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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html><head><meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="style.css"><!-- Generated by The Open Group's rhtm tool v1.2.1 --><!-- Copyright (c) 2001-2004 IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights Reserved --><title>strfmon</title></head><body bgcolor="white"><script type="text/javascript" language="JavaScript" src="../jscript/codes.js"></script><basefont size="3"> <a name="strfmon"></a> <a name="tag_03_728"></a><!-- strfmon --> <!--header start--><center><font size="2">The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 6<br>IEEE Std 1003.1, 2004 Edition<br>Copyright © 2001-2004 The IEEE and The Open Group, All Rights reserved.</font></center><!--header end--><hr size="2" noshade><h4><a name="tag_03_728_01"></a>NAME</h4><blockquote>strfmon - convert monetary value to a string</blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_728_02"></a>SYNOPSIS</h4><blockquote class="synopsis"><div class="box"><code><tt><sup>[<a href="javascript:open_code('XSI')">XSI</a>]</sup> <img src="../images/opt-start.gif" alt="[Option Start]" border="0"> #include <<a href="../basedefs/monetary.h.html">monetary.h</a>><br><br> ssize_t strfmon(char *restrict</tt> <i>s</i><tt>, size_t</tt> <i>maxsize</i><tt>,<br> const char *restrict</tt> <i>format</i><tt>, ...); <img src="../images/opt-end.gif" alt="[Option End]" border="0"></tt></code></div><tt><br></tt></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_728_03"></a>DESCRIPTION</h4><blockquote><p>The <i>strfmon</i>() function shall place characters into the array pointed to by <i>s</i> as controlled by the string pointedto by <i>format</i>. No more than <i>maxsize</i> bytes are placed into the array.</p><p>The format is a character string, beginning and ending in its initial state, if any, that contains two types of objects:<i>plain characters</i>, which are simply copied to the output stream, and <i>conversion specifications</i>, each of which shallresult in the fetching of zero or more arguments which are converted and formatted. The results are undefined if there areinsufficient arguments for the format. If the format is exhausted while arguments remain, the excess arguments are simplyignored.</p><p>The application shall ensure that a conversion specification consists of the following sequence:</p><ul><li><p>A <tt>'%'</tt> character</p></li><li><p>Optional flags</p></li><li><p>Optional field width</p></li><li><p>Optional left precision</p></li><li><p>Optional right precision</p></li><li><p>A required conversion specifier character that determines the conversion to be performed</p></li></ul><h5><a name="tag_03_728_03_01"></a>Flags</h5><p>One or more of the following optional flags can be specified to control the conversion:</p><dl compact><dt><tt>=</tt><i>f</i></dt><dd>An <tt>'='</tt> followed by a single character <i>f</i> which is used as the numeric fill character. In order to work withprecision or width counts, the fill character shall be a single byte character; if not, the behavior is undefined. The defaultnumeric fill character is the <space>. This flag does not affect field width filling which always uses the <space>.This flag is ignored unless a left precision (see below) is specified.</dd><dt><tt>^</tt></dt><dd>Do not format the currency amount with grouping characters. The default is to insert the grouping characters if defined for thecurrent locale.</dd><dt><tt>+</tt> or <tt>(</tt></dt><dd>Specify the style of representing positive and negative currency amounts. Only one of <tt>'+'</tt> or <tt>'('</tt> may bespecified. If <tt>'+'</tt> is specified, the locale's equivalent of <tt>'+'</tt> and <tt>'-'</tt> are used (for example, in theU.S., the empty string if positive and <tt>'-'</tt> if negative). If <tt>'('</tt> is specified, negative amounts are enclosedwithin parentheses. If neither flag is specified, the <tt>'+'</tt> style is used.</dd><dt><tt>!</tt></dt><dd>Suppress the currency symbol from the output conversion.