📄 opencv用户手册之图像处理部分（之二）：采样、差值与几何变换（中文翻译） - hunnish的opencv专栏.htm

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  <DT>fillval 
  <DD>用来填充边界外面的值 </DD></DL>
<P>函数 <SPAN lang=EN-US><A 
href="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/user/LOCALS~1/Temp/FrontPageTempDir/pvw1.htm#decl_cvWarpAffine">cvWarpAffine</A> 
利用下面指定的矩阵变换输入图像：</SPAN></P><PRE>dst(x&amp;apos;,y&amp;apos;)&lt;-src(x,y)
如果没有指定<SPAN lang=EN-US> CV_WARP_INVERSE_MAP ， (x&amp;apos;,y&amp;apos;)<SUP>T</SUP>=map_matrix•(x,y,1)<SUP>T</SUP>+b ,</SPAN>
否则，<SPAN lang=EN-US> (x, y)<SUP>T</SUP>=map_matrix•(x&amp;apos;,y&amp;apos,1)<SUP>T</SUP>+b</SPAN>
</PRE>
<P>函数与 <SPAN lang=EN-US><A 
href="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/user/LOCALS~1/Temp/FrontPageTempDir/pvw1.htm#decl_cvGetQuadrangleSubPix">cvGetQuadrangleSubPix</A> 
类似，但是不完全相同。 <A 
href="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/user/LOCALS~1/Temp/FrontPageTempDir/pvw1.htm#decl_cvWarpAffine">cvWarpAffine</A> 
要求输入和输出图像具有同样的数据类型，有更大的资源开销（因此对大图像不太合适）而且输出图像的部分可以保留不变。而 <A 
href="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/user/LOCALS~1/Temp/FrontPageTempDir/pvw1.htm#decl_cvGetQuadrangleSubPix">cvGetQuadrangleSubPix</A> 
可以精确地从8位图像中提取四边形到浮点数缓存区中，具有比较小的系统开销，而且总是全部改变输出图像的内容。</SPAN></P>
<P>要变换稀疏矩阵，使用<SPAN lang=EN-US> cxcore 中的函数 <A 
href="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/user/LOCALS~1/Temp/FrontPageTempDir/pvw1.htm#decl_cvTransform">cvTransform</A> 
。</SPAN></P>
<HR>

<H3><A name=decl_cv2DRotationMatrix>2DRotationMatrix</A></H3>
<P class=Blurb><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica">计算二维旋转的仿射变换矩阵</SPAN></P><PRE>CvMat* cv2DRotationMatrix( CvPoint2D32f center, double angle,
                           double scale, CvMat* map_matrix );
</PRE>
<P>
<DL>
  <DT>center 
  <DD>输入图像的旋转中心 
  <DT>angle 
  <DD>旋转角度（度）。正值表示逆时针旋转<SPAN lang=EN-US>(坐标原点假设在左上角).</SPAN> 
  <DT>scale 
  <DD>各项同性的尺度因子 
  <DT>map_matrix 
  <DD>输出<SPAN lang=EN-US> 2×3 矩阵的指针</SPAN> </DD></DL>
<P>函数 <SPAN lang=EN-US><A 
href="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/user/LOCALS~1/Temp/FrontPageTempDir/pvw1.htm#decl_cv2DRotationMatrix">cv2DRotationMatrix</A> 
计算矩阵:</SPAN></P><PRE>[  α  β  |  (1-α)*center.x - β*center.y ]
[ -β  α  |  β*center.x + (1-α)*center.y ]

where α=scale*cos(angle), β=scale*sin(angle)
</PRE>
<P>该变换映射旋转中心到它本身。如果这不是目的的话，应该调整平移（<SPAN lang=EN-US>Hunnish: 这段话令人费解：The 
transformation maps the rotation center to itself. If this is not the purpose, 
the shift should be adjusted）</SPAN></P>
<HR>

