tchk.doc

c语言函数库,包括大部分c语言函数的说明和代码,有利于想深入了解c编程的开发人员.

          DATEHK.H       - header file for date routines
          DOSHK.H        - header file for DOS routines
          FILEHK.H       - header file for file routines
          FINANCE.H      - header file for financial routines
          HOWARD.H       - header file for miscellanoues definitions
          IBM.H          - header file for misc. IBM routines
          KEYBOARD.H     - header file for keyboard routines
          KEYCODE.H      - keyboard key codes
          MATHHK.H       - header file of math routines
          MENUHK.H       - header file for menu routines
          MOUSEHK.H      - header file for mouse routines
          MULTIHK.H      - header file for multi-tasking routines
          NETWORK.H      - header file for network routines
          PRINTHK.H      - header file for print routines
          REAL.H         - header file for simulated FP functions
          SOUND.H        - header file for sound routines
          STATEHK.H      - header file for state/zip code functions
          STRINGHK.H     - header file for string routines
          TIMEHK.H       - header file for time routines
          VIDEO.H        - header file for video routines
          ZIP.H          - header file for .ZIP file format support














    TCHK 2.1                                                   Page 8

          DEMO.ZIP       - archive of TCHK demo programs:

               DEMOADV.C      - date conversion functions
               DEMOADV.EXE
               DEMOADV.PRJ
               DEMODATE.C     - date functions
               DEMODATE.EXE
               DEMODATE.PRJ
               DEMODISK.C     - disktype function
               DEMODISK.EXE
               DEMODISK.PRJ
               DEMOLITE.C     - litebar menu functions
               DEMOLITE.EXE
               DEMOLITE.PRJ
               DEMONUM.C      - number functions (math/financial)
               DEMONUM.EXE
               DEMONUM.PRJ
               DEMOPARS.C     - DOS parsing functions
               DEMOPARS.EXE
               DEMOPARS.PRJ
               DEMOPOP.C      - popup menu functions
               DEMOPOP.EXE
               DEMOPOP.PRJ
               DEMOTIME.C     - time conversion functions
               DEMOTIME.EXE
               DEMOTIME.PRJ


     To compile the demo programs, use the configuration file TCHK.TC
     and the appropriate project file. Make sure you check the Turbo C
     directories before compiling. See Tips and Caveats for more
     information.



                          IN THE BEGINNING...

     Except where explicitly stated, all of these functions have been
     compiled and tested on my system:

           - IBM PC
           - 640K memory
           - (CGA) Color Graphics Adapter
           - DOS 3.2
           - AST SixPakPremium w/1 MB EEMS (REMM.SYS 3.1 and 4.3)
           - Microsoft Mouse (MOUSE.COM 6.24)
           - IBM Proprinter XL
           - NEC V20 cpu
           - PC Sprint (dandy little speed up plug in. No slot,
             hardware switch for normal (4.77) and fast (~7) MHz speeds
             and reboot. Between the board and the NEC my machine plods













    TCHK 2.1                                                   Page 9

             along almost 2x as fast as a normal PC. At only $95, I
             highly recommend it. Call these guys for more info:

                    Product: PC Sprint and/or NEC V20
                    Exec-PC, Inc.
                    PO BOX 11268
                    Shorewood, WI  53211
                    VOICE: [phone]
                    MODEM: [phone]

     TCHK was compiled from the interactive environment of Turbo C,
     with the following options changed from the default:

          Memory model: SMALL
          Optimize on: SPEED
          Full optimization (Register/Jump)
          No debug information
          Standard stack frame Off


     For more info, check out the configuration file TCHK.TC.

     This library was written in 100% Turbo C, except for a couple of
     TASM modules which were originally inline Assembly. All C code was
     compiled with Turbo C 2.0, all Assembly was compiled with Turbo
     Assembler 1.0 and TCHK created with TLIB 2.0.



                                FEATURES

     TCHK sports many useful features not found in other shareware
     packages. Aside from many input and output routines, TCHK provides
     many functions dealing with dates, time, strings, popup and
     litebar menus, DESQview support, and much more.

