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<td width="90%"><font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica"><b>UML：元素</b></font></td><td width="200" align="right"><font size="1" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica"><nobr>   第 3 页（共12 页）</nobr></font></td>
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<p>
		有 4 种元素：
		<ul>
<li>Structural</li>
<li>Behavioral</li>
<li>Grouping</li>
<li>Annotational</li>
</ul>
		
</p>
<p>
<b>Structural</b>
</p>
<p>这些元素类似于一种语言中的名词。</p>
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<th align="center" width="100pt">名字</th><th align="center" width="100pt">定义</th><th align="center" width="150pt">符号</th>
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<td align="left" width="100pt">Class</td><td align="left" width="100pt">一组对象，共享同样的属性、操作、关系到和语义。由包含三个区域的矩形表示，这三个区域是：类的名称、类的属性和类的操作（方法）。 </td><td align="left" width="150pt"><img src="images/SCEA-Class.gif" alt="class 符号"></td>
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<td align="left" width="100pt">Interface</td><td align="left" width="100pt">是一些操作的集合，这些操作指定类或者元素的服务。它也是由包含接口名称、属性和操作的三个区域的矩形所表示。它使接口名称具有单词&ldquo;interface&rdquo;以外的其他意义。 </td><td align="left" width="150pt"><img src="images/SCEA-Interface.gif" alt="接口符号"></td>
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<td align="left" width="100pt">Collaboration</td><td align="left" width="100pt">定义了一个交互，它是角色和其他元素的组合，它们协同工作，以提供大于所有元素总和的一些协作行为。它是用一个虚线椭圆表示的。</td><td align="left" width="150pt"><img src="images/SCEA-Collaboration.gif" alt="协作符号"></td>
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<td align="left" width="100pt">用例（Use case）</td><td align="left" width="100pt">是一组操作的描述，系统将执行这些操作，以获得某个角色的可观察的结果值。它是用一个椭圆表示的， 用例名在椭圆内。</td><td align="left" width="150pt"><img src="images/SCEA-Single-usecase.gif" alt="用例符号"></td>
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<td align="left" width="100pt">活动类（Active class）</td><td align="left" width="100pt">是其实例为活动对象的一个类。它们拥有一个或者更多进程或者线程，以便启动控制操作。 </td><td align="left" width="150pt"><img src="images/SCEA-ActiveClass.gif" alt="活动类符号"></td>
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<td align="left" width="100pt">组件（Component）</td><td align="left" width="100pt">是系统的一个物理部分和可更换部分，它遵从一组接口并提供这些接口的实现。</td><td align="left" width="150pt"><img src="images/SCEA-Component.gif" alt="组件符号"></td>
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<td align="left" width="100pt">节点（Node）</td><td align="left" width="100pt">是一个物理元素，它在运行时存在，表示有一定内存和处理能力的计算资源。</td><td align="left" width="150pt"><img src="images/SCEA-Node.gif" alt="节点符号"></td>
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<p>
<b>Behavioral</b>
</p>
<p>定义 UML 元素的动态部分。</p>
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<th align="center" width="250pt">名字</th><th align="center" width="250pt">定义</th><th align="center" width="">符号</th>
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<td align="left" width="250pt">交互（Interaction）</td><td align="left" width="250pt">由特定上下文中的一组消息组成，它们在一组对象之间交换，以完成特定的目的。</td><td align="left" width=""><img src="images/SCEA-Arrow.gif" alt="交互节点"></td>
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<td align="left" width="250pt">Statemachine</td><td align="left" width="250pt">指定对象或交互在其生命周期中响应事件时所经历的状态顺序，以及它对这些事件的响应。</td><td align="left" width=""><img src="images/SCEA-State.gif" alt="statemachine 符号"></td>
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<p>
<b>Grouping</b>
</p>
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<th align="center" width="250pt">名字</th><th align="center" width="250pt">定义</th><th align="center" width="">注释</th>
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<td align="left" width="250pt">Package</td><td align="left" width="250pt">将元素组织成组的一种通用机制。</td><td align="left" width=""><img src="images/SCEA-package.gif" alt="Package 的符号"></td>
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<p>
<b>Annotational</b>
</p>
<table border="1">
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<th align="center" width="250pt">名字</th><th align="center" width="250pt">定义</th><th align="center" width="">符号</th>
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<td align="left" width="250pt">注释（Note）</td><td align="left" width="250pt">呈现要附加到其他元素或者元素集合中的那些注释的符号。</td><td align="left" width=""><img src="images/SCEA-note.gif" alt="注释的符号"></td>
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