rxcver.v

串口源码,实现接收发送功能,简单易懂,配仿真源程序

/*******************************************************************
 *
 *    DESCRIPTION: UART receiver module. 
 *
 *    AUTHOR: Thomas Oelsner
 *
 *    HISTORY: 10/04/96    
 *
 *******************************************************************/
module rxcver (mclkx16, read, rx, reset, rxrdy, parityerr, framingerr, overrun, data);

input       mclkx16;		// Input clock, 16 x baudrate clock used for synchronisation.
input       read;			// Read strobe.
input	      rx;		  	// Receive input line.  
input	      reset;		// Global Reset.


// receive status & error signals
output      rxrdy;		   						   // Received data ready to be read.
output      parityerr; 		reg	parityerr;	   // Receiver parity error detected.
output      framingerr;		reg	framingerr;	   // Receiver framing error detected.
output      overrun;			reg	overrun;		   // Receiver overrun error detected. 

// 8 bit latched output data bus.
output      [7:0] data;		reg 	[7:0]data;	   // 8 bit output data bus

// Internal control signals.
reg         [3:0] rxcnt;    						   // Count of clock cycles
reg         rx1, read1, read2, idle1, hunt;     // Delayed versions of rx, read, idle, and last hunting for start bit flag.

// Receive shift register bits
reg			[7:0] rhr;	         // Receive hold register
reg 			[7:0] rsr;  	      // Receive seriel -> parallel shift register
reg    		rxparity;	         // Parity bit of received data
reg   		paritygen;		      // Generated parity of received data
reg      	rxstop;	   	      // Stop bit of received data
//wire		   paritymode = 1'b1; 	// Initializing to 1 = odd parity, 0 = even parity. 


// Receive clock and control signals.
reg       	rxclk;     				// Receive data shift clock
reg      	idle;     	   		// 1'b1 when receiver is idling
reg   		rxdatardy;     		// 1'b1 when data is ready to be read


// Idle requires async preset since it is clocked by rxclk, and it's  
// value determines whether rxclk gets generated or not. 
// Idle goes low when shifting in data. This is ensured because all bits 
// of rsr are preset to all 1's when idle is high. Idle goes high again 
// when rsr[0] = 0, i.e. when the low "rxstop" bit reach rsr[0]. 
// Next rising edge of rxclk preset idle to high again, and generation of 
// rxclk is disabled.
	
always @(posedge rxclk or posedge reset)
   begin
   	if (reset)
      	idle <= 1'b1;
      else 
      	idle <= !idle && !rsr[0];
	end

// Synchronizing rxclk to the centerpoint of low leading startbit.
always @(posedge mclkx16)
begin

	// A start bit is eight clock times with rx=0 after a falling edge of rx. 
	if (reset)
	    hunt <= 1'b0;
	else if (idle && !rx && rx1 )	
	    	hunt <= 1'b1;					// Start hunting when idle and falling edge of rx is found.
	else if (!idle || rx )			
	    	hunt <= 1'b0;					// Stop hunting when shifting in data, or a 1 is found on rx.
   
   if (!idle || hunt)					
	   rxcnt <= rxcnt + 1;				// Count clocks when not idle, or hunting for start bit.
	else										
	   rxcnt <= 4'b0001;					// hold at 1, when idle and waiting for falling edge of rx.

   rx1 <= rx;								// delay rx one cycle of mclkx16, used for edge detection.
   
   rxclk <= rxcnt[3];               // rxclk = mclkx16 divided by 16. First rising edge of rxclk occures
												// always at the centerpoint of the low leading startbit.
end


// This task reset internal bit of receiver, when no data are received.
task idle_reset;
		begin
	   rsr        <= 8'b11111111;		// All 1's ensure that idle stays low during data shifting.
	   rxparity   <= 1'b1;        	// Preset to high to ensure idle = 0 during data shifting.          
//	   paritygen  <= paritymode;		// Preset paritygen to parity mode.
		paritygen  <= 1'b1;           // Preset to 1 => odd parity mode, 0 => even parity mode.
	   rxstop     <= 1'b0;         	// Forces idle = 1, when rsr[0] gets rxstop bit. 
	   end									   
endtask


// This task executes sampling & shifting of data, and generates parity result.
task shift_data;
	begin                               														
   	rsr         <= rsr >> 1;            // Right shift receive shift register.     
      rsr[7]      <= rxparity;            // Load rsr[7] with rxparity.
      rxparity    <= rxstop;              // Load rxparity with rxstop.
      rxstop      <= rx;                  // Load rxstop with rx. At 1'st shift rxstop gets low "start bit". 
      paritygen   <= paritygen ^ rxstop;  // Generate parity as data are shifted.
 	end
endtask


// When not idling, sample data at the rx input, and generate parity.
always @(posedge rxclk or posedge reset)
if (reset)
	idle_reset;		// Reset internal bits.
else
  	begin												      
	if (idle)
		idle_reset;	// Reset internal bits.
	else
		shift_data;	// Shift data and generate parity.
	end


// Generate status & error flags.
always @(posedge mclkx16 or posedge reset)
if (reset) 
	begin
	rhr         <= 8'h00;
	rxdatardy 	<= 1'b0;
	overrun		<= 1'b0;
	parityerr   <= 1'b0;
	framingerr	<= 1'b0;
	idle1       <= 1'b1; 
	read2       <= 1'b1; 
	read1       <= 1'b1; 
	end
else	
	begin
	if (idle && !idle1)				   // Look for rising edge of idle and update output registers.
	 	begin
		if (rxdatardy)
			overrun <= 1'b1;				// Overrun error, if previous data still in holding register.
		else
			begin
			overrun <= 1'b0;				// No overrun error, since holding register is empty.
			rhr <= rsr;					   // Update holding register with contens of shift register.
			parityerr <= paritygen;    // paritygen = 1, if parity error.
			framingerr <=  !rxstop;		// Framingerror, if stop bit is not 1.
			rxdatardy <= 1'b1;			// Data is ready for reading flag.
			end
		end
 	   
	if (!read2 &&  read1)
		begin 								// Clear error and data registers when data is read.
	   rxdatardy  <= 1'b0;
	   parityerr  <= 1'b0;
	   framingerr <= 1'b0;
	   overrun    <= 1'b0;
	   end 

	idle1 <= idle;				         // idle delayed 1 cycle for edge detect.
	read2 <= read1;	   				// 2 cycle delayed version of read, used for edge detection.
	read1 <= read;							// 1 cycle delayed version of read, used for edge detection.
   end

assign    rxrdy = rxdatardy;		   // Receive data ready output signal

always @(read or rhr)				   //Latch data output when read goes low.
if (~read) 
	data = rhr; 

endmodule