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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"><head>	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />	<style type="text/css">	body { font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;}	a.at-term {	font-style: italic; }	</style>	<title>Disadvantages of MPI</title>	<meta name="Generator" content="ATutor">	<meta name="Keywords" content=""></head><body> <p>Some disadvantages of MPI are:</p>

<ul>
  <li> Application development is often difficult, involving significant programming effort. Re-fitting existing serial code using MPI is often a major undertaking, requiring extensive restructuring of the serial code. </li>

  <li> MPI is less useful for problems with fine-grained parallelism, where communication costs may dominate.</li>

  <li>Collective operations are generally expensive and may result in an upper bound on the number of processors that can be effectively used. </li>

    <ul>
      <li>For all-to-all type operations, for example, the effective number of point-to-point interactions increases as the square of the number of processors, resulting in rapidly increasing communication overheads.</li>
    </ul>

  <li>Dynamic load balancing is generally difficult to implement. </li>
</ul></body></html>

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