低频磁场的屏蔽.htm

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<body lang=ZH-CN link=blue vlink=blue style='tab-interval:21.0pt;text-justify-trim:
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<div class=Section1 style='layout-grid:15.6pt'>

<p align=center style='text-align:center'><strong>低频磁场的屏蔽</strong><span
lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p>　　对于许多人而言，低频磁场干扰是一种最难对付的干扰，这种干扰是由直流电流或交流电流产生的。例如，由于炼钢的感应炉中有数万安培的电流，会在周围产生很强的磁场，这个强磁场会使控制系统中的磁敏感器件失灵，最常见的磁敏感设备是彩色<span
lang=EN-US>CRT显示器。在磁场的作用下，显示器屏幕上的图象会发生抖动、图象颜色会失真，导致显示质量严重降低，甚至无法使用。低频磁场往往随距离的衰减很快，因此在很多场合，将磁敏感器件远离磁场源是一个减小磁场干扰的十分有效的措施。但当空间的限制而无法采取这个措施时，屏蔽是一个十分有效的措施。但要注意的是，低频磁场屏蔽与与射频屏蔽是完全不同的，射频屏蔽可以用铍铜复合材料、银、锡或铝等材料，但这些材料对磁场没有任何屏蔽作用。只有高导磁率的铁磁合金能屏蔽磁场。<o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p><strong><span lang=EN-US>1.基本原理</span></strong><span lang=EN-US><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p>　　根据电磁屏蔽的基本原理，低频磁场由于其频率低，趋肤效应很小，吸收损耗很小，并且由于其波阻抗很低，反射损耗也很小，因此单纯靠吸收和反射很难获得需要的屏蔽效能。对这种低频磁场，要通过使用高导磁率材料提供磁旁路来实现屏蔽，如图<span
lang=EN-US>1所示。由于屏蔽材料的导磁率很高，因此为磁场提供了一条磁阻很低的通路，因此空间的磁场会集中在屏蔽材料中，从而使敏感器件免受磁场干扰。<o:p></o:p></span></p>

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