op.ps

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(acilities in the syslog.)-.08 E F5(6)93.6 689.2 Q F6(This format may v)
3.2 I(ary slightly if your v)-.2 E(endor has changed the syntax.)-.12 E
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-14 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 61.72
(to A)117 96 R(comma-separated list of the recipients to this mailer)2.5
E(.)-.55 E 41.73(ctladdr The)117 112.2 R -.74(``)2.726 G .226
(controlling user').74 F .226
(', that is, the name of the user whose credentials we use)-.74 F
(for deli)189 124.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E(.)-.65 E 47.84(delay The)
117 140.4 R 1.303(total delay between the time this message w)3.804 F
1.303(as recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.803(da).15 G 1.303(nd the time it)
-3.803 F -.1(wa)189 152.4 S 2.5(sd).1 G(eli)-2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(red.)
.15 E 42.84(xdelay The)117 168.6 R .116
(amount of time needed in this deli)2.615 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .116
(ry attempt \(normally indicati).15 F .416 -.15(ve o)-.25 H 2.616(ft).15
G(he)-2.616 E(speed of the connection\).)189 180.6 Q 43.95(mailer The)
117 196.8 R(name of the mailer used to deli)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rt)
.15 G 2.5(ot)-2.5 G(his recipient.)-2.5 E 49.51(relay The)117 213 R(nam\
e of the host that actually accepted \(or rejected\) this recipient.)2.5
E 55.61(dsn The)117 229.2 R(enhanced error code \(RFC2034\) if a)2.5 E
-.25(va)-.2 G(ilable.).25 E 55.61(stat The)117 245.4 R(deli)2.5 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ry status.).15 E
(Not all \214elds are present in all messages; for e)117 261.6 Q
(xample, the relay is not listed for local deli)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ries.).15 E F0 2.5(2.1.2. Le)102 285.6 R -.1(ve)-.15 G(ls).1 E F1 .205
(If you ha)142 301.8 R -.15(ve)-.2 G/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(syslo)2.855
E(gd)-.1 E F1 .205(\(8\) or an equi)1.666 F -.25(va)-.25 G .205
(lent installed, you will be able to do logging.).25 F .204(There is)
5.204 F 2.787(al)117 313.8 S(ar)-2.787 E .287
(ge amount of information that can be logged.)-.18 F .287
(The log is arranged as a succession of le)5.287 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls.)
.15 E .651(At the lo)117 325.8 R .651(west le)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.151(lo).15 G .651(nly e)-3.151 F .651
(xtremely strange situations are logged.)-.15 F .65(At the highest le)
5.651 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .65(l, e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.15(nt).15 G(he)
-3.15 E .825(most mundane and uninteresting e)117 337.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
.825(nts are recorded for posterity).15 F 5.826(.A)-.65 G 3.326(sac)
-5.826 G(on)-3.326 E -.15(ve)-.4 G .826(ntion, log le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25
G(ls).15 E .201
(under ten are considered generally \231useful;\232 log le)117 349.8 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G .201(ls abo).15 F .501 -.15(ve 6)-.15 H 2.701(4a).15 G .2
(re reserv)-2.701 F .2(ed for deb)-.15 F .2(ugging pur)-.2 F(-)-.2 E 2.5
(poses. Le)117 361.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls from 11\25564 are reserv).15 E
(ed for v)-.15 E(erbose information that some sites might w)-.15 E(ant.)
