ps.1

linux下获取一些环境信息的代码

The\ \fBn\fR\ option can be used
to force the decimal representation.
(alias\ \fBuname\fR,\ \fBuser\fR).
T}

f	F	T{
flags associated with the process, see the \fBPROCESS FLAGS\fR section.
(alias\ \fBflag\fR,\ \fBflags\fR).
T}

fgid	FGID	T{
filesystem access group\ ID.  (alias\ \fBfsgid\fR).
T}

fgroup	FGROUP	T{
filesystem access group\ ID.
This will be the textual user\ ID, if\ it can be obtained
and the field width permits,
or\ a\ decimal representation otherwise.
(alias\ \fBfsgroup\fR).
T}

flag	F	T{
see\ \fBf\fR.  (alias\ \fBf\fR,\ \fBflags\fR).
T}

flags	F	T{
see\ \fBf\fR.  (alias\ \fBf\fR,\ \fBflag\fR).
T}

fname	COMMAND	T{
first 8 bytes of the base name of the process's executable file.
The output in this column may contain spaces.
T}

fuid	FUID	T{
filesystem access user\ ID.  (alias\ \fBfsuid\fR).
T}

fuser	FUSER	T{
filesystem access user\ ID.  This will be the textual user\ ID,
if\ it can be obtained and the field width permits,
or\ a\ decimal representation otherwise.
T}

gid	GID	T{
see\ \fBegid\fR.  (alias\ \fBegid\fR).
T}

group	GROUP	T{
see\ \fBegroup\fR.  (alias\ \fBegroup\fR).
T}

ignored	IGNORED	T{
mask of the ignored signals, see \fIsignal\fR(7).  According to the
width of the field, a\ 32\-bit or 64\-bit mask in hexadecimal format
is displayed.  (alias \fBsig_ignore\fR, \fBsigignore\fR).
T}

label	LABEL	T{
security label, most commonly used for SE\ Linux context data.
This is for the \fIMandatory Access Control\fR ("MAC") found on
high\-security systems.
T}

lstart	STARTED	T{
time the command started.
T}

lwp	LWP	T{
lwp (light weight process, or thread) ID of the lwp being reported.
(alias\ \fBspid\fR,\ \fBtid\fR).
T}

ni	NI	T{
nice value. This ranges from 19 (nicest) to \-20 (not\ nice to\ others),
see\ \fInice\fR(1).  (alias\ \fBnice\fR).
T}

nice	NI	T{
see\ \fBni\fR.  (alias\ \fBni\fR).
T}

nlwp	NLWP	T{
number of lwps (threads) in the process.  (alias\ \fBthcount\fR).
T}

nwchan	WCHAN	T{
address of the kernel function where the process is sleeping
(use \fBwchan\fR if you want the kernel function name).
Running tasks will display a dash ('\-') in this column.
T}

pcpu	%CPU	T{
see\ \fB%cpu\fR.  (alias\ \fB%cpu\fR).
T}

pending	PENDING	T{
mask of the pending signals. See\ \fIsignal\fR(7).  Signals pending on
the process are distinct from signals pending on individual threads.
Use the \fBm\fR option or the \fB\-m\fR option to see both.
According to the width of the field, a\ 32\-bit or 64\-bit mask in
hexadecimal format is displayed.  (alias\ \fBsig\fR).
T}

pgid	PGID	T{
process group\ ID or, equivalently, the process\ ID of the
process group leader.  (alias\ \fBpgrp\fR).
T}

pgrp	PGRP	T{
see\ \fBpgid\fR.  (alias\ \fBpgid\fR).
T}

pid	PID	T{
process\ ID number of the process.
T}

pmem	%MEM	T{
see\ \fB%mem\fR.  (alias\ \fB%mem\fR).
T}

policy	POL	T{
scheduling class of the process.  (alias\ \fBclass\fR,\ \fBcls\fR).
Possible values are:
.br
\-	not reported
.br
TS	SCHED_OTHER
.br
FF	SCHED_FIFO
.br
RR	SCHED_RR
.br
?	unknown value
T}

ppid	PPID	T{
parent process ID.
T}

psr	PSR	T{
processor that process is currently assigned to.
T}

rgid	RGID	T{
real group ID.
T}

rgroup	RGROUP	T{
real group name.  This will be the textual group\ ID, if\ it can be
obtained and the field width permits,
or\ a\ decimal representation otherwise.
T}

rss	RSS	T{
resident set size, the non\-swapped physical memory that
a task has used (in\ kiloBytes).
(alias\ \fBrssize\fR,\ \fBrsz\fR).
T}

rssize	RSS	T{
see\ \fBrss\fR.  (alias\ \fBrss\fR,\ \fBrsz\fR).
T}

rsz	RSZ	T{
see\ \fBrss\fR.  (alias\ \fBrss\fR,\ \fBrssize\fR).
T}

rtprio	RTPRIO	T{
realtime priority.
T}

ruid	RUID	T{
real user\ ID.
T}

ruser	RUSER	T{
real user\ ID.  This will be the textual user\ ID,
if\ it can be obtained and the field width permits,
or\ a\ decimal representation otherwise.
T}

