usb.c

h内核

/*
 * drivers/usb/usb.c
 *
 * (C) Copyright Linus Torvalds 1999
 * (C) Copyright Johannes Erdfelt 1999-2001
 * (C) Copyright Andreas Gal 1999
 * (C) Copyright Gregory P. Smith 1999
 * (C) Copyright Deti Fliegl 1999 (new USB architecture)
 * (C) Copyright Randy Dunlap 2000
 * (C) Copyright David Brownell 2000-2004
 * (C) Copyright Yggdrasil Computing, Inc. 2000
 *     (usb_device_id matching changes by Adam J. Richter)
 * (C) Copyright Greg Kroah-Hartman 2002-2003
 *
 * NOTE! This is not actually a driver at all, rather this is
 * just a collection of helper routines that implement the
 * generic USB things that the real drivers can use..
 *
 * Think of this as a "USB library" rather than anything else.
 * It should be considered a slave, with no callbacks. Callbacks
 * are evil.
 */

#include <linux/config.h>

#ifdef CONFIG_USB_DEBUG
	#define DEBUG
#else
	#undef DEBUG
#endif

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>  /* for in_interrupt() */
#include <linux/kmod.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
#include <linux/rwsem.h>
#include <linux/usb.h>

#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/scatterlist.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/dma-mapping.h>

#include "hcd.h"
#include "usb.h"

extern int  usb_hub_init(void);
extern void usb_hub_cleanup(void);
extern int usb_major_init(void);
extern void usb_major_cleanup(void);
extern int usb_host_init(void);
extern void usb_host_cleanup(void);


const char *usbcore_name = "usbcore";

int nousb;		/* Disable USB when built into kernel image */
			/* Not honored on modular build */

static DECLARE_RWSEM(usb_all_devices_rwsem);


static int generic_probe (struct device *dev)
{
	return 0;
}
static int generic_remove (struct device *dev)
{
	return 0;
}

static struct device_driver usb_generic_driver = {
	.owner = THIS_MODULE,
	.name =	"usb",
	.bus = &usb_bus_type,
	.probe = generic_probe,
	.remove = generic_remove,
};

static int usb_generic_driver_data;

/* called from driver core with usb_bus_type.subsys writelock */
int usb_probe_interface(struct device *dev)
{
	struct usb_interface * intf = to_usb_interface(dev);
	struct usb_driver * driver = to_usb_driver(dev->driver);
	const struct usb_device_id *id;
	int error = -ENODEV;

	dev_dbg(dev, "%s\n", __FUNCTION__);

	if (!driver->probe)
		return error;
	/* FIXME we'd much prefer to just resume it ... */
	if (interface_to_usbdev(intf)->state == USB_STATE_SUSPENDED)
		return -EHOSTUNREACH;

	id = usb_match_id (intf, driver->id_table);
	if (id) {
		dev_dbg (dev, "%s - got id\n", __FUNCTION__);
		intf->condition = USB_INTERFACE_BINDING;
		error = driver->probe (intf, id);
		intf->condition = error ? USB_INTERFACE_UNBOUND :
				USB_INTERFACE_BOUND;
	}

	return error;
}

/* called from driver core with usb_bus_type.subsys writelock */
int usb_unbind_interface(struct device *dev)
{
	struct usb_interface *intf = to_usb_interface(dev);
	struct usb_driver *driver = to_usb_driver(intf->dev.driver);

	intf->condition = USB_INTERFACE_UNBINDING;

	/* release all urbs for this interface */
	usb_disable_interface(interface_to_usbdev(intf), intf);

	if (driver && driver->disconnect)
		driver->disconnect(intf);

