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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html><head><meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="style.css"><!-- Generated by The Open Group's rhtm tool v1.2.1 --><!-- Copyright (c) 2001-2004 IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights Reserved --><title>stdin</title></head><body bgcolor="white"><script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript" src="../jscript/codes.js"></script><basefont size="3"> <a name="stdin"></a> <a name="tag_03_718"></a><!-- stdin --> <!--header start--><center><font size="2">The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6<br>IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition<br>Copyright © 2001-2004 The IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights reserved.</font></center><!--header end--><hr size="2" noshade><h4><a name="tag_03_718_01"></a>NAME</h4><blockquote>stderr, stdin, stdout - standard I/O streams</blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_718_02"></a>SYNOPSIS</h4><blockquote class="synopsis"><p><code><tt>#include <<a href="../basedefs/stdio.h.html">stdio.h</a>><br><br> extern FILE *stderr, *stdin, *stdout;<br></tt></code></p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_718_03"></a>DESCRIPTION</h4><blockquote><div class="box"><sup>[<a href="javascript:open_code('CX')">CX</a>]</sup> <img src="../images/opt-start.gif" alt="[Option Start]"border="0"> The functionality described on this reference page is aligned with the ISO C standard. Any conflict between therequirements described here and the ISO C standard is unintentional. This volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 defers tothe ISO C standard. <img src="../images/opt-end.gif" alt="[Option End]" border="0"></div><p>A file with associated buffering is called a <i>stream</i> and is declared to be a pointer to a defined type <b>FILE</b>. The <ahref="../functions/fopen.html"><i>fopen</i>()</a> function shall create certain descriptive data for a stream and return a pointerto designate the stream in all further transactions. Normally, there are three open streams with constant pointers declared in the<a href="../basedefs/stdio.h.html"><i><stdio.h></i></a> header and associated with the standard open files.</p><p>At program start-up, three streams shall be predefined and need not be opened explicitly: <i>standard input</i> (for readingconventional input), <i>standard output</i> (for writing conventional output), and <i>standard error</i> (for writing diagnosticoutput). When opened, the standard error stream is not fully buffered; the standard input and standard output streams are fullybuffered if and only if the stream can be determined not to refer to an interactive device.</p><p><sup>[<a href="javascript:open_code('CX')">CX</a>]</sup> <img src="../images/opt-start.gif" alt="[Option Start]" border="0"> Thefollowing symbolic values in <a href="../basedefs/unistd.h.html"><i><unistd.h></i></a> define the file descriptors that shallbe associated with the C-language <i>stdin</i>, <i>stdout</i>, and <i>stderr</i> when the application is started:</p><dl compact><dt>STDIN_FILENO</dt><dd>Standard input value, <i>stdin</i>. Its value is 0.</dd><dt>STDOUT_FILENO</dt><dd>Standard output value, <i>stdout</i>. Its value is 1.</dd><dt>STDERR_FILENO</dt><dd>Standard error value, <i>stderr</i>. Its value is 2.</dd></dl><p>The <i>stderr</i> stream is expected to be open for reading and writing. <img src="../images/opt-end.gif" alt="[Option End]"border="0"></p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_718_04"></a>RETURN VALUE</h4><blockquote><p>None.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_718_05"></a>ERRORS</h4><blockquote><p>No errors are defined.</p></blockquote><hr><div class="box"><em>The following sections are informative.</em></div><h4><a name="tag_03_718_06"></a>EXAMPLES</h4><blockquote><p>None.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_718_07"></a>APPLICATION USAGE</h4><blockquote><p>None.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_718_08"></a>RATIONALE</h4><blockquote><p>None.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_718_09"></a>FUTURE DIRECTIONS</h4><blockquote><p>None.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_718_10"></a>SEE ALSO</h4><blockquote><p><a href="fclose.html"><i>fclose</i>()</a>, <a href="feof.html"><i>feof</i>()</a>, <a href="ferror.html"><i>ferror</i>()</a>,<a href="fileno.html"><i>fileno</i>()</a>, <a href="fopen.html"><i>fopen</i>()</a>, <a href="fread.html"><i>fread</i>()</a>, <ahref="fseek.html"><i>fseek</i>()</a>, <a href="getc.html"><i>getc</i>()</a>, <a href="gets.html"><i>gets</i>()</a>, <a href="popen.html"><i>popen</i>()</a>, <a href="printf.html"><i>printf</i>()</a>, <a href="putc.html"><i>putc</i>()</a>, <a href="puts.html"><i>puts</i>()</a>, <a href="read.html"><i>read</i>()</a>, <a href="scanf.html"><i>scanf</i>()</a>, <a href="setbuf.html"><i>setbuf</i>()</a>, <a href="setvbuf.html"><i>setvbuf</i>()</a>, <a href="tmpfile.html"><i>tmpfile</i>()</a>, <ahref="ungetc.html"><i>ungetc</i>()</a>, <a href="vprintf.html"><i>vprintf</i>()</a>, the Base Definitions volume ofIEEE Std 1003.1-2001, <a href="../basedefs/stdio.h.html"><i><stdio.h></i></a>, <a href="../basedefs/unistd.h.html"><i><unistd.h></i></a></p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_718_11"></a>CHANGE HISTORY</h4><blockquote><p>First released in Issue 1.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_718_12"></a>Issue 6</h4><blockquote><p>Extensions beyond the ISO C standard are marked.</p><p>A note that <i>stderr</i> is expected to be open for reading and writing is added to the DESCRIPTION.</p></blockquote><div class="box"><em>End of informative text.</em></div><hr size="2" noshade><center><font size="2"><!--footer start-->UNIX ® is a registered Trademark of The Open Group.<br>POSIX ® is a registered Trademark of The IEEE.<br>[ <a href="../mindex.html">Main Index</a> | <a href="../basedefs/contents.html">XBD</a> | <a href="../utilities/contents.html">XCU</a> | <a href="../functions/contents.html">XSH</a> | <a href="../xrat/contents.html">XRAT</a>]</font></center><!--footer end--><hr size="2" noshade></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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