s	S	T{
minimal state display (one\ character).
See\ section \fBPROCESS STATE CODES\fR for the different values.
See\ also \fBstat\fR if you want additional
information displayed.  (alias\ \fBstate\fR).
T}

sched	SCH	T{
scheduling policy of the process.  The policies sched_other, sched_fifo,
and sched_rr are respectively displayed as 0,\ 1,\ and\ 2.
T}

sess	SESS	T{
session\ ID or, equivalently, the process\ ID of the session\ leader.
(alias\ \fBsession\fR,\ \fBsid\fR).
T}

sgi_p	P	T{
processor that the process is currently executing on.
Displays "*" if the process is not currently running or runnable.
T}

sgid	SGID	T{
saved group\ ID.
(alias\ \fBsvgid\fR).
T}

sgroup	SGROUP	T{
saved group\ name.  This will be the textual group\ ID,
if\ it can be obtained and the field width permits,
or\ a\ decimal representation otherwise.
T}

sid	SID	T{
see\ \fBsess\fR.  (alias\ \fBsess\fR,\ \fBsession\fR).
T}

sig	PENDING	T{
see\ \fBpending\fR.  (alias\ \fBpending\fR,\ \fBsig_pend\fR).
T}

sigcatch	CAUGHT	T{
see\ \fBcaught\fR.  (alias\ \fBcaught\fR,\ \fBsig_catch\fR).
T}

sigignore	IGNORED	T{
see\ \fBignored\fR.  (alias\ \fBignored\fR,\ \fBsig_ignore\fR).
T}

sigmask	BLOCKED	T{
see\ \fBblocked\fR.  (alias\ \fBblocked\fR,\ \fBsig_block\fR).
T}

size	SZ	T{
approximate amount of swap space that would be required
if the process were to dirty all writable pages and then
be swapped out.
This number is very\ rough!
T}

spid	SPID	T{
see \fBlwp\fR.  (alias\ \fBlwp\fR,\ \fBtid\fR).
T}

stackp	STACKP	T{
address of the bottom (start) of stack for the process.
T}

start	STARTED	T{
time the command started.
If the process was started less than 24 hours ago,
the output format is "HH:MM:SS",
else it is "\ \ mmm\ dd"
(where mmm is a three\-letter month\ name).
T}

start_time	START	T{
starting time or date of the process.
Only the year will be displayed if the process was not
started the same year \fBps\fR was invoked,
or\ "mmmdd" if\ it was not started the same day,
or\ "HH:MM" otherwise.
T}

stat	STAT	T{
multi\-character process state.
See\ section \fBPROCESS STATE CODES\fR
for the different values meaning.
See also \fBs\fR and \fBstate\fR if you just want
the first character displayed.
T}

state	S	T{
see\ \fBs\fR.  (alias\ \fBs\fR).
T}

suid	SUID	T{
saved user\ ID.  (alias\ \fBsvuid\fR).
T}

suser	SUSER	T{
saved user name.  This will be the textual user\ ID,
if\ it can be obtained and the field width permits,
or\ a\ decimal representation otherwise.
(alias\ \fBsvuser\fR).
T}

svgid	SVGID	T{
see\ \fBsgid\fR.  (alias\ \fBsgid\fR).
T}

svuid	SVUID	T{
see\ \fBsuid\fR.  (alias\ \fBsuid\fR).
T}

sz	SZ	T{
size in physical pages of the core image of the process.
This includes text, data, and stack space.
Device mappings are currently excluded; this is subject to change.
See \fBvsz\fR and \fBrss\fR.
T}

thcount	THCNT	T{
see \fBnlwp\fR.  (alias\ \fBnlwp\fR).
number of kernel threads owned by the process.
T}

tid	TID	T{
see\ \fBlwp\fR.  (alias\ \fBlwp\fR).
T}

time	TIME	T{
cumulative CPU\ time, "[dd\-]hh:mm:ss" format.  (alias\ \fBcputime\fR).
T}

tname	TTY	T{
controlling tty (terminal).
(alias\ \fBtt\fR,\ \fBtty\fR).
T}

tpgid	TPGID	T{
ID of the foreground process group on the tty (terminal) that
the process is connected to, or \-1 if the process is not connected
to a tty.
T}

tt	TT	T{
controlling tty (terminal).  (alias\ \fBtname\fR,\ \fBtty\fR).
T}

tty	TT	T{
controlling tty (terminal).  (alias\ \fBtname\fR,\ \fBtt\fR).
T}

ucmd	CMD	T{
see \fBcomm\fR.  (alias\ \fBcomm\fR,\ \fBucomm\fR).
T}

ucomm	COMMAND	T{
see \fBcomm\fR.  (alias\ \fBcomm\fR,\ \fBucmd\fR).
T}

uid	UID	T{
see \fBeuid\fR.  (alias\ \fBeuid\fR).
T}

uname	USER	T{
see \fBeuser\fR.  (alias\ \fBeuser\fR,\ \fBuser\fR).
T}

user	USER	T{
see \fBeuser\fR.  (alias\ \fBeuser\fR,\ \fBuname\fR).
T}

vsize	VSZ	T{
see \fBvsz\fR.  (alias\ \fBvsz\fR).
T}

vsz	VSZ	T{
virtual memory size of the process in KiB (1024\-byte\ units).
Device mappings are currently excluded; this is subject to change.
(alias\ \fBvsize\fR).
T}