-.1 E 2.5(Ac)142 378 S(omplete description of the log le)-2.5 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G(ls is gi).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ns)-2.5 G
(ection 4.6.)-2.5 E F0 2.5(2.2. Dumping)87 402 R(State)2.5 E F1 -1.1(Yo)
127 418.2 S 2.563(uc)1.1 G .063(an ask)-2.563 F F2(sendmail)2.563 E F1
.064(to log a dump of the open \214les and the connection cache by send\
ing it a)2.563 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SIGUSR1)102 430.2 Q F1 2.5
(signal. The)2.5 F(results are logged at)2.5 E F3(LOG_DEB)2.5 E(UG)-.09
E F1(priority)2.5 E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(2.3. The)87 454.2 R(Mail Queue)2.5 E
F1 1.283(Sometimes a host cannot handle a message immediately)127 470.4
R 6.283(.F)-.65 G 1.283(or e)-6.433 F 1.283(xample, it may be do)-.15 F
1.282(wn or)-.25 F -.15(ove)102 482.4 S .042
(rloaded, causing it to refuse connections.).15 F .043
(The sending host is then e)5.043 F .043(xpected to sa)-.15 F .343 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H .043(his message).15 F
(in its mail queue and attempt to deli)102 494.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5
(ri).15 G 2.5(tl)-2.5 G(ater)-2.5 E(.)-.55 E .568
(Under normal conditions the mail queue will be processed transparently)
127 510.6 R 5.568(.H)-.65 G -.25(ow)-5.568 G -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H 1.368
-.4(r, y).25 H .568(ou may).4 F .993(\214nd that manual interv)102 522.6
R .993(ention is sometimes necessary)-.15 F 5.993(.F)-.65 G .993(or e)
-6.143 F .993(xample, if a major host is do)-.15 F .994(wn for a)-.25 F
1.699(period of time the queue may become clogged.)102 534.6 R(Although)
6.699 E F2(sendmail)4.199 E F1 1.699(ought to reco)4.199 F -.15(ve)-.15
G 4.199(rg).15 G(racefully)-4.199 E(when the host comes up, you may \
\214nd performance unacceptably bad in the meantime.)102 546.6 Q F0 2.5
(2.3.1. Printing)102 570.6 R(the queue)2.5 E F1 .526
(The contents of the queue can be printed using the)142 586.8 R F2
(mailq)3.026 E F1 .526(command \(or by specifying the)3.026 F F0(\255bp)
117 598.8 Q F1(\215ag to)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(\):)A(mailq)157 615
Q 1.673(This will produce a listing of the queue id')117 631.2 R 1.673
(s, the size of the message, the date the message)-.55 F
(entered the queue, and the sender and recipients.)117 643.2 Q F0 2.5
(2.3.2. F)102 667.2 R(or)-.25 E(cing the queue)-.18 E F2(Sendmail)142
683.4 Q F1 .352(should run the queue automatically at interv)2.852 F
2.853(als. When)-.25 F .353(using multiple queues, a)2.853 F .517(separ\
ate process will be created to run each of the queues unless the queue \
run is initiated by a)117 695.4 R .723(user with the v)117 707.4 R .724
(erbose \215ag.)-.15 F .724
(The algorithm is to read and sort the queue, and then to attempt to)
5.724 F .37(process all jobs in order)117 719.4 R 5.37(.W)-.55 G .37
(hen it attempts to run the job,)-5.37 F F2(sendmail)2.87 E F1 .37
(\214rst checks to see if the job)2.87 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-15)195.86 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(is lock)117 96 Q 2.5(ed. If)
-.1 F(so, it ignores the job)2.5 E(.)-.4 E .338
(There is no attempt to insure that only one queue processor e)142 112.2
R .338(xists at an)-.15 F 2.838(yt)-.15 G .339(ime, since there)-2.838 F
.095(is no guarantee that a job cannot tak)117 124.2 R 2.595(ef)-.1 G
(ore)-2.595 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.595(rt).15 G 2.595(op)-2.595 G .094
(rocess \(ho)-2.595 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.994 E F1 .094(does include heuris-)2.594 F
1.086(tics to try to abort jobs that are taking absurd amounts of time;\
 technically)117 136.2 R 3.587(,t)-.65 G 1.087(his violates RFC)-3.587 F
.462(821, b)117 148.2 R .461(ut is blessed by RFC 1123\).)-.2 F .461
(Due to the locking algorithm, it is impossible for one job to)5.461 F
1.086(freeze the entire queue.)117 160.2 R(Ho)6.086 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 1.886 -.4(r, a).15 H 3.586(nu).4 G(ncooperati)-3.586 E 1.386 -.15
(ve r)-.25 H 1.086(ecipient host or a program recipient that).15 F(ne)
117 172.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.351(rr).15 G .851
(eturns can accumulate man)-3.351 F 3.351(yp)-.15 G .851
(rocesses in your system.)-3.351 F(Unfortunately)5.851 E 3.351(,t)-.65 G
.85(here is no com-)-3.351 F(pletely general w)117 184.2 Q(ay to solv)
-.1 E 2.5(et)-.15 G(his.)-2.5 E .082
(In some cases, you may \214nd that a major host going do)142 200.4 R
.083(wn for a couple of days may create)-.25 F 2.925(ap)117 212.4 S
(rohibiti)-2.925 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .425(ly lar).15 F .425(ge queue.)-.18
F .424(This will result in)5.425 F F2(sendmail)2.924 E F1 .424
(spending an inordinate amount of time)2.924 F 1.084(sorting the queue.)
