中英对照欢迎使用linux.htm

软考英语精典短文每日一练汇总 软考英语精典短文每日一练汇总

      instead of wondering about whom to pay benefit licensing 
      fees．<BR><BR>Documentation for the many parts of Linux is not very far 
      away，either．The Linux Documentation Project（LDP）is an effort put together 
      by many dedicated and very smart individuals to provide 
      up-to-date，technically valuable information[3]．All of this LDP information 
      can be found on the Internet at various Linux source 
      repositories[4]．Each“HOWTO”document for Linux is the result of effort from 
      many Linux enthusiasts．The original authors of these documents are usually 
      also the core Linux developers who have put in hours of time and effort 
      while struggling with new features of Linux．These individuals are the ones 
      who deserve the credit．<BR><BR>1．What Is Linux<BR><BR><BR><BR>Linux is a 
      free UNIX clone that supports a wide range of software such as TeX，X 
      Window Systems，the GNU C/C＋＋compiler，and TCP/IP．It’s a versatile，very 
      UNIX-like implementation of UNIX，freely distributed by the terms of the 
      GNU General Public License．Linux is also very closely compliant with the 
      POSIX．1standard，so porting applications between Linux and UNIX systems is 
      a snap[5]．<BR><BR>New users of UNIX and Linux might be a bit intimidated 
      by the size and apparent complexity of the system before them．Many good 
      books on using UNIX and Linux are available，for all levels of expertise 
      ranging from novice to expert．<BR><BR>Although 95 percent of using Linux 
      is exactly like using other UNIX systems，the most straightforward way to 
      get going on your new system is with a book tailored for 
      Linux．<BR><BR>2．Linux Versus UNIX<BR><BR><BR><BR>Linux is not a trademark 
      and has no connection to the trademark UNIX．UNIX is one of the most 
      popular operating systems worldwide because of its large support base and 
      distribution．It was originally developed as a multitasking system for 
      minicomputers and mainframes in the mid-1970s，but it has since grown to 
      become one of the most widely used operating systems anywhere，despite its 
      sometimes confusing interface and lack of central 
      standardization．<BR><BR>3．What Do I Get with a Linux 
      System<BR><BR><BR><BR>Linux is a freely available and distributable 
      look-alike of UNIX developed primarily by Linus Torvalds at the University 
      of Helsinki in Finland．Linux was further developed with the help of many 
      UNIX programmers and wizards across the Internet．<BR><BR>Linux is 
      small，fast，and flexible．Linux has been publicly available since about 
      November 1991．Version 0．10 went out at that time，and version 0．11 followed 
      in December 1991．There are very few small bugs now，and in its current 
      state，Linux is most useful for people who are willing to port and write 
      new code．<BR><BR>Linux is in a constant state of development．Linux is 
      cheaper to get than most commercially available UNIX systems．If you have 
      the patience and access to the Internet，the only price you pay for Linux 
      is your time．For a nominal fee of anywhere from U. S．＄30 to U. S．＄200，you 
      can save yourself some time and get CD-ROM or floppy-disk distributions 
      from several commercial vendors．In my opinion，the most important advantage 
      of using Linux is that you get to work with a real kernel．All the kernel 
      source code is available for Linux，and you have the ability to modify it 
      to suit your needs．Looking at the kernel code is an educational experience 
      in itself．<BR><BR>Linux是UNIX操作系统的克隆，它运行在基于Intel 
      80x86的机器上，这里的x指3或比3大的数字。Linux非常易于移植，适应性很强，所以现在已经移植到如DEC Alpha， Power 
      PC，甚至Mac机上了。全世界所有的Linux爱好者每天都在取得进展，使这个免费的操作系统能运行在当今所有的普及型机器上。因为全部的Linux操作系统的源代码是免费的，所以开发者实际上只须花费时间来移植代码，却不用担心要向谁支付受益许可费。<BR><BR>Linux的许多文档，还远未流行开。Linux的文档计划（LDP）是把众多富有献身精神和极具智慧的个人的共同努力集中起来，以提供最新、技术上最有价值的信息的一项计划。所有的LDP文档信息都能在因特网上各种Linux储存库中找到。Linux的每个“HOWTO"文档都是Linux爱好者努力的结晶。这些文档的原作者，通常也是核心Linux的开发者，花费了许多时间和精力，为Linux的新特点而奋斗着。这些人理应享有赞誉。<BR><BR>1．什么是Linux<BR><BR>Linux是免费的UNIX的克隆，它支持的软件十分广泛，如TeX、Xwindow系统、GNU 
      C/C ++编译器TCP/IP等。它是通用的，实现起来非常像UNIX，并根据GNU的公用许可证（GPL）协议免费发行。Linux非常接近POSIX. 
      1标准，所以在Linux与UNIX 
      间移植应用程序非常快捷。<BR><BR>UNIX和Linux的新用户，可能对该系统的规模和表面的复杂性有些困惑有许多关于使用UNIX和Linux的好书，适合于从初学者到专家各种水平的都有。<BR><BR>Linux的使用，95％像其他UNIX系统，但是学习新系统的捷径却是使用专为Linux写的书。<BR><BR>2．Linux与UNIX<BR><BR>Linux不是商标，与UNIX这个商标也没有关系。UNIX是世界范围内最为流行的操作系统之一，因为它有庞大的支持库和发行系统。在20世纪70年代中期．它原是为小型机和大型机开发的多任务操作系统。后来，才发展成广泛使用的操作系统之一，尽管其界面有时含混，而且没有统一的标准。<BR><BR>3．用Linux系统能做什么<BR><BR>Linux这种酷似UNIX而且可以免费提供的操作系统，最初是由芬兰赫尔辛基大学的Linus 
      Torvalds研制的。后来Linux通过因特网，在许多UNIX程序设计人员和精英的帮助下进一步得到开发。<BR><BR>Linux具有小、快、灵的特点。大约在1991年11月，Linux开始公开发行。那时推出了0. 
      10版，接着在当年的12月份推出了0. 
      11版。现在Linux的错误极少，对于那些想移植和写新代码的人来说，是非常有用的。<BR><BR>Linux处于不断开发之中，它比起商业化的UNIX系统便宜。假如你有耐心访问因特网，你惟一的代价只是时间。在任何地方，名义价格仅在30美元至200美元之间。当然你也可以节约时间，从一些商业分销商手中获得CD-ROM，或者一些软盘。在我看来，使用Linux的最大好处就是可以用一个真正的内核工作。所有的内核源代码都可使用，并能加以修改以满足自己的需要。研究内核代码本身就是自学的好方法。<BR><BR><BR><BR></DIV></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
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