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</span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">管程机制</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
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<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">1</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．管程的引入：</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">2</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．管程的基本概念：</span></font></p>
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</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑴管程的定义：</span></font></p>
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</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑵条件变量</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">3</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．利用管程解决生产者</span><span lang="EN-US">----</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">消费者问题</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 16.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -16.5pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 16.5pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">4．<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">利用管程解决哲学家进餐问题</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 16.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -16.5pt; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list 16.5pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">5．<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">利用管程解决读者写者问题：（孙钟秀）</span></font></p>
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<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 24pt; TEXT-INDENT: -24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo2; tab-stops: list 24.0pt" align="center"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><a name="ch35"></a>3.5<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">进程通信</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt"><o:p>
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<p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font color="#FFFFFF">进程通信的定义：进程间的信息交换。</font></span></p>
<p><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font color="#FFFFFF">进程通信：</font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font color="#FFFFFF">低级进程通信：少量的信息交换，没有专门的通信机制，如信号量机制</font></span></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">缺点：效率低，通信对用户不透明</span></font></p>
<p style="TEXT-INDENT: 21.75pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font color="#FFFFFF">高级进程通信：大量的信息交换，有专门的通信机制</font></span></p>
<p><span lang="EN-US"><font color="#FFFFFF"> <o:p>
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<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 16.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -16.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list 16.5pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font color="#FFFFFF">1．<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</span></font></span><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">进程的通信类型：</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 16.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font color="#FFFFFF">⑴共享存储器系统</font></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 16.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font color="#FFFFFF">①基于共享数据结构的通信方式：</font></span></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 16.5pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font color="#FFFFFF">②基于共享存储区的通信方式：</font></span></p>
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</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑵消息传递系统：</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">
</span>message</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为传递单位</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">直接通信方式和间接通信方式（信箱方式）</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑶管道通信</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 16.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -16.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list 16.5pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">2．<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">直接通信和间接通信方式</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑴直接通信方式：</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑵间接通信方式：</span></font></p>
<p style="MARGIN-LEFT: 16.5pt; TEXT-INDENT: -16.5pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list 16.5pt"><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">3．<span style="FONT: 7pt 'Times New Roman'">
</span></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">消息传递系统的几个问题：</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑴通信链路</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑵消息的格式</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑶进程的同步方式</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">①发送进程阻塞，接收进程阻塞；</span></font></p>
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</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">②发送进程不阻塞，接收进程阻塞；</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US">
</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">③发送进程和接收进程均不阻塞；</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span lang="EN-US">4</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．消息缓冲队列机制</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑴消息缓冲队列机制中的数据结构：</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑵发送原语</span></font></p>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes" lang="EN-US"> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">⑶接收原语</span></font></p>
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