readme

ATMEL公司的AT91RM9200芯片在嵌入式系统中应用非常多

#
# (C) Copyright 2000 - 2002
# Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, [e-mail].
#
# See file CREDITS for list of people who contributed to this
# project.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
# published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
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#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.	See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston,
# MA 02111-1307 USA
#

Summary:
========

This directory contains the source code for U-Boot, a boot loader for
Embedded boards based on PowerPC and ARM processors, which can be
installed in a boot ROM and used to initialize and test the hardware
or to download and run application code.

The development of U-Boot is closely related to Linux: some parts of
the source code originate in the Linux source tree, we have some
header files in common, and special provision has been made to
support booting of Linux images.

Some attention has been paid to make this software easily
configurable and extendable. For instance, all monitor commands are
implemented with the same call interface, so that it's very easy to
add new commands. Also, instead of permanently adding rarely used
code (for instance hardware test utilities) to the monitor, you can
load and run it dynamically.


Status:
=======

In general, all boards for which a configuration option exists in the
Makefile have been tested to some extent and can be considered
"working". In fact, many of them are used in production systems.

In case of problems see the CHANGELOG and CREDITS files to find out
who contributed the specific port.


Where to get help:
==================

In case you have questions about, problems with or contributions for
U-Boot you should send a message to the U-Boot mailing list at
<[e-mail]>. There is also an archive of
previous traffic on the mailing list - please search the archive
before asking FAQ's. Please see
http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/u-boot-users/


Where we come from:
===================

- start from 8xxrom sources
- create PPCBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/ppcboot)
- clean up code
- make it easier to add custom boards
- make it possible to add other [PowerPC] CPUs
- extend functions, especially:
  * Provide extended interface to Linux boot loader
  * S-Record download
  * network boot
  * PCMCIA / CompactFLash / ATA disk / SCSI ... boot
- create ARMBoot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/armboot)
- add other CPU families (starting with ARM)
- create U-Boot project (http://sourceforge.net/projects/u-boot)


Names and Spelling:
===================

The "official" name of this project is "Das U-Boot". The spelling
"U-Boot" shall be used in all written text (documentation, comments
in source files etc.). Example:

	This is the README file for the U-Boot project.

File names etc. shall be based on the string "u-boot". Examples:

	include/asm-ppc/u-boot.h

	#include <asm/u-boot.h>

Variable names, preprocessor constants etc. shall be either based on
the string "u_boot" or on "U_BOOT". Example:

	U_BOOT_VERSION		u_boot_logo
	IH_OS_U_BOOT		u_boot_hush_start


Versioning:
===========

U-Boot uses a 3 level version number containing a version, a
sub-version, and a patchlevel: "U-Boot-2.34.5" means version "2",
sub-version "34", and patchlevel "4".

The patchlevel is used to indicate certain stages of development
between released versions, i. e. officially released versions of
U-Boot will always have a patchlevel of "0".


Directory Hierarchy:
====================

- board		Board dependend files
- common	Misc architecture independend functions
- cpu		CPU specific files
- disk		Code for disk drive partition handling
- doc		Documentation (don't expect too much)
- drivers	Common used device drivers
- dtt		Digital Thermometer and Thermostat drivers
- examples	Example code for standalone applications, etc.
- include	Header Files
- disk		Harddisk interface code
- net		Networking code
- ppc		Files generic to PowerPC architecture
- post		Power On Self Test
- post/arch		Symlink to architecture specific Power On Self Test
- post/arch-ppc		PowerPC architecture specific Power On Self Test
- post/cpu/mpc8260	MPC8260 CPU specific Power On Self Test
- post/cpu/mpc8xx	MPC8xx CPU specific Power On Self Test
- rtc		Real Time Clock drivers
- tools		Tools to build S-Record or U-Boot images, etc.

