linux caijian.txt

关于Linux嵌入裁减的技术文档

Linux Kernel v2.4.20-8-R2Lips Configuration
[1] Code maturity level options --->
[2] Loadable module support --->
[3] Processor type and features --->
[4] General setup --->
[5] Memory Technology Devices (MTD) --->
[6] Parallel port support --->
[7] Plug and Play configuration --->
[8] Block devices --->
[9] Multi-device support (RAID and LVM) --->
[10] Cryptography support (CryptoAPI) --->
[11] Networking options --->
[12] Telephony Support --->
[13] ATA/IDE/MFM/RLL support --->
[14] SCSI support --->
[15] Fusion MPT device support --->
[16] I2O device support --->
[17] Network device support --->
[18] Amateur Radio support --->
[19] IrDA (infrared) support --->
[20] ISDN subsystem --->
[21] Old CD-ROM drivers (not SCSI, not IDE) --->
[22] Input core support --->
[23] Character devices --->
[24] Multimedia devices --->
[25] Crypto Hardware support --->
[26] File systems --->
[27] Console drivers --->
[28] Sound --->
[29] USB support --->
[30] Additional device driver support --->
[31] Bluetooth support --->
[32] Kernel hacking --->
[33] Library routines --->
Load an Alternate Configuration File
Save Configuration to an Alternate File
<Select> < Exit > < Help >
　　下面我们以2.4.20内核为例，来详细说明内核的配置，也就是选哪些东西、不
选哪些东西。没有说明的选项，比如“Code maturity level options”，表示不选
。
4.2.2 Loadable module support
Enable loadable module support
[ ] Set version information on all module symbols
Kernel module loader
　　可加载模块支持。虽然目前所选项目全部编译进内核，但是内核是支持模块的
。可以考虑将一些硬件设备的驱动程序编译为模块，从而减小内核尺寸，同时增加
适应不同硬件平台的灵活性。
4.2.3 Processor type and features
(Pentium-III/Celeron(Coppermine)) Processor family
Machine Check Exception
< > Toshiba Laptop support
< > Dell laptop support
< > /dev/cpu/microcode - Intel IA32 CPU microcode support
< > /dev/cpu/*/msr - Model-specific register support
< > /dev/cpu/*/cpuid - CPU information support
(off) High Memory Support
[ ] Math emulation
[ ] MTRR (Memory Type Range Register) support
[ ] Symmetric multi-processing support
[ ] Local APIC support on uniprocessors
[ ] Unsynced TSC support
　　处理器特性。选择一下Processor family，其余基本上都没有选。High Memor
y Support也可以打开，不清楚有什么用。
4.2.4 General setup
Networking support
PCI support
(Any) PCI access mode
ISA bus support
PCI device name database
[ ] EISA support
[ ] MCA support
[ ] Support for hot-pluggable devices
System V IPC
BSD Process Accounting
Sysctl support
(ELF) Kernel core (/proc/kcore) format
< > Kernel support for a.out binaries
<*> Kernel support for ELF binaries
< > Kernel support for MISC binaries
Power Management support
< > Kernel support for MISC binaries
Power Management support
<*> Advanced Power Management BIOS support
Ignore USER SUSPEND
Enable PM at boot time
Make CPU Idle calls when idle
Enable console blanking using APM
RTC stores time in GMT
Allow interrupts during APM BIOS calls
Use real mode APM BIOS call to power off
　　总体设置。这一部分选项比较重要，包括网络、总线、进程、二进制文件格式
、电源管理等。其中APM相关的选项比较搞不清楚，有时候halt –p命令不能关闭系
统电源跟这里有关系。
4.2.5 Plug and Play configuration
<*> Plug and Play support
