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<a href="http://www.bruceeckel.com/javabook.html">Bruce Eckel's Thinking in Java</a>
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<H1 ALIGN=LEFT>
4:
Initialization 
<P>and
cleanup
</H1>
<DIV ALIGN=LEFT><FONT FACE="Calligraph421 BT" SIZE=4 COLOR="Black">As
the computer revolution progresses, &#8220;unsafe&#8221; programming has become
one of the major culprits that makes programming expensive.
</FONT><P></DIV><DIV ALIGN=LEFT><FONT FACE="Carmina Md BT" SIZE=3 COLOR="Black">Two
of these safety issues are 
</FONT><FONT FACE="Carmina Md BT" SIZE=3 COLOR="Black"><I>initialization</I></FONT><FONT FACE="Carmina Md BT" SIZE=3 COLOR="Black">
and 
</FONT><FONT FACE="Carmina Md BT" SIZE=3 COLOR="Black"><I>cleanup</I></FONT><FONT FACE="Carmina Md BT" SIZE=3 COLOR="Black">.
Many C bugs occur when the programmer forgets to initialize a variable. This is
especially true with libraries when users don&#8217;t know how to initialize a
library component, or even that they must. Cleanup is a special problem because
it&#8217;s easy to forget about an element when you&#8217;re done with it,
since it no longer concerns you. Thus, the resources used by that element are
retained and you can easily end up running out of resources (most notably
memory). 
</FONT><P></DIV><DIV ALIGN=LEFT><FONT FACE="Carmina Md BT" SIZE=3 COLOR="Black">C++
introduced the concept of a 
</FONT><FONT FACE="Carmina Md BT" SIZE=3 COLOR="Black"><I>constructor</I></FONT><FONT FACE="Carmina Md BT" SIZE=3 COLOR="Black">,
a special method automatically called when an object is created. Java also
adopted the constructor, and in addition has a garbage collector that
automatically releases memory resources when they&#8217;re no longer being
used. This chapter examines the issues of initialization and cleanup and their
support in Java.
</FONT><a name="_Toc312373853"></a><a name="_Toc375545275"></a><a name="_Toc408018476"></a><P></DIV>

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