14.5.2.1.htm
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>Hyperlinked ECMA C# Language Specification</title><meta name="author" content="Jon Jagger" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="ecma334.css"></link></head><body><div align="right"><em><a href="http://www.jaggersoft.com">Jon Jagger</a></em></div><div align="right"><a href="mailto:jon@jaggersoft.com">jon@jaggersoft.com</a></div><form method="get" action="http://search.atomz.com/search/"><input size="30" name="sp-q"></input><input type="submit" value="Search C# Spec"></input><input type="hidden" name="sp-a" value="sp10024177"></input><input type="hidden" name="sp-f" value="ISO-8859-1"></input></form><a href="toc.htm">Table of Contents</a> <a href="1.htm">1</a> <a href="2.htm">2</a> <a href="3.htm">3</a> <a href="4.htm">4</a> <a href="5.htm">5</a> <a href="6.htm">6</a> <a href="7.htm">7</a> <a href="8.htm">8</a> <a href="9.htm">9</a> <a href="10.htm">10</a> <a href="11.htm">11</a> <a href="12.htm">12</a> <a href="13.htm">13</a> <a href="14.htm">14</a> <a href="15.htm">15</a> <a href="16.htm">16</a> <a href="17.htm">17</a> <a href="18.htm">18</a> <a href="19.htm">19</a> <a href="20.htm">20</a> <a href="21.htm">21</a> <a href="22.htm">22</a> <a href="23.htm">23</a> <a href="24.htm">24</a> <a href="25.htm">25</a> <a href="notes.htm">Notes</a> <a href="HyperlinkedCSharpECMA.zip">Download</a><span class="ruler"></span><span class="heading">ECMA-334 C# Language Specification</span><span class="navigate"><a href="14.5.2.htm"><img src="previous.gif" alt="previous" border="0" /></a><a href="14.5.3.htm"><img src="next.gif" alt="next" border="0" /></a></span><span class="clause-depth"><a href="13.htm"><img src="previous.gif" alt="previous at this level" border="0" /></a><a href="15.htm"><img src="next.gif" alt="next at this level" border="0" /></a> <span class="clause-number-link"><a href="14.htm">14</a></span><span class="clause-title-previous"> Expressions</span></span><span class="clause-depth"><a href="14.4.htm"><img src="previous.gif" alt="previous at this level" border="0" /></a><a href="14.6.htm"><img src="next.gif" alt="next at this level" border="0" /></a> <span class="clause-number-link"><a href="14.5.htm">14.5</a></span><span class="clause-title-previous"> Primary expressions</span></span><span class="clause-depth"><a href="14.5.1.htm"><img src="previous.gif" alt="previous at this level" border="0" /></a><a href="14.5.3.htm"><img src="next.gif" alt="next at this level" border="0" /></a> <span class="clause-number-link"><a href="14.5.2.htm">14.5.2</a></span><span class="clause-title-previous"> Simple names</span></span><span class="clause-depth"><a href="14.5.2.1.htm"><img src="previous.gif" alt="previous at this level" border="0" /></a><a href="14.5.2.1.htm"><img src="next.gif" alt="next at this level" border="0" /></a> <span class="clause-number">14.5.2.1</span><span class="clause-title"> Invariant meaning in blocks</span></span><span class="locator">
Paragraph 1</span><span class="paragraph"><span class="sentence"><span class="sentence-number">1</span> <a name="P1S1"></a>For each occurrence of a given identifier as a <span class="non-terminal"><a href="14.5.2.htm#simple-name">simple-name</a></span> in an expression, every other occurrence of the same identifier as a <span class="non-terminal"><a href="14.5.2.htm#simple-name">simple-name</a></span> in an expression within the immediately enclosing block (<a href="15.2.htm">§15.2</a>) or <span class="non-terminal"><a href="15.7.2.htm#switch-block">switch-block</a></span> (<a href="15.7.2.htm">§15.7.2</a>) must refer to the same entity.</span> <span class="sentence"><span class="sentence-number">2</span> <a name="P1S2"></a>This rule ensures that the meaning of a name in the context of an expression is always the same within a block.</span> </span><span class="locator">
Paragraph 2</span><span class="paragraph"><span class="sentence"><span class="sentence-number">1</span> <a name="P2S1"></a>The example <pre class="code-example">
class Test
{
double x;
void F(bool b) {
x = 1.0;
if (b) {
int x = 1;
}
}
}
</pre>results in a compile-time error because x refers to different entities within the outer block (the extent of which includes the nested block in the if statement).</span> <span class="sentence"><span class="sentence-number">2</span> <a name="P2S2"></a>In contrast, the example <pre class="code-example">
class Test
{
double x;
void F(bool b) {
if (b) {
x = 1.0;
}
else {
int x = 1;
}
}
}
</pre>is permitted because the name x is never used in the outer block.</span> </span><span class="locator">
Paragraph 3</span><span class="paragraph"><span class="sentence"><span class="sentence-number">1</span> <a name="P3S1"></a>Note that the rule of invariant meaning applies only to simple names.</span> <span class="sentence"><span class="sentence-number">2</span> <a name="P3S2"></a>It is perfectly valid for the same identifier to have one meaning as a simple name and another meaning as right operand of a member access (<a href="14.5.4.htm">§14.5.4</a>).</span> <span class="example">[Example: For example: <pre class="code-example">
struct Point
{
int x, y;
public Point(int x, int y) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
}
}
</pre></span></span><span class="paragraph"><span class="example">The example above illustrates a common pattern of using the names of fields as parameter names in an instance constructor. In the example, the simple names x and y refer to the parameters, but that does not prevent the member access expressions this.x and this.y from accessing the fields. end example]</span> </span><span class="ruler"></span><table><tr><td><table align="left" bgcolor="navy"><tr bgcolor="navy"><td><font face="Arial,sans-serif" size="6" color="yellow"><strong>{ JSL }</strong></font></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td><font face="Arial,sans-serif" size="2" color="navy"><strong>Jagger Software Ltd</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td><font face="Arial,sans-serif" size="2" color="navy"><strong>Company # 4070126</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td><font face="Arial,sans-serif" size="2" color="navy"><strong>VAT # 762 5213 42</strong></font></td></tr></table><img src="valid-html401.png" align="left" height="31" width="88" alt="Valid HTML 4.01" /><img src="vcss.gif" align="left" height="31" width="88" alt="Valid CSS" /></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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