< > ISA Plug and Play support
　　即插即用设置。
4.2.6 Block devices
<*> Normal floppy disk support
< > XT hard disk support
< > Compaq SMART2 support
< > Compaq Smart Array 5xxx support
< > Mylex DAC960/DAC1100 PCI RAID Controller support
<*> Loopback device support
< > Network block device support
<*> RAM disk support
(4096) Default RAM disk size
Initial RAM disk (initrd) support
Per partition statistics in /proc/partitions
　　块设备。软驱也可以不选。这里的关键选项是Loopback device，RAM disk和i
nitrd，一定要选中。Default RAM disk size多少都没有关系。
4.2.7 Multi-device support (RAID and LVM)
Multiple devices driver support (RAID and LVM)
<*> RAID support
<*> Linear (append) mode
<*> RAID-0 (striping) mode
<*> RAID-1 (mirroring) mode
<*> RAID-4/RAID-5 mode
<*> Multipath I/O support
<*> Logical volume manager (LVM) support
　　MD支持。软RAID和LVM的支持在这里选择，如果不使用，也可以不选。
4.2.8 Networking options
<*> Packet socket
Packet socket: mmapped IO
< > Netlink device emulation
Network packet filtering (replaces ipchains)
[ ] Network packet filtering debugging
Socket Filtering
<*> Unix domain sockets
TCP/IP networking
IP: multicasting
IP: advanced router
[ ] IP: policy routing
[ ] IP: equal cost multipath
[ ] IP: use TOS value as routing key
[ ] IP: verbose route monitoring
[ ] IP: large routing tables
IP: kernel level autoconfiguration
IP: DHCP support
IP: BOOTP support
IP: RARP support
<*> IP: tunneling
< > IP: GRE tunnels over IP
[ ] IP: multicast routing
[ ] IP: TCP Explicit Congestion Notification support
[ ] IP: TCP syncookie support (disabled per default)
IP: Netfilter Configuration --->
< > 802.1Q VLAN Support
---
< > The IPX protocol
< > Appletalk protocol support
Appletalk devices --->
< > DECnet Support
< > 802.1d Ethernet Bridging
QoS and/or fair queueing --->
Network testing --->
　　网络选项。这里选项也比较多，如果没有什么特殊要求，又不是十分理解这些
选项的意义，基本上可以用缺省设置。注意DHCP选项，如果要用到的话要记得选中
这个。
　　IP: Netfilter Configuration（跟iptables有关）等几个子选项都没有选。
4.2.9 ATA/IDE/MFM/RLL support
<*> ATA/IDE/MFM/RLL support
IDE, ATA and ATAPI Block devices --->
<*> Enhanced IDE/MFM/RLL disk/cdrom/tape/floppy support
--- Please see Documentation/ide.txt for help/info on IDE drives
[ ] Use old disk-only driver on primary interface
<*> Include IDE/ATA-2 DISK support
Use multi-mode by default
Auto-Geometry Resizing support
<*> Include IDE/ATAPI CDROM support
< > Include IDE/ATAPI TAPE support
< > Include IDE/ATAPI FLOPPY support
<*> SCSI emulation support
[ ] IDE Taskfile Access
--- IDE chipset support/bugfixes
[ ] CMD640 chipset bugfix/support
[ ] RZ1000 chipset bugfix/support
Generic PCI IDE chipset support
Sharing PCI IDE interrupts support
Generic PCI bus-master DMA support
[ ] Boot off-board chipsets first support
[ ] Force enable legacy 2.0.X HOSTS to use DMA
Use PCI DMA by default when available
[ ] Enable DMA only for disks
[ ] AEC62XX chipset support
[ ] ALI M15x3 chipset support
[ ] AMD Viper support
[ ] CMD64X and CMD680 chipset support
[ ] CY82C693 chipset support
[ ] Cyrix CS5530 MediaGX chipset support
[ ] HPT34X chipset support
[ ] HPT366/368/370 chipset support
