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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" /> <title>Manual Page: htpasswd - Apache HTTP Server</title> </head> <!-- Background white, links blue (unvisited), navy (visited), red (active) --> <body bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#0000ff" vlink="#000080" alink="#ff0000"> <div align="CENTER"> <img src="../images/sub.gif" alt="[APACHE DOCUMENTATION]" /> <h3>Apache HTTP Server Version 1.3</h3> <p><small><em>Is this the version you want? For more recent versions, check our <a href="/docs/">documentation index</a>.</em></small></p> </div> <h1 align="center">Manual Page: htpasswd</h1> <!-- This document was autogenerated from the man page --><pre><strong>NAME</strong> htpasswd - Create and update user authentication files<strong>SYNOPSIS</strong> <strong>htpasswd</strong> [ -<strong>c</strong> ] [ -<strong>m</strong> | -<strong>d</strong> | -<strong>s</strong> | -<strong>p</strong> ] <em>passwdfile username</em> <strong>htpasswd</strong> -<strong>b</strong> [ -<strong>c</strong> ] [ -<strong>m</strong> | -<strong>d</strong> | -<strong>s</strong> | -<strong>p</strong> ] <em>passwdfile username</em> <em>password</em> <strong>htpasswd</strong> -<strong>n</strong> [ -<strong>m</strong> | -<strong>d</strong> | -<strong>s</strong> | -<strong>p</strong> ] <em>username</em> <strong>htpasswd</strong> -<strong>nb</strong> [ -<strong>m</strong> | -<strong>d</strong> | -<strong>s</strong> | -<strong>p</strong> ] <em>username password</em><strong>DESCRIPTION</strong> <strong>htpasswd</strong> is used to create and update the flat-files used to store usernames and password for basic authentication of HTTP users. If <strong>htpasswd</strong> cannot access a file, such as not being able to write to the output file or not being able to read the file in order to update it, it returns an error status and makes no changes. Resources available from the <strong>httpd</strong> Apache web server can be restricted to just the users listed in the files created by <strong>htpasswd.</strong> This program can only manage usernames and pass- words stored in a flat-file. It can encrypt and display password information for use in other types of data stores, though. To use a DBM database see <strong>dbmmanage</strong>. <strong>htpasswd</strong> encrypts passwords using either a version of MD5 modified for Apache, or the system's <em>crypt</em>() routine. Files managed by <strong>htpasswd</strong> may contain both types of passwords; some user records may have MD5-encrypted passwords while others in the same file may have passwords encrypted with <em>crypt</em>(). This manual page only lists the command line arguments. For details of the directives necessary to configure user authentication in <strong>httpd</strong> see the Apache manual, which is part of the Apache distribution or can be found at <URL:http://www.apache.org/>.<strong>OPTIONS</strong> -b Use batch mode; <em>i</em>.<em>e</em>., get the password from the command line rather than prompting for it. <strong>This option should</strong> <strong>be used with extreme care, since the password is</strong> <strong>clearly visible on the command line.</strong> -c Create the <em>passwdfile</em>. If <em>passwdfile</em> already exists, it is rewritten and truncated. This option cannot be com- bined with the <strong>-n</strong> option. -n Display the results on standard output rather than updating a file. This is useful for generating pass- word records acceptable to Apache for inclusion in non-text data stores. This option changes the syntax of the command line, since the <em>passwdfile</em> argument (usually the first one) is omitted. It cannot be com- bined with the <strong>-c</strong> option. -m Use Apache's modified MD5 algorithm for passwords. Passwords encrypted with this algorithm are transport- able to any platform (Windows, Unix, BeOS, et cetera) running Apache 1.3.9 or later. On Windows and TPF, this flag is the default. -d Use crypt() encryption for passwords. The default on all platforms but Windows and TPF. Though possibly sup- ported by <strong>htpasswd</strong> on all platforms, it is not sup- ported by the <strong>httpd</strong> server on Windows and TPF. -s Use SHA encryption for passwords. Faciliates migration from/to Netscape servers using the LDAP Directory Interchange Format (ldif). -p Use plaintext passwords. Though <strong>htpasswd</strong> will support creation on all platforms, the <strong>httpd</strong> deamon will only accept plain text passwords on Windows and TPF. <em>passwdfile</em> Name of the file to contain the user name and password. If -c is given, this file is created if it does not already exist, or rewritten and truncated if it does exist. <em>username</em> The username to create or update in <strong>passwdfile</strong>. If <em>username</em> does not exist in this file, an entry is added. If it does exist, the password is changed. <em>password</em> The plaintext password to be encrypted and stored in the file. Only used with the -<em>b</em> flag.<strong>EXIT STATUS</strong> <strong>htpasswd</strong> returns a zero status ("true") if the username and password have been successfully added or updated in the <em>passwdfile</em>. <strong>htpasswd</strong> returns 1 if it encounters some prob- lem accessing files, 2 if there was a syntax problem with the command line, 3 if the password was entered interac- tively and the verification entry didn't match, 4 if its operation was interrupted, 5 if a value is too long (user- name, filename, password, or final computed record), and 6 if the username contains illegal characters (see the <strong>RES-</strong> <strong>TRICTIONS</strong> section).<strong>EXAMPLES</strong> <strong>htpasswd /usr/local/etc/apache/.htpasswd-users jsmith</strong> Adds or modifies the password for user <em>jsmith</em>. The user is prompted for the password. If executed on a Windows system, the password will be encrypted using the modi- fied Apache MD5 algorithm; otherwise, the system's <em>crypt</em>() routine will be used. If the file does not exist, <strong>htpasswd</strong> will do nothing except return an error. <strong>htpasswd -c /home/doe/public_html/.htpasswd jane</strong> Creates a new file and stores a record in it for user <em>jane</em>. The user is prompted for the password. If the file exists and cannot be read, or cannot be written, it is not altered and <strong>htpasswd</strong> will display a message and return an error status. <strong>htpasswd -mb /usr/web/.htpasswd-all jones Pwd4Steve</strong> Encrypts the password from the command line (<em>Pwd4Steve</em>) using the MD5 algorithm, and stores it in the specified file.<strong>SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS</strong> Web password files such as those managed by <strong>htpasswd</strong> should <strong>not</strong> be within the Web server's URI space -- that is, they should not be fetchable with a browser. The use of the -<em>b</em> option is discouraged, since when it is used the unencrypted password appears on the command line.<strong>RESTRICTIONS</strong> On the Windows and MPE platforms, passwords encrypted with <strong>htpasswd</strong> are limited to no more than 255 characters in length. Longer passwords will be truncated to 255 charac- ters. The MD5 algorithm used by <strong>htpasswd</strong> is specific to the Apache software; passwords encrypted using it will not be usable with other Web servers. Usernames are limited to 255 bytes and may not include the character ':'.<strong>SEE ALSO</strong> <strong>httpd(8)</strong> and the scripts in support/SHA1 which come with the distribution.</pre> <hr /> <h3 align="CENTER">Apache HTTP Server Version 1.3</h3> <a href="./"><img src="../images/index.gif" alt="Index" /></a> <a href="../"><img src="../images/home.gif" alt="Home" /></a> </body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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