	/* reset other interface state */
	usb_set_interface(interface_to_usbdev(intf),
			intf->altsetting[0].desc.bInterfaceNumber,
			0);
	usb_set_intfdata(intf, NULL);
	intf->condition = USB_INTERFACE_UNBOUND;

	return 0;
}

/**
 * usb_register - register a USB driver
 * @new_driver: USB operations for the driver
 *
 * Registers a USB driver with the USB core.  The list of unattached
 * interfaces will be rescanned whenever a new driver is added, allowing
 * the new driver to attach to any recognized devices.
 * Returns a negative error code on failure and 0 on success.
 * 
 * NOTE: if you want your driver to use the USB major number, you must call
 * usb_register_dev() to enable that functionality.  This function no longer
 * takes care of that.
 */
int usb_register(struct usb_driver *new_driver)
{
	int retval = 0;

	if (nousb)
		return -ENODEV;

	new_driver->driver.name = (char *)new_driver->name;
	new_driver->driver.bus = &usb_bus_type;
	new_driver->driver.probe = usb_probe_interface;
	new_driver->driver.remove = usb_unbind_interface;
	new_driver->driver.owner = new_driver->owner;

	usb_lock_all_devices();
	retval = driver_register(&new_driver->driver);
	usb_unlock_all_devices();

	if (!retval) {
		pr_info("%s: registered new driver %s\n",
			usbcore_name, new_driver->name);
		usbfs_update_special();
	} else {
		printk(KERN_ERR "%s: error %d registering driver %s\n",
			usbcore_name, retval, new_driver->name);
	}

	return retval;
}

/**
 * usb_deregister - unregister a USB driver
 * @driver: USB operations of the driver to unregister
 * Context: must be able to sleep
 *
 * Unlinks the specified driver from the internal USB driver list.
 * 
 * NOTE: If you called usb_register_dev(), you still need to call
 * usb_deregister_dev() to clean up your driver's allocated minor numbers,
 * this * call will no longer do it for you.
 */
void usb_deregister(struct usb_driver *driver)
{
	pr_info("%s: deregistering driver %s\n", usbcore_name, driver->name);

	usb_lock_all_devices();
	driver_unregister (&driver->driver);
	usb_unlock_all_devices();

	usbfs_update_special();
}

/**
 * usb_ifnum_to_if - get the interface object with a given interface number
 * @dev: the device whose current configuration is considered
 * @ifnum: the desired interface
 *
 * This walks the device descriptor for the currently active configuration
 * and returns a pointer to the interface with that particular interface
 * number, or null.
 *
 * Note that configuration descriptors are not required to assign interface
 * numbers sequentially, so that it would be incorrect to assume that
 * the first interface in that descriptor corresponds to interface zero.
 * This routine helps device drivers avoid such mistakes.
 * However, you should make sure that you do the right thing with any
 * alternate settings available for this interfaces.
 *
 * Don't call this function unless you are bound to one of the interfaces
 * on this device or you have locked the device!
 */
struct usb_interface *usb_ifnum_to_if(struct usb_device *dev, unsigned ifnum)
{
	struct usb_host_config *config = dev->actconfig;
	int i;

	if (!config)
		return NULL;
	for (i = 0; i < config->desc.bNumInterfaces; i++)
		if (config->interface[i]->altsetting[0]
				.desc.bInterfaceNumber == ifnum)
			return config->interface[i];

	return NULL;
}

/**
 * usb_altnum_to_altsetting - get the altsetting structure with a given
 *	alternate setting number.
 * @intf: the interface containing the altsetting in question
 * @altnum: the desired alternate setting number
 *
 * This searches the altsetting array of the specified interface for
 * an entry with the correct bAlternateSetting value and returns a pointer
 * to that entry, or null.
 *
 * Note that altsettings need not be stored sequentially by number, so
 * it would be incorrect to assume that the first altsetting entry in
 * the array corresponds to altsetting zero.  This routine helps device
 * drivers avoid such mistakes.
 *
 * Don't call this function unless you are bound to the intf interface
 * or you have locked the device!
 */
struct usb_host_interface *usb_altnum_to_altsetting(struct usb_interface *intf,
		unsigned int altnum)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < intf->num_altsetting; i++) {
		if (intf->altsetting[i].desc.bAlternateSetting == altnum)
			return &intf->altsetting[i];
	}
	return NULL;
}

