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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><title>Hyperlinked ECMA C# Language Specification</title><meta name="author" content="Jon Jagger" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="ecma334.css"></link></head><body><div align="right"><em><a href="http://www.jaggersoft.com">Jon Jagger</a></em></div><div align="right"><a href="mailto:jon@jaggersoft.com">jon@jaggersoft.com</a></div><form method="get" action="http://search.atomz.com/search/"><input size="30" name="sp-q"></input><input type="submit" value="Search C# Spec"></input><input type="hidden" name="sp-a" value="sp10024177"></input><input type="hidden" name="sp-f" value="ISO-8859-1"></input></form><a href="toc.htm">Table of Contents</a> <a href="1.htm">1</a> <a href="2.htm">2</a> <a href="3.htm">3</a> <a href="4.htm">4</a> <a href="5.htm">5</a> <a href="6.htm">6</a> <a href="7.htm">7</a> <a href="8.htm">8</a> <a href="9.htm">9</a> <a href="10.htm">10</a> <a href="11.htm">11</a> <a href="12.htm">12</a> <a href="13.htm">13</a> <a href="14.htm">14</a> <a href="15.htm">15</a> <a href="16.htm">16</a> <a href="17.htm">17</a> <a href="18.htm">18</a> <a href="19.htm">19</a> <a href="20.htm">20</a> <a href="21.htm">21</a> <a href="22.htm">22</a> <a href="23.htm">23</a> <a href="24.htm">24</a> <a href="25.htm">25</a> <a href="notes.htm">Notes</a> <a href="HyperlinkedCSharpECMA.zip">Download</a><span class="ruler"></span><span class="heading">ECMA-334 C# Language Specification</span><span class="navigate"><a href="8.7.1.htm"><img src="previous.gif" alt="previous" border="0" /></a><a href="8.7.3.htm"><img src="next.gif" alt="next" border="0" /></a></span><span class="clause-depth"><a href="7.htm"><img src="previous.gif" alt="previous at this level" border="0" /></a><a href="9.htm"><img src="next.gif" alt="next at this level" border="0" /></a> <span class="clause-number-link"><a href="8.htm">8</a></span><span class="clause-title-previous"> Language Overview</span></span><span class="clause-depth"><a href="8.6.htm"><img src="previous.gif" alt="previous at this level" border="0" /></a><a href="8.8.htm"><img src="next.gif" alt="next at this level" border="0" /></a> <span class="clause-number-link"><a href="8.7.htm">8.7</a></span><span class="clause-title-previous"> Classes</span></span><span class="clause-depth"><a href="8.7.1.htm"><img src="previous.gif" alt="previous at this level" border="0" /></a><a href="8.7.3.htm"><img src="next.gif" alt="next at this level" border="0" /></a> <span class="clause-number">8.7.2</span><span class="clause-title"> Fields</span></span><span class="informative"><span class="paragraph">A field is a member that represents a variable associated with an object or class. The example <pre class="code-example">
class Color
{
internal ushort redPart;
internal ushort bluePart;
internal ushort greenPart;
public Color(ushort red, ushort blue, ushort green) {
redPart = red;
bluePart = blue;
greenPart = green;
}
public static Color Red = new Color(0xFF, 0, 0);
public static Color Blue = new Color(0, 0xFF, 0);
public static Color Green = new Color(0, 0, 0xFF);
public static Color White = new Color(0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF);
}
</pre>shows a Color class that has internal instance fields named redPart, bluePart, and greenPart, and static fields named Red, Blue, Green, and White The use of static fields in this manner is not ideal. The fields are initialized at some point before they are used, but after this initialization there is nothing to stop a client from changing them. Such a modification could cause unpredictable errors in other programs that use Color and assume that the values do not change. Readonly fields can be used to prevent such problems. Assignments to a readonly field can only occur as part of the declaration, or in an instance constructor or static constructor in the same class. A static readonly field can be assigned in a static constructor, and a non-static readonly field can be assigned in an instance constructor. Thus, the Color class can be enhanced by adding the modifier readonly to the static fields: <pre class="code-example">
class Color
{
internal ushort redPart;
internal ushort bluePart;
internal ushort greenPart;
public Color(ushort red, ushort blue, ushort green) {
redPart = red;
bluePart = blue;
greenPart = green;
}
public static readonly Color Red = new Color(0xFF, 0, 0);
public static readonly Color Blue = new Color(0, 0xFF, 0);
public static readonly Color Green = new Color(0, 0, 0xFF);
public static readonly Color White = new Color(0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF);
}
</pre></span></span><span class="ruler"></span><table><tr><td><table align="left" bgcolor="navy"><tr bgcolor="navy"><td><font face="Arial,sans-serif" size="6" color="yellow"><strong>{ JSL }</strong></font></td></tr></table></td></tr><tr><td><font face="Arial,sans-serif" size="2" color="navy"><strong>Jagger Software Ltd</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td><font face="Arial,sans-serif" size="2" color="navy"><strong>Company # 4070126</strong></font></td></tr><tr><td><font face="Arial,sans-serif" size="2" color="navy"><strong>VAT # 762 5213 42</strong></font></td></tr></table><img src="valid-html401.png" align="left" height="31" width="88" alt="Valid HTML 4.01" /><img src="vcss.gif" align="left" height="31" width="88" alt="Valid CSS" /></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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