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1: Neurobiol Dis. 2006 Sep;23(3):630-6. Epub 2006 Jul 17.

Microarray analysis of cultured human brain aggregates following cortisol
exposure: implications for cellular functions relevant to mood disorders.

Salaria S, Chana G, Caldara F, Feltrin E, Altieri M, Faggioni F, Domenici E,
Merlo-Pich E, Everall IP.

Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, 
La Jolla, CA 92093-0603, USA. [e-mail]

Increased cortisol levels in humans are often observed in patients suffering from
mood disorders. In this study human fetal brain aggregates were exposed to
cortisol at 500 nM for 3 weeks, as an in-vitro model of chronic cortisol
exposure. Microarray analysis on extracted mRNA using the Affymetrix U133A
platform was then performed. Our results demonstrated a significant effect of
cortisol on 1648 transcripts; 736 up-regulated and 912 down-regulated genes. The 
most differentially regulated biological categories were: RNA processing, protein
metabolism, and cell growth. Within these categories we observed a
down-regulation of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) (-1.5-fold) and aquaporin4
(AQP4) (-1.7-fold), alongside an up-regulation of fibroblast growth factor 9
(FGF9) (+1.7-fold) and vesicle associated membrane protein2 (VAMP2) (+1.7-fold). 
FGF2, FGF9, AQP4 and VAMP2 changes were confirmed at the protein level by
immunohistochemistry. Alterations in FGF transcripts are in keeping with recent
literature demonstrating such effects in patients with mood disorders.

PMID: 16844382 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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