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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"><head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="ims.css" /> <title></title></head><body><ul><li><a href="resources/9.html" target="body">Introduction to Distributed Shared Memory Architectures</a><ul><li><a href="resources/10.html" target="body">Multi-Level Parallel Programming</a></li><li><a href="resources/11.html" target="body">Parallel Computer Architectures</a></li><li><a href="resources/12.html" target="body">Examples of Distributed Shared Memory Systems</a></li><li><a href="resources/13.html" target="body">Parallel Programming Approaches</a></li><li><a href="resources/14.html" target="body">Motivations for Multilevel Parallel Programming</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="resources/15.html" target="body">Interlude: Serial Solution to Laplace's Equation</a><ul><li><a href="resources/16.html" target="body">Laplace's Equation in Two Dimensions</a></li><li><a href="resources/17.html" target="body">Two Implementations of Laplace Solvers</a></li><li><a href="resources/18.html" target="body">Laplace Solver Performance Characteristics</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="resources/19.html" target="body">OpenMP Programming Review</a><ul><li><a href="resources/20.html" target="body">Introduction to OpenMP</a></li><li><a href="resources/21.html" target="body">The OpenMP Programming Model</a></li><li><a href="resources/22.html" target="body">OpenMP Directives</a></li><li><a href="resources/23.html" target="body">General Syntax Rules</a></li><li><a href="resources/24.html" target="body">The Parallel Region</a><ul><li><a href="resources/25.html" target="body">Operation of a Parallel Region</a></li><li><a href="resources/26.html" target="body">Thread ID in a Parallel Region</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="resources/27.html" target="body">OpenMP Directive Clauses</a></li><li><a href="resources/28.html" target="body">OpenMP Work-Sharing Constructs</a><ul><li><a href="resources/29.html" target="body">Parallel for/DO</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="resources/30.html" target="body">Reduction Operations</a></li><li><a href="resources/31.html" target="body">OpenMP Environment Variables</a></li><li><a href="resources/32.html" target="body">OpenMP Runtime Environment Routines</a></li><li><a href="resources/33.html" target="body">OpenMP Synchronization Constructs</a></li><li><a href="resources/34.html" target="body">The Critical Section</a></li><li><a href="resources/35.html" target="body">The Atomic Update</a></li><li><a href="resources/36.html" target="body">The Barrier</a></li><li><a href="resources/37.html" target="body">The Master Region</a></li><li><a href="resources/exe_idevice/38.html" target="body">Self Test</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="resources/39.html" target="body">Interlude: A Laplace Solver Using OpenMP</a><ul><li><a href="resources/40.html" target="body">Applying OpenMP to the Laplace Solver Code</a></li><li><a href="resources/41.html" target="body">OpenMP Laplace Solver Performance Characteristics</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="resources/42.html" target="body">MPI Programming Review</a><ul><li><a href="resources/43.html" target="body">Message Passing Interface (MPI)</a></li><li><a href="resources/44.html" target="body">Adding MPI to Fortran and C Programs</a></li><li><a href="resources/45.html" target="body">Adding MPI to C and Fortran Programs (cont.)</a></li><li><a href="resources/46.html" target="body">Messages</a></li><li><a href="resources/47.html" target="body">MPI Basic Datatypes</a></li><li><a href="resources/48.html" target="body">Point to Point Communications</a></li><li><a href="resources/49.html" target="body">Communication Envelope</a></li><li><a href="resources/50.html" target="body">Memory Mapping</a></li><li><a href="resources/51.html" target="body">Sending a Message with the Point-to-Point Protocol</a></li><li><a href="resources/52.html" target="body">Receiving a Message with Point-to-Point Protocol</a></li><li><a href="resources/53.html" target="body">Wildcarding</a></li><li><a href="resources/54.html" target="body">Sample Program</a></li><li><a href="resources/55.html" target="body">Collective Communication</a></li><li><a href="resources/56.html" target="body">Barrier Synchronization</a></li><li><a href="resources/57.html" target="body">Broadcast</a></li><li><a href="resources/58.html" target="body">Global