16.1.htm

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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>Hyperlinked ECMA C# Language Specification</title><meta name="author" content="Jon Jagger" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="ecma334.css"></link></head><body><div align="right"><em><a href="http://www.jaggersoft.com">Jon Jagger</a></em></div><div align="right"><a href="mailto:jon@jaggersoft.com">jon@jaggersoft.com</a></div><form method="get" action="http://search.atomz.com/search/"><input size="30" name="sp-q"></input><input type="submit" value="Search C# Spec"></input><input type="hidden" name="sp-a" value="sp10024177"></input><input type="hidden" name="sp-f" value="ISO-8859-1"></input></form><a href="toc.htm">Table of Contents</a> <a href="1.htm">1</a> <a href="2.htm">2</a> <a href="3.htm">3</a> <a href="4.htm">4</a> <a href="5.htm">5</a> <a href="6.htm">6</a> <a href="7.htm">7</a> <a href="8.htm">8</a> <a href="9.htm">9</a> <a href="10.htm">10</a> <a href="11.htm">11</a> <a href="12.htm">12</a> <a href="13.htm">13</a> <a href="14.htm">14</a> <a href="15.htm">15</a> <a href="16.htm">16</a> <a href="17.htm">17</a> <a href="18.htm">18</a> <a href="19.htm">19</a> <a href="20.htm">20</a> <a href="21.htm">21</a> <a href="22.htm">22</a> <a href="23.htm">23</a> <a href="24.htm">24</a> <a href="25.htm">25</a> <a href="notes.htm">Notes</a> <a href="HyperlinkedCSharpECMA.zip">Download</a><span class="ruler"></span><span class="heading">ECMA-334 C# Language Specification</span><span class="navigate"><a href="16.htm"><img src="previous.gif" alt="previous" border="0" /></a><a href="16.2.htm"><img src="next.gif" alt="next" border="0" /></a></span><span class="clause-depth"><a href="15.htm"><img src="previous.gif" alt="previous at this level" border="0" /></a><a href="17.htm"><img src="next.gif" alt="next at this level" border="0" /></a> <span class="clause-number-link"><a href="16.htm">16</a></span><span class="clause-title-previous"> Namespaces</span></span><span class="clause-depth"><a href="16.1.htm"><img src="previous.gif" alt="previous at this level" border="0" /></a><a href="16.2.htm"><img src="next.gif" alt="next at this level" border="0" /></a> <span class="clause-number">16.1</span><span class="clause-title"> Compilation units</span></span><span class="locator">
     Paragraph 1</span><span class="paragraph"><span class="sentence"><span class="sentence-number">1</span> <a name="P1S1"></a>A <span class="non-terminal"><a href="16.1.htm#compilation-unit">compilation-unit</a></span> defines the overall structure of a source file.</span> <span class="sentence"><span class="sentence-number">2</span> <a name="P1S2"></a>A compilation unit consists of zero or more <span class="non-terminal"><a href="16.3.htm#using-directive">using-directive</a></span>s followed by zero or more <span class="non-terminal"><a href="24.2.htm#global-attributes">global-attributes</a></span> followed by zero ormore  <span class="non-terminal"><a href="16.4.htm#namespace-member-declaration">namespace-member-declaration</a></span>s.</span> <span class="grammar-production"><span class="name"><a name="compilation-unit"></a>compilation-unit</span> : <span class="rhs"><span class="non-terminal"><a href="16.3.htm#using-directives">using-directives</a></span><sub>opt</sub> <span class="non-terminal"><a href="24.2.htm#global-attributes">global-attributes</a></span><sub>opt</sub> <span class="non-terminal"><a href="16.4.htm#namespace-member-declarations">namespace-member-declarations</a></span><sub>opt</sub> </span></span></span><span class="locator">
     Paragraph 2</span><span class="paragraph"><span class="sentence"><span class="sentence-number">1</span> <a name="P2S1"></a>A C# program consists of one or more compilation units, each contained in a separate source file.</span> <span class="sentence"><span class="sentence-number">2</span> <a name="P2S2"></a>When a C# program is compiled, all of the compilation units are processed together.</span> <span class="sentence"><span class="sentence-number">3</span> <a name="P2S3"></a>Thus, compilation units can depend on each other, possibly in a circular fashion.</span> </span><span class="locator">
     Paragraph 3</span><span class="paragraph"><span class="sentence"><span class="sentence-number">1</span> <a name="P3S1"></a>The <span class="non-terminal"><a href="16.3.htm#using-directive">using-directive</a></span>s of a compilation unit affect the <span class="non-terminal"><a href="24.2.htm#global-attributes">global-attributes</a></span> and <span class="non-terminal"><a href="16.4.htm#namespace-member-declaration">namespace-member-declaration</a></span>s of that compilation unit, but have no effect on other compilation units.</span> </span><span class="locator">
     Paragraph 4</span><span class="paragraph"><span class="sentence"><span class="sentence-number">1</span> <a name="P4S1"></a>The <span class="non-terminal"><a href="24.2.htm#global-attributes">global-attributes</a></span> (<a href="24.htm">&#167;24</a>) of a compilation unit permit the specification of attributes for the target assembly.</span> <span class="sentence"><span class="sentence-number">2</span> <a name="P4S2"></a>Assemblies act as physical containers for types.</span> </span><span class="locator">
     Paragraph 5</span><span class="paragraph"><span class="sentence"><span class="sentence-number">1</span> <a name="P5S1"></a>The <span class="non-terminal"><a href="16.4.htm#namespace-member-declaration">namespace-member-declaration</a></span>s of each compilation unit of a program contribute members to a single declaration space called the global namespace.</span> <span class="example">[Example: For example: File A.cs: <pre class="code-example">
class A {}  
</pre></span></span><span class="paragraph"><span class="example">File B.cs: <pre class="code-example">
class B {}  
</pre></span></span><span class="paragraph"><span class="example">The two compilation units contribute to the single global namespace, in this case declaring two classes with the fully qualified names A and B. Because the two compilation units contribute to the same declaration space, it would have been an error if each contained a declaration of a member with the same name. end example]</span> </span><span class="ruler"></span><table><tr><td><table align="left" bgcolor="navy"><tr bgcolor="navy"><td><font face="Arial,sans-serif" size="6" color="yellow"><strong>{ JSL }</strong></font></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td><font face="Arial,sans-serif" size="2" color="navy"><strong>Jagger Software Ltd</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td><font face="Arial,sans-serif" size="2" color="navy"><strong>Company # 4070126</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td><font face="Arial,sans-serif" size="2" color="navy"><strong>VAT # 762 5213 42</strong></font></td></tr></table><img src="valid-html401.png" align="left" height="31" width="88" alt="Valid HTML 4.01" /><img src="vcss.gif" align="left" height="31" width="88" alt="Valid CSS" /></body></html>
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