- cpu/74xx_7xx	Files specific to Motorola MPC74xx and 7xx CPUs
- cpu/mpc5xx	Files specific to Motorola MPC5xx  CPUs
- cpu/mpc8xx	Files specific to Motorola MPC8xx  CPUs
- cpu/mpc824x	Files specific to Motorola MPC824x CPUs
- cpu/mpc8260	Files specific to Motorola MPC8260 CPU
- cpu/ppc4xx	Files specific to IBM	   4xx	   CPUs

- board/LEOX/   Files specific to boards manufactured by The LEOX team
- board/LEOX/elpt860	Files specific to ELPT860 boards
- board/RPXClassic
		Files specific to RPXClassic boards
- board/RPXlite	Files specific to RPXlite    boards
- board/at91rm9200dk Files specific to AT91RM9200DK boards
- board/c2mon	Files specific to c2mon	     boards
- board/cmi	Files specific to cmi        boards
- board/cogent	Files specific to Cogent     boards
		(need further configuration)
		Files specific to CPCIISER4  boards
- board/cpu86	Files specific to CPU86      boards
- board/cray/	Files specific to boards manufactured by Cray
- board/cray/L1		Files specific to L1         boards
- board/cu824	Files specific to CU824	     boards
- board/ebony   Files specific to IBM Ebony board
- board/eric	Files specific to ERIC	     boards
- board/esd/	Files specific to boards manufactured by ESD
- board/esd/adciop	Files specific to ADCIOP     boards
- board/esd/ar405	Files specific to AR405	     boards
- board/esd/canbt	Files specific to CANBT	     boards
- board/esd/cpci405	Files specific to CPCI405    boards
- board/esd/cpciiser4	Files specific to CPCIISER4  boards
- board/esd/common	Common files for ESD boards
- board/esd/dasa_sim	Files specific to DASA_SIM   boards
- board/esd/du405	Files specific to DU405      boards
- board/esd/ocrtc	Files specific to OCRTC      boards
- board/esd/pci405	Files specific to PCI405     boards
- board/esteem192e
		Files specific to ESTEEM192E boards
- board/etx094	Files specific to ETX_094    boards
- board/evb64260
		Files specific to EVB64260   boards
- board/fads	Files specific to FADS	     boards
- board/flagadm Files specific to FLAGADM    boards
- board/gen860t Files specific to GEN860T and GEN860T_SC    boards
- board/genietv Files specific to GENIETV    boards
- board/gth	Files specific to GTH	     boards
- board/hermes	Files specific to HERMES     boards
- board/hymod	Files specific to HYMOD	     boards
- board/icu862	Files specific to ICU862     boards
- board/ip860	Files specific to IP860	     boards
- board/iphase4539
		Files specific to Interphase4539 boards
- board/ivm	Files specific to IVMS8/IVML24 boards
- board/lantec	Files specific to LANTEC     boards
- board/lwmon	Files specific to LWMON	     boards
- board/mbx8xx	Files specific to MBX	     boards
- board/mpc8260ads
		Files specific to MMPC8260ADS boards
- board/mpl/	Files specific to boards manufactured by MPL
- board/mpl/common	Common files for MPL boards
- board/mpl/pip405	Files specific to PIP405     boards
- board/mpl/mip405	Files specific to MIP405     boards
- board/musenki	Files specific to MUSEKNI    boards
- board/mvs1	Files specific to MVS1       boards
- board/nx823   Files specific to NX823      boards
- board/oxc	Files specific to OXC        boards
- board/pcippc2	Files specific to PCIPPC2/PCIPPC6 boards
- board/pm826	Files specific to PM826      boards
- board/ppmc8260
		Files specific to PPMC8260   boards
- board/rpxsuper
		Files specific to RPXsuper   boards
- board/rsdproto
		Files specific to RSDproto   boards
- board/sandpoint
		Files specific to Sandpoint  boards
- board/sbc8260	Files specific to SBC8260    boards
- board/sacsng	Files specific to SACSng     boards
- board/siemens Files specific to boards manufactured by Siemens AG
- board/siemens/CCM	Files specific to CCM	     boards
- board/siemens/IAD210	Files specific to IAD210     boards
- board/siemens/SCM	Files specific to SCM        boards
- board/siemens/pcu_e	Files specific to PCU_E	     boards
- board/sixnet	Files specific to SIXNET     boards
- board/spd8xx	Files specific to SPD8xxTS   boards
- board/tqm8260 Files specific to TQM8260    boards
- board/tqm8xx	Files specific to TQM8xxL    boards
- board/w7o	Files specific to W7O        boards
- board/walnut405
		Files specific to Walnut405  boards
- board/westel/	Files specific to boards manufactured by Westel Wireless
- board/westel/amx860	Files specific to AMX860     boards
- board/utx8245	Files specific to UTX8245   boards