     Many of the functions requiring output as a side effect (most
     noticeably the keyboard and menu functions) make use of some of
     the output routines prototyped in VIDEO.H or some of the console
     i/o functions by Borland (i.e. cputs(), putch(), etc.). If you use
     almost any of the keyboard routines, also expect some video
     routines to be linked into your program. This is true of some
     other functions as well (the popup menus use Borland's gettext()
     and cputs() routines.) If you really want to change the library,
     you can always purchase the source code...

     For a quick synopsis of TCHK, check out the file TCHK.MSG.

















    TCHK 2.1                                                   Page 10

                                 CREDIT

     The following people deserve credit for their help:

     James Arnold for helping with optimizing the direct video access
          functions.
     Darius Thabit for his help with the reboot function.
     Mark Seyden, Sysop of The BOSS (201-568-7293), for allowing me
          to use his bbs as a base for TCHK.
     Robert Blacher, Sysop of Computer Connections (202-547-2008),
          for his comments regarding my license information and for
          running an excellent BBS
     Robert Mason, my college roomate, for his uncanny knack at finding
          bugs within the first 30 seconds of use, no matter how clean
          the code.



                               FUNCTIONS

     Most of the functions are documented well enough below, although I
     feel a few more explanations are necessary:

          In the interactive environment you can #define one item in
          terms of another, including spaces. If anyone knows how to do
          this with the command line version, please let me know. The
          variable type  byte  is just an unsigned char. If you use the
          command line version of TC you will have to change some of
          the header files of TCHK.

          Beginning with TCHK 2.0, unless otherwise noted, all
          functions asking for screen coordinates comply with Borland's
          format (x,y). The top left corner of the screen is (1,1).
          This is highly different from previous versions of TCHK.

          Many functions rely on interrupts and low memory addresses
          (400:xxxx) to comply  with the IBM standard. Certain values
          (for instance, the current video page) can be found by an
          interrupt or by peeking at the value stored in low memory.
          Many of the video functions especially require these values
          to be found at the proper places. If your clone is radically
          different from the IBM standard some of these functions may
          not work properly. I didn't want to have to write a million
          small functions that are just background support for the
          functions found here (like current page number, etc.) so I
          used the #defines found in the headers (see video.h for more
          details.)

          TCHK considers "key codes", "scan codes" and "ascii codes" as
          different animals. Via the BIOS, any key pressed returns a
          word (2-byte) value. If a 'normal' key is pressed (i.e. a
          letter, space, etc.) the low order byte contains the letter.
          When the low order byte is zero, an unusual key has been
          pressed (i.e. Alt combinations, arrows, grey +, etc.) This 2 










    TCHK 2.1                                                   Page 11

          byte word as returned by the BIOS is called a scan code. For
          ease of use, several functions convert this "scan code" to a
          value from 0-511, called a "key code", where 0-255 are
          'normal' ascii codes, as per the IBM ASCII character set, and
          256-511 are the unusual keys. Many of the popular key codes
          are listed in KEYCODE.H. To determine a key code, if the low
          order byte is zero, take the high order byte as a number
          0-255 and add 256. If the low order byte is non-zero, take
          the low order byte as a number from 0-255. Note that although
          the regular plus key and the grey plus key (on the numeric
          keypad) return different scan codes, their key code is the
          same. So, briefly, an "ascii code" is a char (value of
          0-255), a "scan code" is a 2-byte word returned from the
          BIOS, and a "key code" is a value 0-511. "Scan codes" and
          "key codes" are both 2 bytes long (unsigned int and int,
          respectively).

          There are several functions that refer to a DOS file name. A
          'file name' is a generic term for any possible name for a
          file (drive, path and even filename.ext are optional). A
          'filename' refers to a DOS filename.ext, no drive or path
          (sometimes referred to with 'filename.ext'). A 'filepathname'
          refers to a full file name, including drive, path and
          filename.ext (some parts may be optional.) A 'filespec' is
          similiar to a 'filename', but does not necessarily refer to a
          specific file (i.e. D:\TURBOC is actually D:\TURBOC\*.*. See
          how DIR parses filespecs for more details.)