Intel PIIXn chipsets support
PIIXn Tuning support
[ ] PROMISE PDC202{46|62|65|67|68|69|70} support
[ ] ServerWorks OSB4/CSB5 chipsets support
[ ] SiS5513 chipset support
[ ] SLC90E66 chipset support
[ ] VIA82CXXX chipset support
[ ] Other IDE chipset support
[ ] IGNORE word93 Validation BITS
　　IDE设备支持。要用IDE硬盘，当然要选中。CDROM选项看情况也可以不要。SCS
I emulation似乎对使用USB盘有影响。剩下的很多都是跟IDE chipset有关的。
　　最好是用dmesg命令找出目标系统主板芯片组，然后选中对应的芯片组支持，这
样相当于安装了IDE芯片组的驱动程序。如果没有指定应该也可以，只是性能可能会
受到一些影响。
4.2.10 SCSI support
<*> SCSI support
--- SCSI support type (disk, tape, CD-ROM)
<*> SCSI disk support
(40) Maximum number of SCSI disks that can be loaded as modules
< > SCSI tape support
< > SCSI OnStream SC-x0 tape support
< > SCSI CD-ROM support
<*> SCSI generic support
--- Some SCSI devices (e.g. CD jukebox) support multiple LUNs
[ ] Enable extra checks in new queueing code
[ ] Probe all LUNs on each SCSI device
[ ] Verbose SCSI error reporting (kernel size +=12K)
[ ] SCSI logging facility
SCSI low-level drivers --->
　　SCSI支持。如果要用到SCSI硬盘等SCSI设备，这里当然要选。目前我们的目标
系统其实没有SCSI硬盘，但是为了使用USB盘，也要选中SCSI支持。
　　SCSI low-level drivers子选项中是一些SCSI卡，都不用选。
4.2.11 Network device support
Network device support
ARCnet devices --->
< > Dummy net driver support
< > Bonding driver support
< > EQL (serial line load balancing) support
< > Universal TUN/TAP device driver support
Ethernet (10 or 100Mbit) --->
Ethernet (10 or 100Mbit)
EISA, VLB, PCI and on board controllers
<*> EtherExpressPro/100 support (eepro100, original Becker driv
er
<*> RealTek RTL-8139 PCI Fast Ethernet Adapter support
Ethernet (1000 Mbit) --->
[ ] FDDI driver support
< > PPP (point-to-point protocol) support
< > SLIP (serial line) support
Wireless LAN (non-hamradio) --->
Token Ring devices --->
[ ] Fibre Channel driver support
Wan interfaces --->
　　网络设备支持。主要选择网卡类型，Ethernet (10 or 100Mbit)子选项中列出
了内核可以支持的10/100M以太网卡，这里仅列出了我们选中的2种。其他子选项都
没有选。
4.2.12 Character devices
Virtual terminal
Support for console on virtual terminal
<*> Standard/generic (8250/16550 and compatible UARTs) serial suppo
rt
Support for console on serial port
[ ] Extended dumb serial driver options
[ ] Non-standard serial port support
[ ] Unix98 PTY support
I2C support --->
Mice --->
Joysticks --->
< > QIC-02 tape support
Watchdog Cards --->
< > AMD 768 Random Number Generator support
< > Intel i8x0 Random Number Generator support
< > AMD 76x native power management (Experimental)
< > /dev/nvram support
< > Enhanced Real Time Clock Support
< > Double Talk PC internal speech card support
< > Siemens R3964 line discipline
< > Applicom intelligent fieldbus card support
Ftape, the floppy tape device driver --->
< > /dev/agpgart (AGP Support)
[ ] Direct Rendering Manager (XFree86 DRI support)
< > ACP Modem (Mwave) support
　　字符设备。这里主要就是选择了最前面4个跟终端和串口有关的选项，以支持虚
拟终端（远程登录要用到），支持标准串口，支持串口控制台。
4.2.13 File systems
Quota support
< > Kernel automounter support
<*> Kernel automounter version 4 support (also supports v3)
<*> Reiserfs support
[ ] Enable reiserfs debug mode