6.5 E(4.10.6. Assert Message F)117 144 Q
(ormat)-.15 E F0 11(................)1.22 G F1(91)6.5 E(4.11. PIM T)107
156 Q(imers)-.35 E F0 11(....................)9.74 G F1(92)6.5 E
(4.12. T)107 168 Q(imer V)-.35 E(alues)-1.11 E F0 11
(....................)4.75 G F1(93)6.5 E(5. IAN)97 180 Q 2.5(AC)-.35 G
(onsiderations)-2.5 E F0 11(...................)7.11 G F1(96)6.5 E
(5.1. PIM Address F)107 192 Q(amily)-.15 E F0 11(..................)6.76
G F1(96)6.5 E(5.2. PIM Hello Options)107 204 Q F0 11
(...................).08 G F1(97)6.5 E(6. Security Considerations)97 216
Q F0 11(..................)12.17 G F1(97)6.5 E
(6.1. Attacks based on for)107 228 Q(ged messages)-.18 E F0 11
(..............)8.49 G F1(97)6.5 E(6.1.1. F)117 240 Q(or)-.15 E
(ged link-local messages)-.18 E F0 11(...............)5.15 G F1(97)6.5 E
(6.1.2. F)117 252 Q(or)-.15 E(ged unicast messages)-.18 E F0 11
(................)1.4 G F1(97)6.5 E
(6.2. Non-cryptographic Authentication Mechanisms)107 264 Q F0 11
(..........)9.42 G F1(98)6.5 E(6.3. Authentication using IPsec)107 276 Q
F0 11(................)10.23 G F1(98)6.5 E
(6.3.1. Protecting link-local multicast messages)117 288 Q F0 11
(...........)7.87 G F1(98)6.5 E(6.3.2. Protecting unicast messages)117
300 Q F0 11(...............)2.04 G F1(99)6.5 E(6.3.2.1. Re)127 312 Q
(gister messages)-.15 E F0 11(................)9.55 G F1(99)6.5 E
(6.3.2.2. Re)127 324 Q(gister Stop messages)-.15 E F0 11
(...............)2.46 G F1(99)6.5 E(6.4. Denial of Service Attacks)107
336 Q F0 11(.................)1.22 G F1(99)6.5 E(7. Authors' Addresses)
97 348 Q F0 11(....................)1.35 G F1(99)6.5 E(8. Ackno)97 360 Q
(wledgments)-.25 E F0 11(....................)5.76 G F1(100)1.5 E
(9. References)97 372 Q F0 11(......................)8.58 G F1(100)1.5 E
(10. Inde)97 384 Q(x)-.15 E F0 11(.......................)11.63 G F1
(102)1.5 E/F2 13/Times-Bold@0 SF(List of Figur)247.674 436 Q(es)-.234 E
F1(Figure 1. Per)97 474 Q(-\(S,G\) re)-.2 E
(gister state-machine at a DR)-.15 E F0 11(............).06 G F1(25)6.5
E(Figure 2. Do)97 486 Q(wnstream \(*,*,RP\) per)-.25 E(-interf)-.2 E
(ace state-machine)-.1 E F0 11(.........)4.58 G F1(31)6.5 E
(Figure 3. Do)97 498 Q(wnstream \(*,G\) per)-.25 E(-interf)-.2 E
(ace state-machine)-.1 E F0 11(..........)3.34 G F1(34)6.5 E
(Figure 4. Do)97 510 Q(wnstream per)-.25 E(-interf)-.2 E
(ace \(S,G\) state-machine)-.1 E F0 11(..........)2.78 G F1(37)6.5 E
(Figure 5. Do)97 522 Q(wnstream per)-.25 E(-interf)-.2 E
(ace \(S,G,rpt\) state-machine)-.1 E F0 11(.........)2.92 G F1(40)6.5 E
(Figure 6. Upstream \(*,*,RP\) state-machine)97 534 Q F0 11
(..............)1.08 G F1(44)6.5 E
(Figure 7. Upstream \(*,G\) state-machine)97 546 Q F0 11(..............)