          TCHK has not been tested on a Hercules or MDA video card
          since I do not have access to either piece of hardware,
          although the methods I used are well documented and should
          cause no problems.

          All functions that use my direct screen access routines have
          built-in snow control. On CGA monitors, the snow was
          horrendous without it. Unless I code these routines in
          assembler, I won't be able to squeeze any more optimization
          out of these routines. Since Borland now provides acceptable
          console i/o functions, I doubt I shall bother to recode these
          in Assembler.

     One type of command you will NOT find in TCHK are windowing
     commands. There are plenty of windowing libraries available. You
     should not try to make your poor IBM into a Mac, it won't cut it.
     Splurge for the Mac, you'll be happier. If you really want windows
     on your IBM-type machine, use DESQview. Yes, I know, a 'windowing'
     interface is nicer. I use 'windows' too, although mine are just
     boxes. Given the overhead needed for windows (in memory and
     performance) I find my method more than acceptable for my current
     needs.

     The functions are listed in the same manner as the Turbo C manual,
     in alphabetical order. Due to the size of the documentation, the
     functions appear in a separate file TCHK.FNC.










    TCHK 2.1                                                   Page 12




                            TIPS AND CAVEATS

     You really should check the settings in TCHK.TC before trying to
     use TCHK. Here are a few things you might want to be aware of:

          Nested Comments: I use them. Some of the header files have
          nested comments in them. If you do not tell the compiler that
          nested comments are ok, you may get strange and usually
          untraceable error messages when compiling TCHK demos or
          source code.

          Command Line Compiler: byte, word and bboolean can only be
          #defined in the interactive environment. If you use the
          command line compiler you may have to change some header
          files.

          DESQview/EMS: I plan on expanding the support for DESQview
          and EMS in the near future. Several functions may seem
          useless or nearly so right now. Due to time constraints,
          there is only so much I can do at a time, but rest assured
          there is more in the works. If you really can't wait, you
          could always purchase the source code and putter around
          yourself...



                                #DEFINES

     Most of these #defines are self-explanatory. All can be found in
     the appropriate header files:


 Ansihk.h
--------

     Ansi color definitions. See ansihk.h for more details

 Color.h
-------

     DOS color definitions. See color.h for more details.

 Chiphk.h
--------

     Cpu types recognized by cpu_id(). See chiphk.h for more details.
     Math coprocessor types recognized by ndp_id(). See chiphk.h for
          more details.













    TCHK 2.1                                                   Page 13

 Datehk.h
--------

     Date types:

          typedef enum { Sun, Mon, Tues, Wed, Thrus, Fri, Sat } days;
          typedef enum { Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep,
                         Oct, Nov, Dec } months;

          My date structure:

               typedef struct ddate {
                         int dyear;          /* Year - 1900 */
                         int dday;           /* Day of month (1-31) */
                         months dmon;        /* Month (Jan = 0) */
                    };

          Note: the year is stored as Year - 1900. For example, if you
               wanted to store 1987 in the variable d (of type struct
               ddate), you would:       d.dyear = 87;
          Note: the months start with January as zero.

     Date constants:

          #define DATENULL      "  -  -  "   /* empty date string */
          #define DATECHAR      '-'          /* date delimiter char */
          #define DATECHARSTR   "-"          /* date delim. string */
          #define DATECHARTEST  "/- "        /* all date delimiters */
          #define BASE_LEAP_YEAR  1980       /* base year for leap
                                                  year calculations */
          #define BASE_JUL_YEAR   1720982.0  /* base day for Julian
                                                  Type E calcs */

     Date macros:

          #define isleap(yr)      isleapyear(yr)

 Doshk.h
-------

     DOS types:

          typedef struct BIOSParmBlock {
                    unsigned int BytesPerSector;
                    byte         SectorsPerAllocUnit;
                    unsigned int ReservedSectors;
                    byte         numberFATs;
                    unsigned int numberRootDirEntries;
                    unsigned int TotalSectors;
                    byte         MediaDescriptor;
                    unsigned int SectorsPerFAT;
               };












    TCHK 2.1                                                   Page 14