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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"    "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"><head>	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />	<style type="text/css">	body { font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;}	a.at-term {	font-style: italic; }	</style>	<title>Combining MPI and OpenMP Parallelism</title>	<meta name="Generator" content="ATutor">	<meta name="Keywords" content=""></head><body> <p>In the previous chapters, two types of parallel processing have been discussed: High-level message-passing between processes and loop-level iterations shared among threads. These two approaches are most commonly implemented using the MPI and OpenMP libraries, respectively. In this chapter it will be shown that <em>both MPI routines and OpenMP directives</em> can successfully be used in
the same parallel code. In fact, it is relatively simple
to combine the use of these libraries because the <em>same syntax</em> and procedures learned in earlier chapters are just repeated. In other words, directives and routines are
employed as if one were using only MPI or only OpenMP. </p>

<p>In addition (and perhaps more importantly), it will be shown that in a mixed MPI/OpenMP parallel code, true parallel work is being accomplished. That is, both the MPI processes and the OpenMP threads are simultaneously running
on different <em>processors</em>. This critical fact can be demonstrated in two ways: using 'ps' commands embedded in the code (as shown here) and also using the 'top' graphical tool. </p></body></html>

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