117 224.4 R 1.084(This situation can be \214x)6.084 F 1.084(ed by mo)
-.15 F 1.085(ving the queue to a temporary place and)-.15 F .023
(creating a ne)117 236.4 R 2.523(wq)-.25 G 2.523(ueue. The)-2.523 F .022
(old queue can be run later when the of)2.523 F .022
(fending host returns to service.)-.25 F 1.6 -.8(To d)142 252.6 T 2.5
(ot).8 G(his, it is acceptable to mo)-2.5 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H
(he entire queue directory:).15 E(cd /v)157 268.8 Q(ar/spool)-.25 E
(mv mqueue omqueue; mkdir mqueue; chmod 700 mqueue)157 280.8 Q -1.1(Yo)
117 297 S 2.708(us)1.1 G .208(hould then kill the e)-2.708 F .209(xisti\
ng daemon \(since it will still be processing in the old queue direc-)
-.15 F(tory\) and create a ne)117 309 Q 2.5(wd)-.25 G(aemon.)-2.5 E 1.6
-.8(To r)142 325.2 T(un the old mail queue, run the follo).8 E
(wing command:)-.25 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oQ/v)157 341.4 Q
(ar/spool/omqueue \255q)-.25 E(The)117 357.6 Q F0(\255oQ)2.868 E F1 .367
(\215ag speci\214es an alternate queue directory and the)2.868 F F0
<ad71>2.867 E F1 .367(\215ag says to just run e)2.867 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
.367(ry job in).15 F .593(the queue.)117 369.6 R .593(If you ha)5.593 F
.893 -.15(ve a t)-.2 H(endenc).15 E 3.093(yt)-.15 G -2.1 -.25(ow a)
-3.093 H .593(rd v).25 F -.1(oy)-.2 G .593(eurism, you can use the).1 F
F0<ad76>3.094 E F1 .594(\215ag to w)3.094 F .594(atch what is)-.1 F
(going on.)117 381.6 Q
(When the queue is \214nally emptied, you can remo)142 397.8 Q .3 -.15
(ve t)-.15 H(he directory:).15 E(rmdir /v)157 414 Q(ar/spool/omqueue)
-.25 E F0 2.5(2.4. Disk)87 442.2 R(Based Connection Inf)2.5 E(ormation)
-.25 E F2(Sendmail)127 458.4 Q F1 .597(stores a lar)3.097 F .596
(ge amount of information about each remote system it has connected to)
-.18 F 1.127(in memory)102 470.4 R 3.627(.I)-.65 G 3.627(ti)-3.627 G
3.627(sn)-3.627 G 1.627 -.25(ow p)-3.627 H 1.127(ossible to preserv).25
F 3.627(es)-.15 G 1.127
(ome of this information on disk as well, by using the)-3.627 F F0
(HostStatusDir)102 482.4 Q(ectory)-.18 E F1 1.705
(option, so that it may be shared between se)4.205 F -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.705(ral in).15 F -.2(vo)-.4 G 1.705(cations of).2 F F2(sendmail)4.205
E F1(.)A .283(This allo)102 494.4 R .283(ws mail to be queued immediate\
ly or skipped during a queue run if there has been a recent)-.25 F -.1
(fa)102 506.4 S(ilure in connecting to a remote machine.).1 E 1.439
(Additionally enabling)127 522.6 R F0(SingleThr)3.939 E(eadDeli)-.18 E
-.1(ve)-.1 G(ry).1 E F1 1.439(has the added ef)3.939 F 1.439
(fect of single-threading mail)-.25 F(deli)102 534.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.61(ry to a destination.).15 F 1.611
(This can be quite helpful if the remote machine is running an SMTP)6.61
F(serv)102 546.6 Q 1.011(er that is easily o)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 1.011
(rloaded or cannot accept more than a single connection at a time, b).15
F 1.01(ut can)-.2 F .458
(cause some messages to be punted to a future queue run.)102 558.6 R
.458(It also applies to)5.458 F F2(all)2.958 E F1 .458
(hosts, so setting this)2.958 F .282(because you ha)102 570.6 R .582
-.15(ve o)-.2 H .281(ne machine on site that runs some softw).15 F .281
(are that is easily o)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .281(rrun can cause mail).15
F .315(to other hosts to be slo)102 582.6 R .315(wed do)-.25 F 2.815
