📄 软考英语精典短文每日一练中英对照(2006_9_13).htm
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主题：软考英语精典短文每日一练中英对照(2006.9.13)</STRONG></TD></TR>
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<TD width=64>作 者</TD>
<TD width=233>shixian</TD>
<TD width=63>阅读次数</TD>
<TD width=85>877</TD>
<TD width=63>回复次数</TD>
<TD width=85>21</TD></TR>
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<TD width=64>所属栏目</TD>
<TD width=233>基础应用与新手入门>> IT英语</TD>
<TD width=63>发表日期</TD>
<TD width=85>2006-9-13</TD>
<TD width=63>回复日期</TD>
<TD
width=85>2006-9-28</TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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<DIV class=userInfoBox>积分：2575<BR>第二级</DIV>
<DIV class=userInfoBox>注册时间<BR>2006-6-12</DIV></DIV></TD>
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<DIV class=TitleInfoBox align=right>发表时间：2006-9-13 11:06:32 楼主</DIV>
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<DIV id=cont_right style="WIDTH: 495px">Every computer has four basic
hardware components： <BR>• Input devices． <BR>• Output devices. <BR>• Main
memory. <BR>• Central processing unit（CPU）． <BR>Fig. 1-2 shows these
components in a block diagram. The lines between the blocks represent the
flow of information flows from one component to another on the bus，which
is simply a group of wires connecting the components. [1] Processing
occurs in the CPU and main memory. The organization in Fig. 1-2，with the
components connected to each other by the bus，is common. However，other
configurations are possible as well. <BR>Computer hardware is often
classified by its relative physical size： <BR>• Small microcomputer； <BR>•
Medium minicomputer； <BR><BR>• Large mainframe． <BR>Just the CPU of a
mainframe often occupies an entire cabinet. Its input/output（I/O）devices
and memory might fill an entire room. Microcomputers can be small enough
to fit on a desk or in a briefcase. As technology advances，the amount of
processing previously possible only on large machines becomes possible on
smaller machines. Microcomputers now can do much of the work that only
minicomputers or mainframes could do in the past. <BR>The classification
just described is based on physical size as opposed to storage size. A
computer system user is generally more concerned with storage size，because
that is a more direct indication of the amount of useful work that the
hardware can perform. Speed of computation is another characteristic that
is important to the user．Generally speaking，users want a fast CPU and
large amounts of storage，but a physically small machine for the I/O
devices and main memory. <BR>When computer scientists study
problems，therefore，they are concerned with space and time-the space
necessary inside a computer system to store a problem and the time
required to solve it. They commonly use the metric prefixes of Table 1-1
to express large or small quantities of space or time. <BR></DIV></TD></TR>
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<DIV align=center><A class=chinablue title=给他/她留言
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<DIV class=userInfoBox>积分：2575<BR>第二级</DIV>
<DIV class=userInfoBox>注册时间<BR>2006-6-12</DIV></DIV></TD>
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<DIV class=TitleInfoBox align=right>发表时间：2006-9-13 11:09:01 第1楼</DIV>
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<DIV id=cont_right style="WIDTH: 495px">每台计算机都有如下4种基本硬件部件： <BR> 输入设备；
<BR> 输出设备； <BR> 主存储器； <BR> 中央处理器。
<BR>图1-2以一个框图的形式展示了这几种部件。各框之间的连线代表信息流在总线上从一部件流向另一部件，总线简单地说就是连接各部件的一组线缆。处理是在CPU和主存储器中进行的。图1-2中通过总线相互连接的各部件的组成是很常见的。当然，也可能有其他配置。
<BR>计算机硬件常以相对体积大小来分类，如下所示： <BR> 小型，指微型计算机； <BR> 中型，指小型计算机； <BR>
大型，指大型计算机。
<BR> 一台大型机的CPU往往要占用一个机柜。它的输入输出（I/O）设备和存储器可能塞满一个屋子。微型计算机可以小到能放在桌子上或公文包里。随着技术的进步，以前只能在大型机上进行的大量处理工作，现在可以在更小的机器上进行。很多过去只能在小型或大型机上做的工作现在微型计算机都能完成。
<BR> 上面所述是按物理尺寸的大小不是按存储器的大小来分类的。计算机系统用户通常更关心存储器的大小，因为这更直接地表明硬件所能完成的有效工作量。运算速度对用户来说是另一个重要特性。一般来讲，用户需要快速的CPU和大容量存储器，而I/O设备和主存储器的体积则要小。
<BR> 因而，在计算机科学家研究问题时，他们所关心的是空间和时间－一计算机系统内部的必要空间是为了存储问题，而解决问题需要时间。他们通常使用表1-1中所列的词头去表示空间或时间量的大或小。
<BR></DIV></TD></TR>
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<DIV align=center><A class=chinablue title=给他/她留言
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src="软考英语精典短文每日一练中英对照(2006_9_13)_files/top-2.gif"><BR>
<DIV class=userInfoBox>积分：2575<BR>第二级</DIV>
<DIV class=userInfoBox>注册时间<BR>2006-6-12</DIV></DIV></TD>
<TD class=bbsmain style="WORD-BREAK: break-all; WHITE-SPACE: normal"
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<DIV class=TitleInfoBox align=right>发表时间：2006-9-13 11:10:05 第2楼</DIV>
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<DIV id=cont_right style="WIDTH: 495px">明天发剩下的一小段阅读跟习题哦，，，，</DIV></TD></TR>
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<DIV class=userInfoBox>积分：86<BR>第一级</DIV>
<DIV class=userInfoBox>注册时间<BR>2003-12-20</DIV></DIV></TD>
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<DIV class=TitleInfoBox align=right>发表时间：2006-9-13 22:50:56 第3楼</DIV>
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