manual

给出了 zip 压缩算法的完整实现过程。

              Also possible:

                     zip -r foo  . [e-mail]

              which will only include the files in the current  directory  and
              its   subdirectories   that  match  the  patterns  in  the  file
              include.lst, one file pattern per line.

       -I     [Acorn RISC OS] Don't scan through Image files.  When used,  zip
              will  not  consider  Image  files  (eg.  DOS partitions or Spark
              archives when SparkFS is loaded) as directories but  will  store
              them as single files.

              For example, if you have SparkFS loaded, zipping a Spark archive
              will result in a zipfile containing a directory  (and  its  con-
              tent)  while  using the 'I' option will result in a zipfile con-
              taining a Spark archive. Obviously this second case will also be
              obtained (without the 'I' option) if SparkFS isn't loaded.

       -j     Store  just the name of a saved file (junk the path), and do not
              store directory names. By default, zip will store the full  path
              (relative to the current path).

       -jj    [MacOS] record Fullpath (+ Volname). The complete path including
              volume will be stored. By default  the  relative  path  will  be
              stored.

       -J     Strip any prepended data (e.g. a SFX stub) from the archive.

       -k     Attempt  to  convert  the  names  and paths to conform to MSDOS,
              store only the MSDOS attribute (just the  user  write  attribute
              from  UNIX), and mark the entry as made under MSDOS (even though
              it was not); for compatibility with PKUNZIP  under  MSDOS  which
              cannot handle certain names such as those with two dots.

       -l     Translate  the Unix end-of-line character LF into the MSDOS con-
              vention CR LF. This option should not be used on  binary  files.
              This  option can be used on Unix if the zip file is intended for
              PKUNZIP under MSDOS. If the input files already contain  CR  LF,
              this option adds an extra CR. This ensures that unzip -a on Unix
              will get back an exact copy of the original file,  to  undo  the
              effect  of  zip  -l.   See  the note on binary detection for -ll
              below.

       -ll    Translate the MSDOS end-of-line CR LF into Unix LF.  This option
              should  not be used on binary files and a warning will be issued
              when a file is converted that later is detected  to  be  binary.
              This option can be used on MSDOS if the zip file is intended for
              unzip under Unix.

              In Zip 2.31 and later, binary detection has been changed from  a
              simple  percentage  of binary characters being considered binary
              to a more selective method that should consider  files  in  many
              character  sets, including UTF-8, that only include text charac-
              ters in that character set to be text.  This allows unzip -a  to
              convert these files.

       -L     Display the zip license.

       -m     Move  the  specified  files into the zip archive; actually, this
              deletes the target directories/files after making the  specified
              zip  archive.  If a directory becomes empty after removal of the
              files, the directory is also  removed.  No  deletions  are  done
              until zip has created the archive without error.  This is useful
              for conserving disk space, but is potentially dangerous so it is
              recommended to use it in combination with -T to test the archive
              before removing all input files.

       -MM    All input patterns must match at least one file  and  all  input
              files  found  must  be readable.  Normally when an input pattern
              does not match a file the "name not matched" warning  is  issued
              and  when  an  input file has been found but later is missing or
              not readable a missing or not readable warning  is  issued.   In
              either  case zip continues creating the archive, with missing or
              unreadable new files being skipped  and  files  already  in  the
              archive  remaining  unchanged.  After the archive is created, if
              any files were not readable zip returns the OPEN error code  (18
              on most systems) instead of the normal success return (0 on most
              systems).  With -MM set, zip exits as soon as an  input  pattern
              is not matched (whenever the "name not matched" warning would be
              issued) or when an input file is not readable.  In  either  case
              zip exits with an OPEN error and no archive is created.

              This option is useful when a known list of files is to be zipped
              so any missing or unreadable files will result in an error.   It
              is less useful when used with wildcards, but zip will still exit
              with an error if any input pattern doesn't match  at  least  one
              file  and  if  any matched files are unreadable.  If you want to
              create the archive anyway and only need to know  if  files  were
              skipped, don't use -MM and just check the return code.

       -n suffixes
              Do  not attempt to compress files named with the given suffixes.
              Such files are simply stored (0% compression) in the output  zip
              file,  so  that  zip  doesn't  waste its time trying to compress
              them.  The suffixes are separated  by  either  colons  or  semi-
              colons.  For example:

                     zip -rn .Z:.zip:.tiff:.gif:.snd  foo foo

              will  copy  everything from foo into foo.zip, but will store any
              files that end in .Z, .zip, .tiff, .gif, or .snd without  trying
              to  compress  them  (image  and sound files often have their own
              specialized compression methods).  By default, zip does not com-
              press      files     with     extensions     in     the     list
              .Z:.zip:.zoo:.arc:.lzh:.arj.  Such files are stored directly  in
              the output archive.  The environment variable ZIPOPT can be used
              to change the default options. For example under Unix with csh:

                     setenv ZIPOPT "-n .gif:.zip"

              To attempt compression on all files, use:

                     zip -n : foo

              The maximum compression option -9 also attempts  compression  on
              all files regardless of extension.

              On  Acorn RISC OS systems the suffixes are actually filetypes (3
              hex digit format). By default, zip does not compress files  with
              filetypes  in the list DDC:D96:68E (i.e. Archives, CFS files and
              PackDir files).

       -N     [Amiga, MacOS] Save Amiga or MacOS  filenotes  as  zipfile  com-
              ments.  They can be restored by using the -N option of unzip. If
              -c is used also, you are prompted for comments  only  for  those
              files that do not have filenotes.

