readme

Simple Operating Systems （简称SOS）是一个可以运行在X86平台上（包括QEMU

                    SOS: A Simple Operating System


This   is   SOS,   a   Simple   Operating   System   for   i386-family
processors. This is  as simple as possible to show a  way to program a
basic Operating System on real  common hardware (PC).  The code should
be easily readable and understandable thanks to frequent comments, and
references to external documentation.  We chose to implement the basic
features  of an OS,  thus making  design decisions  targetting towards
simplicity  of  understanding,  covering  most  of  the  OS  classical
concepts,  but  not  aiming  at  proposing  yet  another  full-fledged
competitive OS  (Linux is  quite good at  it). However, for  those who
would  like to  propose some  enhancements, we  are open  to  any code
suggestions (patches only,  please).  And yes, there might  be bugs in
the code, so please send us any bug report, and/or patches !

The OS comes as  a set of articles (in french) to  be published in the
journal  "Linux Magazine  France". Each  month, the  part of  the code
related to the current article's theme is released (see VERSION file),
and the resulting OS can  be successfully compiled and run, by booting
it from a floppy on a real  machine (tested AMD k7, Cyrix and Intel P4
pentiums), or through an x86  emulator (bochs or qemu).  The resulting
OS is available as a multiboot compliant ELF kernel (sos.elf) and as a
floppy image (fd.img).  It provides  a very very very basic demo whose
aim is to  understand how everything works, not  to animate sprites on
the screen with 5:1 dolby sound.

The initial technical features and lack-of-features of the OS are:
 - monolithic kernel, fully interruptible, non-preemptible (big kernel
   lock), target machines = i386 PC or better
 - compiles on any host where the gcc/binutils toolchain (target
   i586-gnu) is available. Can be tested on real i486/pentium
   hardware, or on any host that can run an i486/pentium PC emulator
   (bochs or qemu)
 - kernel loaded by grub, or by a sample bootsector (up to article 2
   ONLY)
 - clear separation of physical memory and virtual memory concepts,
   even inside the kernel: no identity-mapping of the physical memory
   inside the kernel (allows to move virtual mappings of kernel pages
   at run-time, eg to free ISA DMA pages, and to avercome the 4G RAM
   barrier)
 - slab-type kernel memory allocation
 - no swap, no reverse mapping
 - VERY simple drivers: keyboard, x86 video memory, IDE disks
 - logical devices: partitions, FAT filesystem, "hard-coded"
   mountpoints only (~ MSDOS)
 - no network stack
 - user-level features: ELF loader (no shared libraries), processes,
   user threads (kernel-level scheduling only), mmap API, basic VFS

To understand where to look at for what, here is a brief description:
 - Makefile: the (ONLY) makefile of the OS. Targets are basically
   'all' and 'clean'
 - bootstrap/ directory: code to load the kernel. Both the stuff
   needed for a multiboot-compliant loader (eg grub) AND a bootsector
   are provided. The bootsector may only be used up to article 2.
 - sos/ directory: the entry routine for the kernel (main.c), various
   systemwide header files, a set of common useful C routines
   ("nano-klibc"), and kernel subsystems (kernel memory management,
   etc...)
 - hwcore/ directory: Low-level CPU- and kernel-related routines
   (interrupt/exception management, translation tables and segment
   registers, ...)
 - drivers/ directory: basic kernel drivers for various (non CPU)
   devices (keyboard, x86 video memory, bochs 0xe9 port, ...). Used
   mainly for debugging
 - support/ directory: scripts and configuration files to build the
   floppy images
 - extra/ directory: a set of configuration files to be customized for
   non-x86 host installations (yes, we primarily develop SOS on a ppc, for
   the x86 target of course), or for grub-less installations. See
   README file in this directory.

The code is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL version 2 (see
LICENSE file).

Enjoy !

                        David Decotigny, Thomas Petazzoni, the Kos team
                                                   http://sos.enix.org/
                                        http://david.decotigny.free.fr/
                                           http://kos.enix.org/~thomas/
                                                   http://kos.enix.org/


--
David Decotigny

PS: Made with a Mac.