📄 sb-projects ir remote control philips rc-5.mht
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Subject: SB-Projects: IR remote control: Philips RC-5
Date: Sun, 13 Aug 2006 18:07:40 +0800
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<TD class=3Dseparator>Philips RC-5 Protocol =
</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P>The RC-5 code from Philips is possibly the most used protocol =
by=20
hobbyists, probably because of the wide availability of cheap =
remote=20
controls. <BR>The protocol is well defined for different device =
types=20
ensuring compatibility with your whole entertainment system. =
Lately=20
Philips started using a new protocol called RC-6 which has more =
features.=20
</P>
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<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD class=3Dseparator>Features </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<UL>
<LI>5 bit address and 6 bit command length (7 command bits for =
RC5X)=20
<LI>Bi-phase coding (aka Manchester coding)=20
<LI>Carrier frequency of 36kHz=20
<LI>Constant bit time of 1.778ms (64 cycles of 36 kHz)=20
<LI>Manufacturer Philips </LI></UL>
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<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD class=3Dseparator>Modulation </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P><IMG style=3D"MARGIN-RIGHT: 20px" height=3D105 alt=3D"RC5 =
Modulation"=20
src=3D"http://www.xs4all.nl/~sbp/knowledge/ir/rc5modulation.gif" =
width=3D400=20
align=3Dleft border=3D0> The protocol uses bi-phase modulation (or =
so-called=20
Manchester coding) of a 36kHz IR carrier frequency. All bits are =
of equal=20
length of 1.778ms in this protocol, with half of the bit time =
filled with=20
a burst of the 36kHz carrier and the other half being idle. A =
logical zero=20
is represented by a burst in the first half of the bit time. A =
logical one=20
is represented by a burst in the second half of the bit time. The=20
pulse/pause ratio of the 36kHz carrier frequency is 1/3 or 1/4 =
which=20
reduces power consumption. <BR clear=3Dall></P>
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<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD class=3Dseparator>Protocol </TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P>The drawing below shows a typical pulse train of an RC-5 =
message. This=20
example transmits command $35 to address $05. </P>
<P><IMG height=3D125 alt=3D"RC-5 Pulse Train"=20
src=3D"http://www.xs4all.nl/~sbp/knowledge/ir/rc5train.gif" =
width=3D420=20
border=3D0><BR clear=3Dall></P>
<P>The first two pulses are the start pulses, and are both logical =
"1".=20
Please note that half a bit time is elapsed before the receiver =
will=20
notice the real start of the message. <BR>Extended RC-5 uses only =
one=20
start bit. Bit S2 is transformed to command bit 6, providing for a =
total=20
of 7 command bits. The value of S2 must be inverted to get the 7th =
command=20
bit though! </P>
<P>The 3rd bit is a toggle bit. This bit is inverted every time a =
key is=20
released and pressed again. This way the receiver can distinguish =
between=20
a key that remains down, or is pressed repeatedly. <BR>The next 5 =
bits=20
represent the IR device address, which is sent with MSB first. The =
address=20
is followed by a 6 bit command, again sent with MSB first. <BR>A =
message=20
consists of a total of 14 bits, which adds up to a total duration =
of 25=20
ms. Sometimes a message may appear to be shorter because the first =
half of=20
the start bit S1 remains idle. And if the last bit of the message =
is a=20
logic "0" the last half bit of the message is idle too. </P>
<P>As long as a key remains down the message will be repeated =
every 114ms.=20
The toggle bit will retain the same logical level during all of =
these=20
repeated messages. It is up to the receiver software to interpret =
this=20
auto repeat feature. </P>
<P style=3D"COLOR: gray">PS: I had rather a big error on this page =
for quite=20
some time. For some mysterious reason the LSB and MSB of the =
address and=20
command were reversed. I can recall correcting this error before, =
but=20
somehow an old version of the description must have sneaked its =
way up to=20
the internet again. </P>
<TABLE cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D0 width=3D"100%" border=3D0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD class=3Dseparator>Pre-defined Commands =
</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P>Philips has created a beautiful list of "standardized" =
commands. This=20
ensures the compatibility between devices from the same brand. =
<BR>A very=20
nice feature, often to be missed with other brands, is the fact =
that most=20
devices are available twice in the table allowing you to have 2 =
VCRs=20
stacked on top of each other without having trouble addressing =
only one of=20
them with your remote control. <BR>I can only show a limited list =
of=20
standard commands, for this list is about all I know right now. =
</P>
<TABLE class=3Dparagraph>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD vAlign=3Dtop>
<TABLE cellSpacing=3D0 cellPadding=3D1 border=3D1>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<TD align=3Dmiddle =
width=3D70><STRONG>RC-5<BR>Address</STRONG></TD>
<TD align=3Dmiddle =
width=3D120><STRONG>Device</STRONG></TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD align=3Dmiddle>$00 - 0</TD>
<TD align=3Dmiddle>TV1</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD align=3Dmiddle>$01 - 1</TD>
<TD align=3Dmiddle>TV2</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD align=3Dmiddle>$02 - 2</TD>
<TD align=3Dmiddle>Teletext</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD align=3Dmiddle>$03 - 3</TD>
<TD align=3Dmiddle>Video</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD align=3Dmiddle>$04 - 4</TD>
<TD align=3Dmiddle>LV1</TD></TR>
<TR>
<TD align=3Dmiddle>$05 - 5</TD>
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