preparedstatement.java

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/*
 * @(#)PreparedStatement.java	1.42 03/01/23
 *
 * Copyright 2003 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
 * SUN PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms.
 */

package java.sql;

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.Calendar;

/**
 * An object that represents a precompiled SQL statement.
 * <P>A SQL statement is precompiled and stored in a
 * <code>PreparedStatement</code> object. This object can then be used to
 * efficiently execute this statement multiple times. 
 *
 * <P><B>Note:</B> The setter methods (<code>setShort</code>, <code>setString</code>,
 * and so on) for setting IN parameter values
 * must specify types that are compatible with the defined SQL type of
 * the input parameter. For instance, if the IN parameter has SQL type
 * <code>INTEGER</code>, then the method <code>setInt</code> should be used.
 *
 * <p>If arbitrary parameter type conversions are required, the method
 * <code>setObject</code> should be used with a target SQL type.
 * <P>
 * In the following example of setting a parameter, <code>con</code> represents
 * an active connection:  
 * <PRE>
 *   PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement("UPDATE EMPLOYEES
 *                                     SET SALARY = ? WHERE ID = ?");
 *   pstmt.setBigDecimal(1, 153833.00)
 *   pstmt.setInt(2, 110592)
 * </PRE>
 *
 * @see Connection#prepareStatement
 * @see ResultSet 
 */