/**
 * usb_driver_claim_interface - bind a driver to an interface
 * @driver: the driver to be bound
 * @iface: the interface to which it will be bound; must be in the
 *	usb device's active configuration
 * @priv: driver data associated with that interface
 *
 * This is used by usb device drivers that need to claim more than one
 * interface on a device when probing (audio and acm are current examples).
 * No device driver should directly modify internal usb_interface or
 * usb_device structure members.
 *
 * Few drivers should need to use this routine, since the most natural
 * way to bind to an interface is to return the private data from
 * the driver's probe() method.
 *
 * Callers must own the device lock and the driver model's usb_bus_type.subsys
 * writelock.  So driver probe() entries don't need extra locking,
 * but other call contexts may need to explicitly claim those locks.
 */
int usb_driver_claim_interface(struct usb_driver *driver,
				struct usb_interface *iface, void* priv)
{
	struct device *dev = &iface->dev;

	if (dev->driver)
		return -EBUSY;

	dev->driver = &driver->driver;
	usb_set_intfdata(iface, priv);
	iface->condition = USB_INTERFACE_BOUND;

	/* if interface was already added, bind now; else let
	 * the future device_add() bind it, bypassing probe()
	 */
	if (!list_empty (&dev->bus_list))
		device_bind_driver(dev);

	return 0;
}

/**
 * usb_driver_release_interface - unbind a driver from an interface
 * @driver: the driver to be unbound
 * @iface: the interface from which it will be unbound
 *
 * This can be used by drivers to release an interface without waiting
 * for their disconnect() methods to be called.  In typical cases this
 * also causes the driver disconnect() method to be called.
 *
 * This call is synchronous, and may not be used in an interrupt context.
 * Callers must own the device lock and the driver model's usb_bus_type.subsys
 * writelock.  So driver disconnect() entries don't need extra locking,
 * but other call contexts may need to explicitly claim those locks.
 */
void usb_driver_release_interface(struct usb_driver *driver,
					struct usb_interface *iface)
{
	struct device *dev = &iface->dev;

	/* this should never happen, don't release something that's not ours */
	if (!dev->driver || dev->driver != &driver->driver)
		return;

	/* don't disconnect from disconnect(), or before dev_add() */
	if (!list_empty (&dev->driver_list) && !list_empty (&dev->bus_list))
		device_release_driver(dev);

	dev->driver = NULL;
	usb_set_intfdata(iface, NULL);
	iface->condition = USB_INTERFACE_UNBOUND;
}

/**
 * usb_match_id - find first usb_device_id matching device or interface
 * @interface: the interface of interest
 * @id: array of usb_device_id structures, terminated by zero entry
 *
 * usb_match_id searches an array of usb_device_id's and returns
 * the first one matching the device or interface, or null.
 * This is used when binding (or rebinding) a driver to an interface.
 * Most USB device drivers will use this indirectly, through the usb core,
 * but some layered driver frameworks use it directly.
 * These device tables are exported with MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE, through
 * modutils and "modules.usbmap", to support the driver loading
 * functionality of USB hotplugging.
 *
 * What Matches:
 *
 * The "match_flags" element in a usb_device_id controls which
 * members are used.  If the corresponding bit is set, the
 * value in the device_id must match its corresponding member
 * in the device or interface descriptor, or else the device_id
 * does not match.
 *
 * "driver_info" is normally used only by device drivers,
 * but you can create a wildcard "matches anything" usb_device_id
 * as a driver's "modules.usbmap" entry if you provide an id with
 * only a nonzero "driver_info" field.  If you do this, the USB device
 * driver's probe() routine should use additional intelligence to
 * decide whether to bind to the specified interface.
 * 
 * What Makes Good usb_device_id Tables:
 *
 * The match algorithm is very simple, so that intelligence in
 * driver selection must come from smart driver id records.
 * Unless you have good reasons to use another selection policy,
 * provide match elements only in related groups, and order match
 * specifiers from specific to general.  Use the macros provided
 * for that purpose if you can.
 *
 * The most specific match specifiers use device descriptor
 * data.  These are commonly used with product-specific matches;
 * the USB_DEVICE macro lets you provide vendor and product IDs,
 * and you can also match against ranges of product revisions.
 * These are widely used for devices with application or vendor
 * specific bDeviceClass values.
 *
 * Matches based on device class/subclass/protocol specifications
 * are slightly more general; use the USB_DEVICE_INFO macro, or
 * its siblings.  These are used with single-function devices
 * where bDeviceClass doesn't specify that each interface has
 * its own class. 
 *
 * Matches based on interface class/subclass/protocol are the
 * most general; they let drivers bind to any interface on a
 * multiple-function device.  Use the USB_INTERFACE_INFO
 * macro, or its siblings, to match class-per-interface style 
 * devices (as recorded in bDeviceClass).
 *  
 * Within those groups, remember that not all combinations are
 * meaningful.  For example, don't give a product version range
 * without vendor and product IDs; or specify a protocol without
 * its associated class and subclass.
 */   
const struct usb_device_id *
usb_match_id(struct usb_interface *interface, const struct usb_device_id *id)
{
	struct usb_host_interface *intf;
	struct usb_device *dev;

