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<title>操作系统－第八章</title>
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<td width="100%" align="center" height="53" colspan="2"><font size="5" face="黑体" color="#FFFFFF"><font LANG="ZH-CN">第八章</font>
文件系统
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<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="#ch81">8．1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>文件和文件系统</a><o:p>
</o:p>
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<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="#ch82">8．2<span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">
</span>文件的逻辑结构</a><o:p>
</o:p>
</font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="#ch83">8．3<span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">
</span>目录管理</a><o:p>
</o:p>
</font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" lang="EN-US"><a href="#ch84">8．4
文件共享</a></span></font></p>
<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="#ch85">8．5<span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">
</span>文件保护</a><o:p>
</o:p>
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<p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><o:p>
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<td width="18%" align="center" height="39"><font LANG="ZH-CN" color="#FFFFFF">作业：</font></td>
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<p align="center"><font color="#FFFFFF"> <span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><a name="ch81"></a>8．1<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>文件和文件系统<o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo24"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体">1．</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">文件、记录和数据项</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">⑴数据项——基本数据项、组合数据项</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">⑵记录——是一组相关数据项的集合，用于描述一个对象某方面的属性。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">⑶文件——是具有文件名的一组相关信息的集合，可分为有结构文件和无结构文件两种。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">文件属性：类型、长度、物理位置、存取控制、建立时间</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo24"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体">2．</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">文件类型</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">（主要看逻辑结构和物理结构）</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">按用途分类——系统文件、用户文件、库文件</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">按文件中的数据形式分类——源文件、目标文件、可执行文件</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">按存取控制属性分类——只执行文件、只读文件、读写文件</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">按文件的逻辑结构分类——有结构文件、无结构文件</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">按文件的物理结构分类——顺序文件、链接文件、索引文件</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo24"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体">3．</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">文件系统的模型（层次模型）</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">⑴对象及其属性说明——文件、目录、磁盘（磁带）存储空间</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">⑵对对象操纵和管理的软件集合——</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">I/O</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">控制层、基本文件系统、基本</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">I/O</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">管理程序、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">逻辑文件系统</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">⑶文件系统的接口——命令接口、程序接口</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l24 level1 lfo24"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体">4．</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman">文件操作</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">⑴对记录的操作——检索所有记录、检索单个记录、插入一个记录、修改一个记录、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">删除一个记录</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">⑵对文件的操作——创建文件、删除文件、读文件、写文件、截断文件、设置文件的读</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
</o:p>
</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
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