Reduction</a></li><li><a href="resources/59.html" target="body">Predefined Reduction Operations</a></li><li><a href="resources/60.html" target="body">Introduction to Virtual Topologies</a></li><li><a href="resources/61.html" target="body">Topology Types</a></li><li><a href="resources/62.html" target="body">Creating a Cartesian Virtual Topology</a></li><li><a href="resources/63.html" target="body">Mapping Functions</a></li><li><a href="resources/64.html" target="body">Cartesian Mapping Functions</a></li><li><a href="resources/exe_idevice/65.html" target="body">MPI Self Test</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="resources/66.html" target="body">Interlude: A Laplace Solver Using MPI</a><ul><li><a href="resources/67.html" target="body">Applying MPI to the Laplace Solver</a></li><li><a href="resources/68.html" target="body">MPI Laplace Solver Performance Characteristics</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="resources/69.html" target="body">Combining MPI and OpenMP Parallelism</a><ul><li><a href="resources/70.html" target="body">Chapter Objectives</a></li><li><a href="resources/71.html" target="body">Multi-Level Parallel Programming Strategy</a></li><li><a href="resources/72.html" target="body">Multi-Level Parallel Programming Procedure</a></li><li><a href="resources/73.html" target="body">Demonstration MLP program</a></li><li><a href="resources/74.html" target="body">MPI Processes Created</a></li><li><a href="resources/75.html" target="body">OpenMP Threads Created</a></li><li><a href="resources/exe_idevice/76.html" target="body">Self Test</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="resources/77.html" target="body">Interlude: A Laplace Solver Using MPI and OpenMP</a><ul><li><a href="resources/78.html" target="body">Applying OpenMP to the MPI Laplace Solver</a></li><li><a href="resources/79.html" target="body">Hybrid MPI/OpenMP Laplace Solver Performance Characteristics</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="resources/80.html" target="body">Multi-Level Parallelism and Performance</a><ul><li><a href="resources/81.html" target="body">Measuring Parallel Performance</a></li><li><a href="resources/82.html" target="body">Hardware and Application Considerations</a></li><li><a href="resources/83.html" target="body">General Considerations for MLP Programming</a></li><li><a href="resources/84.html" target="body">MPI Performance Characteristics</a></li><li><a href="resources/85.html" target="body">Advantages of MPI</a></li><li><a href="resources/86.html" target="body">Disadvantages of MPI</a></li><li><a href="resources/87.html" target="body">OpenMP Performance Characteristics</a></li><li><a href="resources/88.html" target="body">Advantages of OpenMP</a></li><li><a href="resources/89.html" target="body">Disadvantages of OpenMP</a></li><li><a href="resources/90.html" target="body">When MLP May be Useful...</a><ul><li><a href="resources/91.html" target="body">Codes that do not scale well with MPI</a></li><li><a href="resources/92.html" target="body">Example: NAS Parallel Benchmarks</a></li><li><a href="resources/93.html" target="body">Codes that could benefit from dynamic load balancing</a></li><li><a href="resources/94.html" target="body">Problems for which fine-grained parallelism is natural</a></li><li><a href="resources/95.html" target="body">Codes that make use of replicated data</a></li><li><a href="resources/96.html" target="body">Ease of implementation</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="resources/97.html" target="body">Case Study: The Laplace Solver</a><ul><li><a href="resources/98.html" target="body">Scaling Performance: IBM SP</a></li><li><a href="resources/99.html" target="body">Scaling Performance: Intel Cluster</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li><a href="resources/100.html" target="body">Common MLP Programming Errors</a><ul><li><a href="resources/101.html" target="body">Problems Specific to MPI</a></li><li><a href="resources/102.html" target="body">Problems specific to OpenMP</a></li><li><a href="resources/103.html" target="body">Problem encountered with mixing OpenMP and MPI</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="resources/105.html" target="body">Course Problem Set</a></li><li><a href="resources/2260.html" target="body">Course Evaluation Form</a></li></ul><ul><li><a href="glossary.html" target="body">Glossary</a></li></ul></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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