s07.htm

关于扩频的一些好资料

            style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">即当跳频系统处于某一固定载频时，可与现有的定频窄带系统建立通信。另外，跳频系统对模拟信源和数字信源均适用。</SPAN><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
            <P class=MsoNormal 
            style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
            </SPAN><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><IMG 
            height=10 src="s07.files/purple-dia.gif" width=10></SPAN> <SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">跳频系统无明显的无近效应。</SPAN><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
            <P class=MsoNormal 
            style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这是因为当大功率信号只在某个频率上产生远近效应，当载波频率跳变至另一个频率时则不再受其影响。这一点，使跳频系</SPAN><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">统在移动通信中易于得到应用与发展。</SPAN><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
            <P class=MsoNormal 
            style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
            <P class=MsoNormal 
            style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><B><FONT 
            color=#ff9933 size=2>跳频系统也有其缺点和局限：</FONT></B></SPAN><FONT 
            color=#ff9933 size=2><B><SPAN lang=EN-US 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></B></FONT><FONT 
            color=#ff9933><B><SPAN lang=EN-US 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></B></FONT><B><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></B><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN></P>
            <P class=MsoNormal 
            style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; mso-char-indent-size: 12.0pt"><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P></O:P></SPAN><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><IMG 
            height=10 src="s07.files/purple-dia.gif" width=10></SPAN> <SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #333399; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">信号的隐蔽性差。</SPAN><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #333399"><O:P> 
            </O:P></SPAN></P>
            <P class=MsoNormal 
            style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">因为跳频系统的接收机除跳频器外与普通超外差式接收机没有什么差别，它要求接收机输入端的信号噪声功率比是正值，而且要求信</SPAN><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; 
            </SPAN><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">号功率远大于噪声功率。所以在频谱仪上是能够明显地看到跳频信号的频谱。特别是在慢速跳频时，跳频信号容易被敌方侦察、识别与截获。</SPAN><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
            <P class=MsoNormal 
            style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
            </SPAN><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><IMG 
            height=10 src="s07.files/purple-dia.gif" width=10></SPAN> <SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #333399; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">跳频系统抗多频干扰及跟踪式干扰能力有限。</SPAN><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #333399"><O:P> 
            </O:P></SPAN></P>
            <P class=MsoNormal 
            style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 
            </SPAN><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当跳频的频率数目中有一半的频率被干扰时，对通信会产生严重影响，甚至中断通信。抗跟踪式干扰要求快速跳频，使干扰机跟踪不上而失效。</SPAN><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
            <P class=MsoNormal 
            style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><IMG 
            height=10 src="s07.files/purple-dia.gif" width=10></SPAN> <SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #333399; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">快速跳频器的限制。</SPAN><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #333399"><O:P> 
            </O:P></SPAN></P>
            <P class=MsoNormal 
            style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">产生宽的跳频带宽、快的跳频速率、伪随机性好的跳频图案的跳频器在制作上遇到很多困难，且有些指标是相互制约的。因此，使得跳频系统的各项优点也受到了局限。</SPAN></P>
            <P class=MsoNormal 
            style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">　</P>
            <P class=MsoNormal 
            style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp;<O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
            <P class=MsoNormal 
            style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><B><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">7.1.3<SPAN 
            style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">直接序列扩频与跳频扩频的互补性</SPAN><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"> <O:P></O:P></SPAN></B></P>
            <P class=MsoNormal 
            style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">将直接序列扩频系统和跳频系统的优点与局限性作一对比，便可看出它们的优缺点是互补的，如表</SPAN><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">7</SPAN><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">－</SPAN><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">1</SPAN><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所示。</SPAN><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
            <P class=MsoNormal 
            style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%" 
            align=center><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">表</SPAN><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">7</SPAN><SPAN 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">－</SPAN><SPAN 
            lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">1</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US 
            style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P>
            <DIV align=center>
            <CENTER>
            <TABLE 
            style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt" 
            cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="85%" border=1>
              <TBODY>
              <TR>
                <TD 
                style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 4cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid" 
                vAlign=top width=151>
                  <P class=MsoNormal 
                  style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%">&nbsp;<SPAN 
                  lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P></TD>
                <TD 
                style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 170.65pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" 
                vAlign=top width=228>
                  <P class=MsoNormal 
                  style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%" 
                  align=center><SPAN 
                  style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">优点</SPAN><SPAN 
                  lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P></TD>
                <TD 
                style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 142.05pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" 
                vAlign=top width=189>
                  <P class=MsoNormal 
                  style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%" 
                  align=center><SPAN 
                  style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">缺点</SPAN><SPAN 
                  lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P> 
              </O:P></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
              <TR>
                <TD 
                style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; WIDTH: 4cm; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" 
                vAlign=top width=151>
                  <P class=MsoNormal 
                  style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%"><SPAN 
                  style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">直接序列扩频系统</SPAN><SPAN 
                  lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><O:P> </O:P></SPAN></P></TD>
                <TD 
                style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 0.5pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: medium none; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0cm; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; WIDTH: 170.65pt; PADDING-TOP: 0cm; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 0.5pt solid; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt" 
                vAlign=top width=228>