<H3><A name=decl_cvWarpPerspective>WarpPerspective</A></H3>
<P class=Blurb><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica">对图像进行透视变换</SPAN></P><PRE>void cvWarpPerspective( const CvArr* src, CvArr* dst, const CvMat* map_matrix,
                        int flags=CV_INTER_LINEAR+CV_WARP_FILL_OUTLIERS,
                        CvScalar fillval=cvScalarAll(0) );
</PRE>
<P>
<DL>
  <DT>src 
  <DD>输入图像. 
  <DT>dst 
  <DD>输出图像. 
  <DT>map_matrix 
  <DD><SPAN lang=EN-US>3×3 变换矩阵</SPAN> 
  <DT>flags 
  <DD>差值方法的开关选项: 
  <UL>
    <LI>CV_WARP_FILL_OUTLIERS - <SPAN 
    lang=EN-US>填充所有缩小图像的象素。如果部分象素落在输入图像的边界外，那么它们的值设定为 </SPAN><CODE><SPAN 
    lang=EN-US>fillval</SPAN></CODE><SPAN lang=EN-US>.</SPAN> 
    <LI>CV_WARP_INVERSE_MAP - <SPAN lang=EN-US>指定 </SPAN><CODE><SPAN 
    lang=EN-US>matrix</SPAN></CODE><SPAN lang=EN-US> 
    是输出图像到输入图像的反变换，因此可以直接用来做象素差值。否则, 函数从 </SPAN><CODE><SPAN 
    lang=EN-US>map_matrix 得到反变换。</SPAN></CODE> </LI></UL>
  <DT>fillval 
  <DD>用来填充边界外面的值 </DD></DL>
<P>函数 <SPAN lang=EN-US><A 
href="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/user/LOCALS~1/Temp/FrontPageTempDir/pvw1.htm#decl_cvWarpPerspective">cvWarpPerspective</A> 
利用下面指定矩阵变换输入图像：</SPAN></P><PRE>dst(x&amp;apos;,y&amp;apos;)&lt;-src(x,y)
若指定<SPAN lang=EN-US> CV_WARP_INVERSE_MAP， (tx&amp;apos;,ty&amp;apos;,t)<SUP>T</SUP>=map_matrix•(x,y,1)<SUP>T</SUP>+b</SPAN>
否则，<SPAN lang=EN-US> (tx, ty, t)<SUP>T</SUP>=map_matrix•(x&amp;apos;,y&amp;apos,1)<SUP>T</SUP>+b</SPAN>
</PRE>
<P>要变换稀疏矩阵，使用<SPAN lang=EN-US> cxcore 中的函数 <A 
href="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/user/LOCALS~1/Temp/FrontPageTempDir/pvw1.htm#decl_cvTransform">cvTransform</A> 
。</SPAN></P>
<HR>

<H3><A name=decl_cvWarpPerspectiveQMatrix>WarpPerspectiveQMatrix</A></H3>
<P class=Blurb><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica">用</SPAN><SPAN 
lang=EN-US>4</SPAN><SPAN 
style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: Helvetica; mso-hansi-font-family: Helvetica">个对应点计算透视变换矩阵</SPAN></P><PRE>CvMat* cvWarpPerspectiveQMatrix( const CvPoint2D32f* src,
                                 const CvPoint2D32f* dst,
                                 CvMat* map_matrix );
</PRE>
<P>
<DL>
  <DT>src 
  <DD>输入图像的四边形的<SPAN lang=EN-US>4个点坐标</SPAN> 
  <DT>dst 
  <DD>输出图像的对应四边形的<SPAN lang=EN-US>4个点坐标</SPAN> 
  <DT>map_matrix 
  <DD>输出的<SPAN lang=EN-US> 3×3 矩阵</SPAN> </DD></DL>
<P>函数 <SPAN lang=EN-US><A 
href="file:///C:/DOCUME~1/user/LOCALS~1/Temp/FrontPageTempDir/pvw1.htm#decl_cvWarpPerspectiveQMatrix">cvWarpPerspectiveQMatrix</A> 
计算透视变换矩阵，使得：</SPAN></P><PRE>(t<SUB>i</SUB>x'<SUB>i</SUB>,t<SUB>i</SUB>y'<SUB>i</SUB>,t<SUB>i</SUB>)<SUP>T</SUP>=matrix•(x<SUB>i</SUB>,y<SUB>i</SUB>,1)<SUP>T</SUP>
</PRE>
<P>where <CODE>dst(i)=(x'<SUB>i</SUB>,y'<SUB>i</SUB>), 
src(i)=(x<SUB>i</SUB>,y<SUB>i</SUB>), i=0..3</CODE>.</P><BR><BR>
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