</dd><dt><tt>-</tt></dt><dd>Specify the alignment. If this flag is present the result of the conversion is left-justified (padded to the right) rather thanright-justified. This flag shall be ignored unless a field width (see below) is specified.</dd></dl><h5><a name="tag_03_728_03_02"></a>Field Width</h5><dl compact><dt><i>w</i></dt><dd>A decimal digit string <i>w</i> specifying a minimum field width in bytes in which the result of the conversion isright-justified (or left-justified if the flag <tt>'-'</tt> is specified). The default is 0.</dd></dl><h5><a name="tag_03_728_03_03"></a>Left Precision</h5><dl compact><dt><tt>#</tt><i>n</i></dt><dd>A <tt>'#'</tt> followed by a decimal digit string <i>n</i> specifying a maximum number of digits expected to be formatted tothe left of the radix character. This option can be used to keep the formatted output from multiple calls to the <i>strfmon</i>()function aligned in the same columns. It can also be used to fill unused positions with a special character as in<tt>"$***123.45"</tt>. This option causes an amount to be formatted as if it has the number of digits specified by <i>n</i>. Ifmore than <i>n</i> digit positions are required, this conversion specification is ignored. Digit positions in excess of thoseactually required are filled with the numeric fill character (see the <tt>=</tt><i>f</i> flag above). <p>If grouping has not been suppressed with the <tt>'^'</tt> flag, and it is defined for the current locale, grouping separatorsare inserted before the fill characters (if any) are added. Grouping separators are not applied to fill characters even if the fillcharacter is a digit.</p><p>To ensure alignment, any characters appearing before or after the number in the formatted output such as currency or signsymbols are padded as necessary with <space>s to make their positive and negative formats an equal length.</p></dd></dl><h5><a name="tag_03_728_03_04"></a>Right Precision</h5><dl compact><dt><tt>.</tt><i>p</i></dt><dd>A period followed by a decimal digit string <i>p</i> specifying the number of digits after the radix character. If the value ofthe right precision <i>p</i> is 0, no radix character appears. If a right precision is not included, a default specified by thecurrent locale is used. The amount being formatted is rounded to the specified number of digits prior to formatting.</dd></dl><h5><a name="tag_03_728_03_05"></a>Conversion Specifier Characters</h5><p>The conversion specifier characters and their meanings are:</p><dl compact><dt><tt>i</tt></dt><dd>The <b>double</b> argument is formatted according to the locale's international currency format (for example, in the U.S.: USD1,234.56). If the argument is ±Inf or NaN, the result of the conversion is unspecified.</dd><dt><tt>n</tt></dt><dd>The <b>double</b> argument is formatted according to the locale's national currency format (for example, in the U.S.:$1,234.56). If the argument is ±Inf or NaN, the result of the conversion is unspecified.</dd><dt><tt>%</tt></dt><dd>Convert to a <tt>'%'</tt> ; no argument is converted. The entire conversion specification shall be <tt>%%</tt>.</dd></dl><h5><a name="tag_03_728_03_06"></a>Locale Information</h5><p>The <i>LC_MONETARY</i> category of the program's locale affects the behavior of this function including the monetary radixcharacter (which may be different from the numeric radix character affected by the <i>LC_NUMERIC</i> category), the groupingseparator, the currency symbols, and formats. The international currency symbol should be conformant with the ISO 4217:2001standard.</p><p>If the value of <i>maxsize</i> is greater than {SSIZE_MAX}, the result is implementation-defined.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_728_04"></a>RETURN VALUE</h4><blockquote><p>If the total number of resulting bytes including the terminating null byte is not more than <i>maxsize</i>, <i>strfmon</i>()shall return the number of bytes placed into the array pointed to by <i>s</i>, not including the terminating null byte. Otherwise,-1 shall be returned, the contents of the array are unspecified, and <i>errno</i> shall be set to indicate the error.