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<td width="90%"><font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica"><b>示例问题</b></font></td><td width="200" align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica"><nobr>   第 7 页（共7 页）</nobr></font></td>
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<font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica"><b>问题 1：</b>
<p>下面哪种验证类型使用公钥加密作为 Web 应用程序的安全机制？</p>
<p>
<b>选择：</b>
</p>
<ul>
<li>
<b>A.</b> BASIC</li>
<li>
<b>B.</b> DIGEST</li>
<li>
<b>C.</b> FORM</li>
<li>
<b>D.</b> CLIENT-CERT</li>
<li>
<b>E.</b> 以上都不是</li>
</ul>
<p>
<b>正确答案：</b>
</p>
<ul>
<li>
<b>D</b>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
<b>说明：</b>
</p>
<p>HTTP 基本验证是基于用户名和密码的，是 HTTP/1.0 规范中定义的验证机制。它不是一个安全的验证机制；它以简单 base64 编码发送用户信息。因此选项 A 是不正确的。</p>
<p>像基本验证类型一样，HTTP 摘要验证根据用户名和密码验证用户。它是更加安全的；用户信息是经过加密，然后发送给服务器。因此选项 B 是不正确的。</p>
<p>在基于表单的验证中，开发人员创建了自定义的逻辑/错误屏幕，它的显示是受 Web 服务器的管理。因此选项 C 是不正确的。</p>
<p>使用 HTTPS（SSL 上的 HTTP）终端用户验证（CLIENT-CERT）是一种强大的验证机制。该机制要求用户拥有公钥证书（PKC）。因此，选项 D 是正确的。</p>
<p>
<b>问题 2：</b>
</p>
<p>
<code>&lt;transport-guarantee&gt;</code> 可以包含下面哪些值？</p>
<p>
<b>选择：</b>
</p>
<ul>
<li>
<b>A.</b> NONE</li>
<li>
<b>B.</b> AUTHORIZED</li>
<li>
<b>C.</b> INTEGRAL</li>
<li>
<b>D.</b> AUTHENTICATED</li>
<li>
<b>E.</b> CONFIDENTIAL</li>
</ul>
<p>
<b>正确答案：</b>
</p>
<ul>
<li>
<b>A</b>、<b>C</b> 和 <b>E</b>
</li>
</ul>
<p>
<b>说明：</b>
</p>
<p>选项 C 暗示 Web 应用程序要求数据传输具有数据完整性，而选项 E 暗示 Web 应用程序要求数据传输具有数据机密性。</p>
<p>选项 A 暗示应用程序不需要任何这样的保证。当把值设为 <code>NONE</code> 时，使用 Plain HTTPS。当把值设为 <code>INTEGRAL</code> 或 <code>CONFIDENTIAL</code> 时，使用 HTTPS。</p>
<p>选项 B 和 D 是不正确的，因为对于 <code>&lt;transport-guarantee&gt;</code> 元素，没有这样的值。</p>
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