       -o     Set  the  "last  modified" time of the zip archive to the latest
              (oldest) "last modified" time found among the entries in the zip
              archive.   This  can  be  used  without any other operations, if
              desired.  For example:

                     zip -o foo

              will change the last modified time of foo.zip to the latest time
              of the entries in foo.zip.

       -P password
              use password to encrypt zipfile entries (if any).  THIS IS INSE-
              CURE!  Many multi-user operating systems provide  ways  for  any
              user  to see the current command line of any other user; even on
              stand-alone systems there is  always  the  threat  of  over-the-
              shoulder  peeking.   Storing the plaintext password as part of a
              command line in an automated script  is  even  worse.   Whenever
              possible, use the non-echoing, interactive prompt to enter pass-
              words.  (And where  security  is  truly  important,  use  strong
              encryption such as Pretty Good Privacy instead of the relatively
              weak encryption provided by standard zipfile utilities.)

       -q     Quiet  mode;  eliminate  informational  messages   and   comment
              prompts.   (Useful, for example, in shell scripts and background
              tasks).

       -Qn    [QDOS] store information about the file in the file header  with
              n defined as
              bit  0: Don't add headers for any file
              bit  1: Add headers for all files
              bit  2: Don't wait for interactive key press on exit

       -r     Travel the directory structure recursively; for example:

                     zip -r foo.zip foo

              or a bit more concisely

                     zip -r foo foo

              In  this case, all the files and directories in foo are saved in
              a zip archive named foo.zip, including files with names starting
              with ".", since the recursion does not use the shell's file-name
              substitution mechanism.  If you wish to include only a  specific
              subset of the files in directory foo and its subdirectories, use
              the -i option to specify the pattern of files  to  be  included.
              You  should  not  use  -r with the name ".*", since that matches
              ".."  which will attempt to zip up the parent directory  (proba-
              bly not what was intended).

       -R     Travel  the directory structure recursively starting at the cur-
              rent directory; for example:

                     zip -R foo '*.c'

              In this case, all the files matching *.c in the tree starting at
              the  current  directory  are  stored  into  a  zip archive named
              foo.zip.  Note for PKZIP users: the equivalent command is

                     pkzip -rP foo *.c

       -S     [MSDOS, OS/2, WIN32 and ATARI] Include system and hidden  files.
              [MacOS]  Includes finder invisible files, which are ignored oth-
              erwise.

       -t mmddyyyy
              Do not operate on files modified prior to  the  specified  date,
              where mm is the month (0-12), dd is the day of the month (1-31),
              and yyyy is the year.  The ISO 8601 date  format  yyyy-mm-dd  is
              also accepted.  For example:

                     zip -rt 12071991 infamy foo

                     zip -rt 1991-12-07 infamy foo

              will  add  all the files in foo and its subdirectories that were
              last modified on or after 7 December 1991, to  the  zip  archive
              infamy.zip.

       -tt mmddyyyy
              Do not operate on files modified after or at the specified date,
              where mm is the month (0-12), dd is the day of the month (1-31),
              and  yyyy  is  the year.  The ISO 8601 date format yyyy-mm-dd is
              also accepted.  For example:

                     zip -rtt 11301995 infamy foo

                     zip -rtt 1995-11-30 infamy foo

              will add all the files in foo and its subdirectories  that  were
              last  modified  before  30  November  1995,  to  the zip archive
              infamy.zip.

       -T     Test the integrity of the new zip file. If the check fails,  the
              old  zip  file  is  unchanged  and (with the -m option) no input
              files are removed.

       -u     Replace (update) an existing entry in the zip archive only if it
              has  been modified more recently than the version already in the
              zip archive.  For example:

                     zip -u stuff *

              will add any new files in the current directory, and update  any
              files  which  have been modified since the zip archive stuff.zip
              was last created/modified (note that zip will not  try  to  pack
              stuff.zip into itself when you do this).

              Note  that  the  -u  option  with  no arguments acts like the -f
              (freshen) option.

       -v     Verbose mode or print diagnostic version info.

              Normally, when applied to real operations, this  option  enables
              the  display  of  a  progress  indicator  during compression and
              requests verbose diagnostic info about zipfile  structure  oddi-
              ties.

              When  -v  is the only command line argument, and either stdin or
              stdout is not redirected to  a  file,  a  diagnostic  screen  is
              printed.  In  addition  to  the  help screen header with program
              name, version, and release date, some pointers to  the  Info-ZIP
              home  and  distribution sites are given. Then, it shows informa-
              tion about the target environment (compiler type and version, OS
              version, compilation date and the enabled optional features used
              to create the zip executable.

       -V     [VMS] Save VMS file  attributes  and  use  portable  form.   zip
              archives created with this option are truncated at EOF but still
              may not be usable on other systems depending on the  file  types
              being zipped.

       -VV    [VMS]  Save VMS file attributes.  zip archives created with this
              option include the entire file and should be  able  to  recreate
              most  VMS files on VMS systems but these archives will generally
              not be usable on other systems.

       -w     [VMS] Append the version  number  of  the  files  to  the  name,
              including  multiple  versions  of files.  (default: use only the
              most recent version of a specified file).

       -x files
              Explicitly exclude the specified files, as in:

                     zip -r foo foo -x \*.o

              which will include the contents of foo in foo.zip while  exclud-
              ing  all  the  files  that  end in .o.  The backslash avoids the
              shell filename substitution, so that the name matching  is  per-
              formed  by  zip  at  all directory levels.  If you do not escape
              wildcards in patterns it may seem to work but files in subdirec-
              tories will not be checked for matches.