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_728_05"></a>ERRORS</h4><blockquote><p>The <i>strfmon</i>() function shall fail if:</p><dl compact><dt>[E2BIG]</dt><dd>Conversion stopped due to lack of space in the buffer.</dd></dl></blockquote><hr><div class="box"><em>The following sections are informative.</em></div><h4><a name="tag_03_728_06"></a>EXAMPLES</h4><blockquote><p>Given a locale for the U.S. and the values 123.45, -123.45, and 3456.781, the following output might be produced. Squarebrackets ( <tt>"[]"</tt> ) are used in this example to delimit the output.</p><pre><tt>%n [$123.45] </tt> Default formatting <tt> [-$123.45] [$3,456.78]<br>%11n [ $123.45] </tt> Right align within an 11-character field <tt> [ -$123.45] [ $3,456.78]<br>%#5n [ $ 123.45] </tt> Aligned columns for values up to 99999 <tt> [-$ 123.45] [ $ 3,456.78]<br>%=*#5n [ $***123.45] </tt> Specify a fill character <tt> [-$***123.45] [ $*3,456.78]<br>%=0#5n [ $000123.45] </tt> Fill characters do not use grouping <tt> [-$000123.45] </tt> even if the fill character is a digit <tt> [ $03,456.78]<br>%^#5n [ $ 123.45] </tt> Disable the grouping separator <tt> [-$ 123.45] [ $ 3456.78]<br>%^#5.0n [ $ 123] </tt> Round off to whole units <tt> [-$ 123] [ $ 3457]<br>%^#5.4n [ $ 123.4500] </tt> Increase the precision <tt> [-$ 123.4500] [ $ 3456.7810]<br>%(#5n [$ 123.45] </tt> Use an alternative pos/neg style <tt> [($ 123.45)] [$ 3,456.78]<br>%!(#5n [ 123.45] </tt> Disable the currency symbol <tt> [( 123.45)] [ 3,456.78]<br>%-14#5.4n [ $ 123.4500 ] </tt> Left-justify the output <tt> [-$ 123.4500 ] [ $ 3,456.7810 ]<br>%14#5.4n [ $ 123.4500] </tt> Corresponding right-justified output <tt> [ -$ 123.4500] [ $ 3,456.7810]</tt></pre><p>See also the EXAMPLES section in <a href="../functions/fprintf.html"><i>fprintf</i>()</a>.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_728_07"></a>APPLICATION USAGE</h4><blockquote><p>None.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_728_08"></a>RATIONALE</h4><blockquote><p>None.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_728_09"></a>FUTURE DIRECTIONS</h4><blockquote><p>Lowercase conversion characters are reserved for future standards use and uppercase for implementation-defined use.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_728_10"></a>SEE ALSO</h4><blockquote><p><a href="fprintf.html"><i>fprintf</i>()</a>, <a href="localeconv.html"><i>localeconv</i>()</a>, the Base Definitions volume ofIEEE Std 1003.1-2001, <a href="../basedefs/monetary.h.html"><i><monetary.h></i></a></p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_728_11"></a>CHANGE HISTORY</h4><blockquote><p>First released in Issue 4.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_728_12"></a>Issue 5</h4><blockquote><p>Moved from ENHANCED I18N to BASE.</p><p>The [ENOSYS] error is removed.</p><p>A sentence is added to the DESCRIPTION warning about values of <i>maxsize</i> that are greater than {SSIZE_MAX}.</p></blockquote><h4><a name="tag_03_728_13"></a>Issue 6</h4><blockquote><p>The DESCRIPTION is updated to avoid use of the term "must" for application requirements.</p><p>The <b>restrict</b> keyword is added to the <i>strfmon</i>() prototype for alignment with the ISO/IEC 9899:1999standard.</p><p>The EXAMPLES section is reworked, clarifying the output format.</p></blockquote><div class="box"><em>End of informative text.</em></div><hr size="2" noshade><center><font size="2"><!--footer start-->UNIX ® is a registered Trademark of The Open Group.<br>POSIX ® is a registered Trademark of The IEEE.<br>[ <a href="../mindex.html">Main Index</a> | <a href="../basedefs/contents.html">XBD</a> | <a href="../utilities/contents.html">XCU</a> | <a href="../functions/contents.html">XSH</a> | <a href="../xrat/contents.html">XRAT</a>]</font></center><!--footer end--><hr size="2" noshade></body></html>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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