Software Configuration:
=======================

Configuration is usually done using C preprocessor defines; the
rationale behind that is to avoid dead code whenever possible.

There are two classes of configuration variables:

* Configuration _OPTIONS_:
  These are selectable by the user and have names beginning with
  "CONFIG_".

* Configuration _SETTINGS_:
  These depend on the hardware etc. and should not be meddled with if
  you don't know what you're doing; they have names beginning with
  "CFG_".

Later we will add a configuration tool - probably similar to or even
identical to what's used for the Linux kernel. Right now, we have to
do the configuration by hand, which means creating some symbolic
links and editing some configuration files. We use the TQM8xxL boards
as an example here.


Selection of Processor Architecture and Board Type:
---------------------------------------------------

For all supported boards there are ready-to-use default
configurations available; just type "make <board_name>_config".

Example: For a TQM823L module type:

	cd u-boot
	make TQM823L_config

For the Cogent platform, you need to specify the cpu type as well;
e.g. "make cogent_mpc8xx_config". And also configure the cogent
directory according to the instructions in cogent/README.


Configuration Options:
----------------------

Configuration depends on the combination of board and CPU type; all
such information is kept in a configuration file
"include/configs/<board_name>.h".

Example: For a TQM823L module, all configuration settings are in
"include/configs/TQM823L.h".


Many of the options are named exactly as the corresponding Linux
kernel configuration options. The intention is to make it easier to
build a config tool - later.


The following options need to be configured:

- CPU Type:	Define exactly one of

		PowerPC based CPUs:
		-------------------
		CONFIG_MPC823,	CONFIG_MPC850,	CONFIG_MPC855,	CONFIG_MPC860
	or	CONFIG_MPC5xx
	or	CONFIG_MPC824X, CONFIG_MPC8260
	or	CONFIG_IOP480
	or	CONFIG_405GP
	or	CONFIG_440
	or	CONFIG_MPC74xx
	or	CONFIG_750FX