public interface PreparedStatement extends Statement {

    /**
     * Executes the SQL query in this <code>PreparedStatement</code> object
     * and returns the <code>ResultSet</code> object generated by the query.
     *
     * @return a <code>ResultSet</code> object that contains the data produced by the
     *         query; never <code>null</code>
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or the SQL
     *            statement does not return a <code>ResultSet</code> object
     */
    ResultSet executeQuery() throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Executes the SQL statement in this <code>PreparedStatement</code> object,
     * which must be an SQL <code>INSERT</code>, <code>UPDATE</code> or
     * <code>DELETE</code> statement; or an SQL statement that returns nothing, 
     * such as a DDL statement.
     *
     * @return either (1) the row count for <code>INSERT</code>, <code>UPDATE</code>,
     *         or <code>DELETE</code> statements
     *         or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or the SQL
     *            statement returns a <code>ResultSet</code> object
     */
    int executeUpdate() throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Sets the designated parameter to SQL <code>NULL</code>.
     *
     * <P><B>Note:</B> You must specify the parameter's SQL type.
     *
     * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
     * @param sqlType the SQL type code defined in <code>java.sql.Types</code>
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void setNull(int parameterIndex, int sqlType) throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java <code>boolean</code> value.
     * The driver converts this
     * to an SQL <code>BIT</code> value when it sends it to the database.
     *
     * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
     * @param x the parameter value
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void setBoolean(int parameterIndex, boolean x) throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java <code>byte</code> value.  
     * The driver converts this
     * to an SQL <code>TINYINT</code> value when it sends it to the database.
     *
     * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
     * @param x the parameter value
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void setByte(int parameterIndex, byte x) throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java <code>short</code> value. 
     * The driver converts this
     * to an SQL <code>SMALLINT</code> value when it sends it to the database.
     *
     * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
     * @param x the parameter value
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void setShort(int parameterIndex, short x) throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java <code>int</code> value.  
     * The driver converts this
     * to an SQL <code>INTEGER</code> value when it sends it to the database.
     *
     * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
     * @param x the parameter value
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void setInt(int parameterIndex, int x) throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java <code>long</code> value. 
     * The driver converts this
     * to an SQL <code>BIGINT</code> value when it sends it to the database.
     *
     * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
     * @param x the parameter value
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void setLong(int parameterIndex, long x) throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java <code>float</code> value. 
     * The driver converts this
     * to an SQL <code>FLOAT</code> value when it sends it to the database.
     *
     * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
     * @param x the parameter value
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void setFloat(int parameterIndex, float x) throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java <code>double</code> value.  
     * The driver converts this
     * to an SQL <code>DOUBLE</code> value when it sends it to the database.
     *
     * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
     * @param x the parameter value
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void setDouble(int parameterIndex, double x) throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>java.math.BigDecimal</code> value.  
     * The driver converts this to an SQL <code>NUMERIC</code> value when
     * it sends it to the database.
     *
     * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
     * @param x the parameter value
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void setBigDecimal(int parameterIndex, BigDecimal x) throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java <code>String</code> value. 
     * The driver converts this
     * to an SQL <code>VARCHAR</code> or <code>LONGVARCHAR</code> value
     * (depending on the argument's
     * size relative to the driver's limits on <code>VARCHAR</code> values)
     * when it sends it to the database.
     *
     * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
     * @param x the parameter value
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void setString(int parameterIndex, String x) throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Sets the designated parameter to the given Java array of bytes.  The driver converts
     * this to an SQL <code>VARBINARY</code> or <code>LONGVARBINARY</code>
     * (depending on the argument's size relative to the driver's limits on
     * <code>VARBINARY</code> values) when it sends it to the database.
     *
     * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
     * @param x the parameter value 
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void setBytes(int parameterIndex, byte x[]) throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>java.sql.Date</code> value.  
     * The driver converts this
     * to an SQL <code>DATE</code> value when it sends it to the database.
     *
     * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
     * @param x the parameter value
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void setDate(int parameterIndex, java.sql.Date x)
	    throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>java.sql.Time</code> value.  
     * The driver converts this
     * to an SQL <code>TIME</code> value when it sends it to the database.
     *
     * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
     * @param x the parameter value
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void setTime(int parameterIndex, java.sql.Time x) 
	    throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Sets the designated parameter to the given <code>java.sql.Timestamp</code> value.  
     * The driver
     * converts this to an SQL <code>TIMESTAMP</code> value when it sends it to the
     * database.
     *
     * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
     * @param x the parameter value 
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void setTimestamp(int parameterIndex, java.sql.Timestamp x)
	    throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Sets the designated parameter to the given input stream, which will have 
     * the specified number of bytes.
     * When a very large ASCII value is input to a <code>LONGVARCHAR</code>
     * parameter, it may be more practical to send it via a
     * <code>java.io.InputStream</code>. Data will be read from the stream
     * as needed until end-of-file is reached.  The JDBC driver will
     * do any necessary conversion from ASCII to the database char format.
     * 
     * <P><B>Note:</B> This stream object can either be a standard
     * Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the
     * standard interface.
     *
     * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
     * @param x the Java input stream that contains the ASCII parameter value
     * @param length the number of bytes in the stream 
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void setAsciiStream(int parameterIndex, java.io.InputStream x, int length)
	    throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Sets the designated parameter to the given input stream, which 
     * will have the specified number of bytes. A Unicode character has
     * two bytes, with the first byte being the high byte, and the second
     * being the low byte.
     *
     * When a very large Unicode value is input to a <code>LONGVARCHAR</code>
     * parameter, it may be more practical to send it via a
     * <code>java.io.InputStream</code> object. The data will be read from the 
     * stream as needed until end-of-file is reached.  The JDBC driver will
     * do any necessary conversion from Unicode to the database char format.
     * 
     * <P><B>Note:</B> This stream object can either be a standard
     * Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the
     * standard interface.
     *
     * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...  
     * @param x a <code>java.io.InputStream</code> object that contains the
     *        Unicode parameter value as two-byte Unicode characters
     * @param length the number of bytes in the stream 
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     * @deprecated
     */
    void setUnicodeStream(int parameterIndex, java.io.InputStream x, 
			  int length) throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Sets the designated parameter to the given input stream, which will have 
     * the specified number of bytes.
     * When a very large binary value is input to a <code>LONGVARBINARY</code>
     * parameter, it may be more practical to send it via a
     * <code>java.io.InputStream</code> object. The data will be read from the 
     * stream as needed until end-of-file is reached.
     * 
     * <P><B>Note:</B> This stream object can either be a standard
     * Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the
     * standard interface.
     *
     * @param parameterIndex the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
     * @param x the java input stream which contains the binary parameter value
     * @param length the number of bytes in the stream 
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void setBinaryStream(int parameterIndex, java.io.InputStream x, 
			 int length) throws SQLException;

    /**
     * Clears the current parameter values immediately.
     * <P>In general, parameter values remain in force for repeated use of a
     * statement. Setting a parameter value automatically clears its
     * previous value.  However, in some cases it is useful to immediately
     * release the resources used by the current parameter values; this can
     * be done by calling the method <code>clearParameters</code>.
     *
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void clearParameters() throws SQLException;

    //----------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Advanced features:

    /**
     * <p>Sets the value of the designated parameter with the given object. The second
     * argument must be an object type; for integral values, the
     * <code>java.lang</code> equivalent objects should be used.
     *
     * <p>The given Java object will be converted to the given targetSqlType
     * before being sent to the database.
     *
     * If the object has a custom mapping (is of a class implementing the 
     * interface <code>SQLData</code>),
     * the JDBC driver should call the method <code>SQLData.writeSQL</code> to 
     * write it to the SQL data stream.
     * If, on the other hand, the object is of a class implementing