13.59 G F1(47)6.5 E(Figure 8. Upstream \(S,G\) state-machine)97 558 Q F0
11(..............)13.03 G F1(50)6.5 E
(Figure 9. Upstream \(S,G,rpt\) state-machine for triggered messages)97
570 Q F0 11(.......)2.64 G F1(55)6.5 E(Figure 10. Per)97 582 Q(-interf)
-.2 E(ace \(S,G\) Assert State-machine)-.1 E F0 11(...........)7.1 G F1
(59)6.5 E(Figure 11. \(*,G\) Assert State-machine)97 594 Q F0 11
(...............)6.5 G F1(65)6.5 E F0(Fenner/Handle)72 769 Q
(y/Holbrook/K)-.165 E(ouv)-.385 E 232.471(elas [P)-.165 F(age 3])-.165 E
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(September 2002)2.75 E(March 2002)106.935 E/F1 11/Times-Bold@0 SF(1.)72
85 Q/F2 14/Times-Bold@0 SF(Intr)5.5 E(oduction)-.252 E F0
(This document speci\214es a protocol for ef)72 101.6 Q
(\214ciently routing multicast groups that may span wide-)-.275 E
(area \(and inter)72 114.6 Q(-domain\) internets.)-.22 E
(This protocol is called Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse)5.5 E(\
Mode \(PIM-SM\) because, although it may use the underlying unicast rou\
ting to pro)72 127.6 Q(vide re)-.165 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(rse-).165 E
(path information for multicast tree b)72 140.6 Q
(uilding, it is not dependent on an)-.22 E 2.75(yp)-.165 G
(articular unicast routing)-2.75 E(protocol.)72 153.6 Q(PIM-SM v)72
170.2 Q(ersion 2 w)-.165 E
(as originally speci\214ed in RFC 2117, and re)-.11 E
(vised in RFC 2362.)-.275 E(This)5.5 E(document is intended to obsolete\
 RFC 2362, and to correct a number of de\214ciencies that ha)72 183.2 Q
-.165(ve)-.22 G(been identi\214ed with the w)72 196.2 Q(ay PIM-SM w)-.11
E(as pre)-.11 E(viously speci\214ed.)-.275 E(As f)5.5 E
(ar as possible, this document)-.11 E
(speci\214es the same protocol as RFC 2362, and only di)72 209.2 Q -.165
(ve)-.275 G -.198(rg).165 G(es from the beha).198 E
(vior intended by RFC)-.22 E(2362 when the pre)72 222.2 Q
(viously speci\214ed beha)-.275 E(vior w)-.22 E(as clearly incorrect.)
-.11 E(Routers implemented)5.5 E(according to the speci\214cation in th\
is document will be able to successfully interoperate with)72 235.2 Q
(routers implemented according to RFC 2362.)72 248.2 Q F1(2.)72 274.2 Q
F2 -1.288(Te)5.5 G(rminology)1.288 E F0(In this document, the k)72 290.8
Q .33 -.165(ey w)-.11 H(ords "MUST", "MUST NO).055 E(T", "REQ)-.44 E
(UIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL)-.11 E(NO)72 303.8 Q(T", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NO)
-.44 E(T", "RECOMMENDED", "MA)-.44 E(Y", and "OPTION)-1.155 E
(AL" are to)-.385 E
(be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 and indicate requirement le)72
316.8 Q -.165(ve)-.275 G(ls for compliant PIM-SM).165 E
(implementations.)72 329.8 Q F1(2.1.)72 355.8 Q/F3 13/Times-Bold@0 SF
(De\214nitions)5.5 E F0(This speci\214cation uses a number of terms to \
refer to the roles of routers participating in PIM-SM.)72 372.4 Q
(The follo)72 385.4 Q(wing terms ha)-.275 E .33 -.165(ve s)-.22 H
(pecial signi\214cance for PIM-SM:).165 E(Rendezv)72 402 Q
(ous Point \(RP\):)-.22 E(An RP is a router that has been con\214gured \
to be used as the root of the non-source-)105 415 Q(speci\214c distrib)
105 428 Q(ution tree for a multicast group.)-.22 E
(Join messages from recei)5.5 E -.165(ve)-.275 G(rs for a group).165 E
(are sent to)105 441 Q -.11(wa)-.275 G(rds the RP).11 E 2.75(,a)-1.221 G
(nd data from senders is sent to the RP so that recei)-2.75 E -.165(ve)
-.275 G(rs can).165 E(disco)105 454 Q -.165(ve)-.165 G 2.75(rw).165 G
(ho the senders are, and start to recei)-2.75 E .33 -.165(ve t)-.275 H
(raf).165 E(\214c destined for the group.)-.275 E
(Designated Router \(DR\):)72 470.6 Q 2.75(As)105 483.6 S
(hared-media LAN lik)-2.75 E 2.75(eE)-.11 G(thernet may ha)-2.75 E .33
-.165(ve m)-.22 H(ultiple PIM-SM routers connected to it.).165 E(If)5.5
E(the LAN has directly connected hosts, then a single one of these rout\
ers, the DR, will act)105 496.6 Q
(on behalf of those hosts with respect to the PIM-SM protocol.)105 509.6
Q 2.75(As)5.5 G(ingle DR is elected per)-2.75 E(interf)105 522.6 Q
(ace \(LAN or otherwise\) using a simple election process.)-.11 E(MRIB)
72 539.2 Q(Multicast Routing Information Base.)105 552.2 Q
(This is the multicast topology table, which is)5.5 E(typically deri)105