		ARM based CPUs:
		---------------
		CONFIG_SA1110
		CONFIG_ARM7
		CONFIG_PXA250


- Board Type:	Define exactly one of

		PowerPC based boards:
		---------------------

		CONFIG_ADCIOP,     CONFIG_ICU862      CONFIG_RPXsuper,
		CONFIG_ADS860,     CONFIG_IP860,      CONFIG_SM850,
		CONFIG_AMX860,     CONFIG_IPHASE4539, CONFIG_SPD823TS,
		CONFIG_AR405,      CONFIG_IVML24,     CONFIG_SXNI855T,
		CONFIG_BAB7xx,     CONFIG_IVML24_128, CONFIG_Sandpoint8240,
		CONFIG_CANBT,      CONFIG_IVML24_256, CONFIG_Sandpoint8245,
		CONFIG_CCM,        CONFIG_IVMS8,      CONFIG_TQM823L,
		CONFIG_CPCI405,    CONFIG_IVMS8_128,  CONFIG_TQM850L,
		CONFIG_CPCI4052,   CONFIG_IVMS8_256,  CONFIG_TQM855L,
		CONFIG_CPCIISER4,  CONFIG_LANTEC,     CONFIG_TQM860L,
		CONFIG_CPU86,      CONFIG_MBX,        CONFIG_TQM8260,
		CONFIG_CRAYL1,     CONFIG_MBX860T,    CONFIG_TTTech,
		CONFIG_CU824,      CONFIG_MHPC,       CONFIG_UTX8245,
		CONFIG_DASA_SIM,   CONFIG_MIP405,     CONFIG_W7OLMC,
		CONFIG_DU405,      CONFIG_MOUSSE,     CONFIG_W7OLMG,
		CONFIG_ELPPC,      CONFIG_MPC8260ADS, CONFIG_WALNUT405,
		CONFIG_ERIC,       CONFIG_MUSENKI,    CONFIG_ZUMA,
		CONFIG_ESTEEM192E, CONFIG_MVS1,       CONFIG_c2mon,
		CONFIG_ETX094,     CONFIG_NX823,      CONFIG_cogent_mpc8260,
		CONFIG_EVB64260,   CONFIG_OCRTC,      CONFIG_cogent_mpc8xx,
		CONFIG_FADS823,    CONFIG_ORSG,       CONFIG_ep8260,
		CONFIG_FADS850SAR, CONFIG_OXC,        CONFIG_gw8260,
		CONFIG_FADS860T,   CONFIG_PCI405,     CONFIG_hermes,
		CONFIG_FLAGADM,    CONFIG_PCIPPC2,    CONFIG_hymod,
		CONFIG_FPS850L,    CONFIG_PCIPPC6,    CONFIG_lwmon,
		CONFIG_GEN860T,    CONFIG_PIP405,     CONFIG_pcu_e,
		CONFIG_GENIETV,    CONFIG_PM826,      CONFIG_ppmc8260,
		CONFIG_GTH,        CONFIG_RPXClassic, CONFIG_rsdproto,
		CONFIG_IAD210,     CONFIG_RPXlite,    CONFIG_sbc8260,
		CONFIG_EBONY,      CONFIG_sacsng,     CONFIG_FPS860L,
		CONFIG_V37,        CONFIG_ELPT860,    CONFIG_CMI,
		CONFIG_NETVIA,     CONFIG_RBC823

		ARM based boards:
		-----------------

		CONFIG_HHP_CRADLE,  CONFIG_DNP1110,    CONFIG_EP7312,
		CONFIG_IMPA7,       CONFIG_LART,       CONFIG_LUBBOCK,
		CONFIG_SHANNON,     CONFIG_SMDK2400,   CONFIG_SMDK2410,
		CONFIG_TRAB,	    CONFIG_AT91RM9200DK


- CPU Module Type: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
		Define exactly one of
		CONFIG_CMA286_60_OLD
--- FIXME --- not tested yet:
		CONFIG_CMA286_60, CONFIG_CMA286_21, CONFIG_CMA286_60P,
		CONFIG_CMA287_23, CONFIG_CMA287_50

- Motherboard Type: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
		Define exactly one of
		CONFIG_CMA101, CONFIG_CMA102

- Motherboard I/O Modules: (if CONFIG_COGENT is defined)
		Define one or more of
		CONFIG_CMA302

- Motherboard Options: (if CONFIG_CMA101 or CONFIG_CMA102 are defined)
		Define one or more of
		CONFIG_LCD_HEARTBEAT	- update a character position on
					  the lcd display every second with
					  a "rotator" |\-/|\-/

- MPC824X Family Member (if CONFIG_MPC824X is defined)
	Define exactly one of
	CONFIG_MPC8240, CONFIG_MPC8245

- 8xx CPU Options: (if using an 8xx cpu)
		Define one or more of
		CONFIG_8xx_GCLK_FREQ	- if get_gclk_freq() can not work e.g.
					  no 32KHz reference PIT/RTC clock