ch1.htm

汤子瀛《操作系统》电子教案

    <p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;   
    </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑷实时任务类型：</span></font></p>
    <p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;   
    </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">按任务执行时是否出现周期划分：周期性实时任务、非周期性实时任务。</span></font></p>
    <p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;   
    </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">根据对截止时间的要求划分：硬实时任务、软实时任务。</span></font></p>
    <p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;   
    </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑸实时系统与分时系统的比较</span></font></p>
    <p style="TEXT-INDENT: 24pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font color="#FFFFFF">多路性、独立性、及时性、交互性、可靠性</font></span></p>
    <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">6．</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">通用操作系统：多道批处理、分时、实时的结合。</span><span lang="EN-US">UNIX</span></font></p>
    <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">7．</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">微机操作系统</span></font></p>
    <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">8．</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">多处理机操作系统</span></font></p>
    <p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;   
    </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑴多处理机系统的引入：增加系统的吞吐量、节省投资、提高系统的可靠性。</span></font></p>
    <p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;   
    </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑵多处理机的类型：紧密耦合、松散耦合</span></font></p>
    <p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;   
    </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑶多处理机操作系统的类型：非对称多处理模式、对称多处理模式</span></font></p>
    <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">9．</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">网络操作系统</span></font></p>
    <p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;   
    </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑴计算机网络类型：</span></font></p>
    <p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;   
    </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">按网络拓扑结构分类：星型网络、树型网络、总线型网络、网状型网络</span></font></p>
    <p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;   
    </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">按网络地理范围分类：广域网、局域网</span></font></p>
    <p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;   
    </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑵网络操作系统模式：客户</span><span lang="EN-US">/</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">服务器（</span><span lang="EN-US">C/S</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）模式、对等模式</span></font></p>
    <p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;   
    &nbsp;</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑶网络操作系统的功能：网络通信、资源管理、网络服务、网络管理、互操作能力。</span></font></p>
    <p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">10</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．分布式操作系统</span></font></p>
    <p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;   
    </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑴分布式系统</span></font></p>
    <p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;   
    </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑵分布式操作系统和网络操作系统的比较</span></font></p>
    <p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;   
    </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">分布性、并行性、透明性、共享性、健壮性</span></font></p>
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      <p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><font size="4" color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><a name="ch13"></a>1   
      </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">．</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">3</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">操作系统的特征和服务</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
      </o:p>
      </span></span></font></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">1.   
      </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统的特征：并发、共享、虚拟、异步性</span></font></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font color="#FFFFFF">并发性、并行性的概念</font></span></p>
      <p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;&nbsp;   
      </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">共享有互斥式共享、同时访问方式</span></font></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">2.   
      </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作系统的服务</span></font></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑴公共服务类型：程序执行、</span><span lang="EN-US">I/O</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">操作、文件系统操纵、通信、差错检测</span></font></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font color="#FFFFFF">⑵系统调用</font></span></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;   
      </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">作用：</span></font></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">&nbsp;   
      </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">类型：进程控制类系统调用、文件操纵类系统调用、设备管理类系统调用、通信用系统调用、信息维护</span></font></p>
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      <p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><font size="4" color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><a name="ch14"></a>1   
      </span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">．</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt">4</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-hansi-font-family: Times New Roman">操作系统的功能</span><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
      </o:p>
      </span></span></font></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">1．</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">存储器管理的功能</span></font></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font color="#FFFFFF">内存分配、内存保护、地址映射</font></span></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font color="#FFFFFF">逻辑地址、物理地址的定义</font></span></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">2．</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">处理机管理的功能</span></font></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font color="#FFFFFF">进程控制、进程同步、进程通信、调度</font></span></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">3．</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">设备管理的功能</span></font></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font color="#FFFFFF">缓冲管理、设备分配、设备处理、设备独立性和虚拟设备</font></span></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">4．</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">文件管理的功能</span></font></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font color="#FFFFFF">文件存储空间的管理、目录管理、文件的读、写管理和存取控制</font></span></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt; TEXT-INDENT: -18pt; tab-stops: list 18.0pt; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo6"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">5．</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">用户接口</span></font></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font color="#FFFFFF">命令接口、程序接口、图形接口</font></span></p>
      <p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 18pt">　</td>
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