(wn. If)-.25 F .315(this option is set, you probably w)2.815 F .315
(ant to set the)-.1 F F0(MinQueueAge)2.815 E F1 .872
(option as well and run the queue f)102 594.6 R .871
(airly frequently; this w)-.1 F .871
(ay jobs that are skipped because another)-.1 F F2(sendmail)102 606.6 Q
F1 .363(is talking to the same host will be tried ag)2.863 F .364
(ain quickly rather than being delayed for a long)-.05 F(time.)102 618.6
Q 1.099
(The disk based host information is stored in a subdirectory of the)127
634.8 R F0(mqueue)3.598 E F1 1.098(directory called)3.598 F F0
(.hoststat)102 648.8 Q/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)-4 I F1 6.749(.R)4 K(emo)
-6.749 E 1.749(ving this directory and its subdirectories has an ef)-.15
F 1.75(fect similar to the)-.25 F F2(pur)4.25 E -.1(ge)-.37 G(stat).1 E
F1 .046(command and is completely safe.)102 660.8 R .045
(The information in these directories can be perused with the)5.046 F F2
(host-)2.545 E(stat)102 672.8 Q F1 .513(command, which will indicate th\
e host name, the last access, and the status of that access.)3.012 F(An)
5.513 E .32 LW 76 682.4 72 682.4 DL 80 682.4 76 682.4 DL 84 682.4 80
682.4 DL 88 682.4 84 682.4 DL 92 682.4 88 682.4 DL 96 682.4 92 682.4 DL
100 682.4 96 682.4 DL 104 682.4 100 682.4 DL 108 682.4 104 682.4 DL 112
682.4 108 682.4 DL 116 682.4 112 682.4 DL 120 682.4 116 682.4 DL 124
682.4 120 682.4 DL 128 682.4 124 682.4 DL 132 682.4 128 682.4 DL 136
682.4 132 682.4 DL 140 682.4 136 682.4 DL 144 682.4 140 682.4 DL 148
682.4 144 682.4 DL 152 682.4 148 682.4 DL 156 682.4 152 682.4 DL 160
682.4 156 682.4 DL 164 682.4 160 682.4 DL 168 682.4 164 682.4 DL 172
682.4 168 682.4 DL 176 682.4 172 682.4 DL 180 682.4 176 682.4 DL 184
682.4 180 682.4 DL 188 682.4 184 682.4 DL 192 682.4 188 682.4 DL 196
682.4 192 682.4 DL 200 682.4 196 682.4 DL 204 682.4 200 682.4 DL 208
682.4 204 682.4 DL 212 682.4 208 682.4 DL 216 682.4 212 682.4 DL/F4 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)93.6 692.8 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(This is the usual v)3.2 I(alue of the)-.2 E/F6 8/Times-Bold@0 SF
(HostStatusDir)2 E(ectory)-.144 E F5(option; it can, of course, go an)2
E(ywhere you lik)-.12 E 2(ei)-.08 G 2(ny)-2 G(our \214lesystem.)-2 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-16 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .69
(asterisk in the left most column indicates that a)102 96 R/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.19 E F1 .69
(process currently has the host lock)3.19 F .69(ed for)-.1 F(mail deli)
102 108 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E(.)-.65 E .53
(The disk based connection information is treated the same w)127 124.2 R
.53(ay as memory based connection)-.1 F .536
(information for the purpose of timeouts.)102 136.2 R .536(By def)5.536
F .536(ault, information about host f)-.1 F .536(ailures is v)-.1 F .536
(alid for 30)-.25 F 2.5(minutes. This)102 148.2 R
(can be adjusted with the)2.5 E F0 -.18(Ti)2.5 G(meout.hoststatus).18 E
F1(option.)2.5 E .022
(The connection information stored on disk may be pur)127 164.4 R .023
(ged at an)-.18 F 2.523(yt)-.15 G .023(ime with the)-2.523 F F2(pur)
2.523 E -.1(ge)-.37 G(stat).1 E F1(com-)2.523 E .95(mand or by in)102
176.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G .949(king sendmail with the).2 F F0(\255bH)3.449 E
F1 3.449(switch. The)3.449 F .949(connection information may be vie)
3.449 F(