dlt 621-1997.html

电气专业设计规范

<P class=MsoNormal><A NAME="A4"></A>3<span style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span>A<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>类电气装置接地的一般规定</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></P>

<p class=MsoNormal>3.1<span style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>电力系统中电气装置、设施的某些可导电部分应接地。接地装置应充分利用自然接地极接地，但应校验自然接地极的热稳定。按用途接地有下列</span>4<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>种：</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>a)<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>工作</span>(<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>系统</span>)<span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>接地；</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>b)<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>保护接地；</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>c)<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>雷电保护接地；</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>d)<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>防静电接地。</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal>3.2<span style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>发电厂、变电所内，不同用途和不同电压的电气装置、设施，应使用一个总的接地装置，接地电阻应符合其中最小值的要求：</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>注：本标准中接地电阻除另外注明外，均指工频接地电阻。</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal>3.3<span style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>设计接地装置时，应考虑土壤干燥或冻结等季节变化的影响，接地电阻在四季中均应符合本标准的要求，但雷电保护接地的接地电阻，可只考虑在雷季中土壤干燥状态的影响。接地装置的接地电阻可按附录</span>A<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>计算。</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal>3.4<span style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>确定发电厂、变电所接地装置的型式和布置时，考虑保护接地的要求，应降低接触电位差和跨步电位差，并应符合下列要求。</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>a)<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>在</span>110kV<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>及以上有效接地系统和</span>6<span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>～</span>35kV<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>低电阻接地系统发生单相接地或同点两相接地时，发电厂、变电所接地装置的接触电位差和跨步电位差不应超过下列数值</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><sub><IMG SRC="./images/imagee-002.gif"></sub><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun:
yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span>(1)<span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><sub><IMG SRC="./images/imagee-004.gif"></sub><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun:
yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span>(2)<span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>式中：</span><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>U</i><sub>t</sub><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>——接触电位差，</span>V<span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>；</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>U</i><sub>s</sub><span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>——跨步电位差，</span>V<span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>；</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="mso-spacerun:
yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>ρ</span></i><sub>f</sub><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>——人脚站立处地表面的土壤电阻率，Ω·</span>m<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>；</span><span style='mso-bidi-font-size:
10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>t</i><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:
宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>——接地短路</span>(<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>故障</span>)<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>电流的持续时间，</span>s<span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>。</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>b)<span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> </span>3<span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>～</span>66kV<span lang=ZH-CN
style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'>不接地、经消弧线圈接地和高电阻接地系统，发生单相接地故障后，当不迅速切除故障时，此时发电厂、变电所接地装置的接触电位差和跨步电位差不应超过下列数值</span><span
style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'>U</i><sub>t</sub>=50+0.05<i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span
lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>ρ</span></i><sub>f</sub><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun:
yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span>(3)<span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'>U</i><sub>s</sub>=50+0.<span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;
mso-ascii-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>２<i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>ρ</i></span><sub>f</sub><span
style='font-family:宋体;mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><span
style="mso-spacerun:
yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</span></span>(4)<span style='mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt'><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=ZH-CN style='font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>