	/* proc_connectinfo in devio.c may call us with id == NULL. */
	if (id == NULL)
		return NULL;

	intf = interface->cur_altsetting;
	dev = interface_to_usbdev(interface);

	/* It is important to check that id->driver_info is nonzero,
	   since an entry that is all zeroes except for a nonzero
	   id->driver_info is the way to create an entry that
	   indicates that the driver want to examine every
	   device and interface. */
	for (; id->idVendor || id->bDeviceClass || id->bInterfaceClass ||
	       id->driver_info; id++) {

		if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_VENDOR) &&
		    id->idVendor != le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idVendor))
			continue;

		if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_PRODUCT) &&
		    id->idProduct != le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.idProduct))
			continue;

		/* No need to test id->bcdDevice_lo != 0, since 0 is never
		   greater than any unsigned number. */
		if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_LO) &&
		    (id->bcdDevice_lo > le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.bcdDevice)))
			continue;

		if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_HI) &&
		    (id->bcdDevice_hi < le16_to_cpu(dev->descriptor.bcdDevice)))
			continue;

		if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_CLASS) &&
		    (id->bDeviceClass != dev->descriptor.bDeviceClass))
			continue;

		if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_SUBCLASS) &&
		    (id->bDeviceSubClass!= dev->descriptor.bDeviceSubClass))
			continue;

		if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_DEV_PROTOCOL) &&
		    (id->bDeviceProtocol != dev->descriptor.bDeviceProtocol))
			continue;

		if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_CLASS) &&
		    (id->bInterfaceClass != intf->desc.bInterfaceClass))
			continue;

		if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_SUBCLASS) &&
		    (id->bInterfaceSubClass != intf->desc.bInterfaceSubClass))
			continue;

		if ((id->match_flags & USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_PROTOCOL) &&
		    (id->bInterfaceProtocol != intf->desc.bInterfaceProtocol))
			continue;

		return id;
	}

	return NULL;
}

/**
 * usb_find_interface - find usb_interface pointer for driver and device
 * @drv: the driver whose current configuration is considered
 * @minor: the minor number of the desired device
 *
 * This walks the driver device list and returns a pointer to the interface 
 * with the matching minor.  Note, this only works for devices that share the
 * USB major number.
 */
struct usb_interface *usb_find_interface(struct usb_driver *drv, int minor)
{
	struct list_head *entry;
	struct device *dev;
	struct usb_interface *intf;

	list_for_each(entry, &drv->driver.devices) {
		dev = container_of(entry, struct device, driver_list);

		/* can't look at usb devices, only interfaces */
		if (dev->driver == &usb_generic_driver)
			continue;

		intf = to_usb_interface(dev);
		if (intf->minor == -1)
			continue;
		if (intf->minor == minor)
			return intf;
	}

	/* no device found that matches */
	return NULL;	
}

static int usb_device_match (struct device *dev, struct device_driver *drv)
{
	struct usb_interface *intf;
	struct usb_driver *usb_drv;
	const struct usb_device_id *id;

	/* check for generic driver, which we don't match any device with */
	if (drv == &usb_generic_driver)
		return 0;