wchan	WCHAN	T{
name of the kernel function in which the process is sleeping,
a\ "\-"\ if the process is running,
or a "*"\ if the process is multi\-threaded and
\fBps\fR is not displaying threads.
T}
.TE
.\" #######################################################################
.PP
.PP
.SH "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES"
The following environment variables could affect \fBps\fR:
.TP 3
.B COLUMNS
Override default display width.
.TP
.B LINES
Override default display height.
.TP
.B PS_PERSONALITY
Set to one of posix, old, linux, bsd, sun, digital...
(see\ section\ \fBPERSONALITY\fR\ below).
.TP
.B CMD_ENV
Set to one of posix, old, linux, bsd, sun, digital...
(see\ section\ \fBPERSONALITY\fR\ below).
.TP
.B I_WANT_A_BROKEN_PS
Force obsolete command line interpretation.
.TP
.B LC_TIME
Date format.
.TP
.B PS_COLORS
Not currently supported.
.TP
.B PS_FORMAT
Default output format override. You may set this to a format
string of the type used for the \fB\-o\fR option.
The \fBDefSysV\fR and \fBDefBSD\fR values are particularly useful.
.TP
.B PS_SYSMAP
Default namelist (System.map) location.
.TP
.B PS_SYSTEM_MAP
Default namelist (System.map) location.
.TP
.B POSIXLY_CORRECT
Don't find excuses to ignore bad "features".
.TP
.B POSIX2
When set to "on", acts as \fBPOSIXLY_CORRECT\fR.
.TP
.B UNIX95
Don't find excuses to ignore bad "features".
.TP
.B _XPG
Cancel \fBCMD_ENV\fI=irix\fR non\-standard behavior.
.PP
In general, it\ is a bad idea to set these variables.
The one exception is \fBCMD_ENV\fR or \fBPS_PERSONALITY\fR,
which could be set to Linux for normal systems.
Without that setting,
\fBps\fR follows the useless and bad parts of the Unix98 standard.
.PP
.PP
.SH "PERSONALITY"
.TS
l	l.
390	like the S/390 OpenEdition \fBps\fR
aix	like AIX \fBps\fR
bsd	like FreeBSD \fBps\fR (totally\ non\-standard)
compaq	like Digital Unix \fBps\fR
debian	like the old Debian \fBps\fR
digital	like Tru64 (was Digital\ Unix, was OSF/1) \fBps\fR
gnu	like the old Debian \fBps\fR
hp	like HP\-UX \fBps\fR
hpux	like HP\-UX \fBps\fR
irix	like Irix \fBps\fR
linux	***** RECOMMENDED *****
old	like the original Linux \fBps\fR (totally\ non\-standard)
os390	like OS/390 Open Edition \fBps\fR
posix	standard
s390	like OS/390 Open Edition \fBps\fR
sco	like SCO \fBps\fR
sgi	like Irix \fBps\fR
solaris2	like Solaris 2+ (SunOS 5) \fBps\fR
sunos4	like SunOS 4 (Solaris 1) \fBps\fR (totally\ non\-standard)
svr4	standard
sysv	standard
tru64	like Tru64 (was Digital\ Unix, was OSF/1) \fBps\fR
unix	standard
unix95	standard
unix98	standard
.TE
.PP
.PP
.SH "SEE ALSO"
\fItop\fR(1), \fIpgrep\fR(1), \fIpstree\fR(1), \fIproc\fR(5).
.PP
.PP
.SH STANDARDS
This \fBps\fR conforms to:
.PP
.PD 0
.IP 1 4
Version 2 of the Single Unix Specification
.IP 2 4
The Open Group Technical Standard Base Specifications, Issue\ 6
.IP 3 4
IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004\ Edition
.IP 4 4
X/Open System Interfaces Extension [UP\ XSI]
.IP 5 4
ISO/IEC 9945:2003
.PD
.PP
.SH AUTHOR
\fBps\fR was originally written by Branko Lankester <[e-mail]>. Michael
K. Johnson <[e-mail]> re\-wrote it significantly to use the proc
filesystem, changing a few things in the process. Michael Shields
<[e-mail]> added the pid\-list feature. Charles Blake
<[e-mail]> added multi\-level sorting, the dirent\-style library, the
device name\-to\-number mmaped database, the approximate binary search
directly on System.map, and many code and documentation cleanups. David
Mossberger\-Tang wrote the generic BFD support for psupdate. Albert Cahalan
<[e-mail]> rewrote ps for full Unix98 and BSD support, along with
some ugly hacks for obsolete and foreign syntax.

Please send bug reports to <procps\[e-mail]>.
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