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📄 基于vhdl的交通灯控制器设计.htm

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                  基于VHDL的交通灯控制器设计
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                          <td height="38" align="center"> <font color="#FF0000" size="1"><strong>基于VHDL的交通灯控制器设计</strong></font></td>
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          <td height="28" colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#eeeeee">[ 
            作者:佚名&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;转贴自:本站原创&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;点击数:1339&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;更新时间:2007-5-21&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;文章录入:admin
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<DIV align=center><FONT size=4>基于VHDL的交通灯控制器设计</FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
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<DIV align=center><FONT size=4>翟殿棠,方 敏,厉光伟</FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
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<TD height=35>
<DIV align=center><FONT size=4>(济南大学 控制科学与工程学院 山东 济南 250022)</FONT></DIV></TD></TR>
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<TD><BR>应用VHDL语言设计数字系统,大部分设计工作可在计算机上完成,从而缩短系统开发时间,提高工作效率。下面介绍基于VHDL设计交通灯控制器的一种方案,并给出源程序和仿真结果。 
<P><STRONG>1 系统功能与要求</STRONG></P>
<P>交通灯控制器控制两个主干道交叉路口的交通,路口车辆多,直行信号、左转弯信号分开显示,a,b两个主干道的通行时间相等,其中指示直行的绿灯亮30 s,指示左转弯的绿灯亮12 s,绿灯变至红灯时,黄灯亮3 s,以便于车辆能停在停车线内,红灯信号的最后3 s相应的黄灯也同时亮,以便提示驾驶人员准备起步。在两个主干道路口都配备传感器用来检测有无车辆通行。当两个主干道都有车辆时,自动处于主干道a绿灯,主干道b红灯的状态,然后轮流切换通行。当主干道a无车辆时,自动处于主干道b绿灯,主干道a红灯的状态;反之亦然,以提高通行效率。</P>
<P><STRONG>2 设计与仿真</STRONG></P>
<P>根据交通灯控制器的功能与要求,将其总体电路分为分频器、信号控制器两个模块。外部脉冲振荡器的频率选为32 768 kHz,经分频器分频得1 Hz的信号,1 Hz信号用做信号控制器的计数脉冲,用VHDL设计组成交通灯控制器的分频器、信号控制器两个模块,在QuartusⅡ开发平台上,分别编译两个模块的VHDL程序,然后用原理图输入法形成图1所示的总体框图。</P>
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<P>其中信号控制器的VHDL程序如下:</P>
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<TH scope=row><IMG height=974 src="UploadFiles/2007521145235621.jpg" width=330></TH></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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<TH scope=row><IMG height=782 src="UploadFiles/2007521145235360.jpg" width=330></TH></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P>其中,Sa,Sb分别是a,b路口传感器的信号,aR,aY,aG,aLR,aLY,aLG分别代表控制主干道a的直行红灯、黄灯、绿灯,左转弯红灯、黄灯、绿灯的信号;bR,bY,bG,bLR,bLY,bLG分别代表控制主干道b的直行红灯、黄灯、绿灯,左转弯红灯、黄灯、绿灯的信号;aPR,aPG,bPR,bPG是人行道信号,enl是使能信号。enl=0时a,b两路口红灯同时亮,便于处理特殊情况。用QuartusⅡ对程序编译、仿真,得到的仿真波形如图2所示,经程序下载、实验验证,系统功能符合要求。</P>
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<P>基于VHDL设计交通灯控制器,外围电路少、功耗低、可靠性高,便于系统功能的修改,设计效率高。<BR></P></TD></TR>
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<TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
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<DIV align=center>本文摘自《现代电子技术》</DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></p><p align='center'><font color='red'><b>[1]</b></font></p>
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