bp.doc

该算法的缺点是计算量大

神经网络BP算法(C程序)
文件输入输出目录为：F:BP

训练样本文件名：训练样本.txt

值为：

1
1
-1
1
-1
1
0
1
0
1

输出文件名为：阈值.txt   权值.txt

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#include "stdlib.h"
#include "math.h"
#include "conio.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#define N 2 /*/学习样本个数*/
#define IN 3 /*/输入层神经元数目*/
#define HN 3 /*/隐层神经元数目*/
#define ON 2 /*/输出层神经元数目*/
#define Z 20 /*/旧权值保存-》每次study的权值都保存下来*/
double P[IN]; /*/单个样本输入数据*/
double T[ON]; /*/单个样本教师数据*/
double W[HN][IN]; /*/输入层至隐层权值*/
double V[ON][HN]; /*/隐层至输出层权值*/
double X[HN]; /*/隐层的输入*/
double Y[ON]; /*/输出层的输入*/
double H[HN]; /*/隐层的输出*/
double O[ON]; /*/输出层的输出*/
double YU_HN[HN]; /*/隐层的阈值*/
double YU_ON[ON]; /*/输出层的阈值*/
double err_m[N]; /*/第m个样本的总误差*/
double a; /*/输出层至隐层的学习效率*/
double b; /*/隐层至输入层学习效率*/
double alpha; /*/动量因子，改进型bp算法使用*/
double d_err[ON];

FILE *fp;
/*定义一个放学习样本的结构*/
struct {
double input[IN];
double teach[ON];
}Study_Data[N];

/*改进型bp算法用来保存每次计算的权值*/
struct {
double old_W[HN][IN];
double old_V[ON][HN];
}Old_WV[Z];


int Start_Show()
{
clrscr();
printf("n               ***********************n");
printf("               *   Welcome to use   *n");
printf("               * this program of   *n");
printf("               * calculating the BP *n");
printf("               *     model!       *n");
printf("               *   Happy every day! *n");
printf("               ***********************n");
printf("nnBefore starting,please read the follows carefully:nn");
printf("   1.Please ensure the Path of the '训练样本.txt'(xunlianyangben.txt) is ncorrect,like 'F:BP训练样本.txt'!n");
printf("   2.The calculating results will be saved in the Path of 'F:\BP\'!n");
printf("   3.The program will load 10 datas when running from 'F:\BP\训练样本.txt'!n");
printf("   4.The program of BP can study itself for no more than 30000 times.nAnd surpassing the number,the program will be ended by itself innpreventing running infinitely because of error!n");
printf("nnn");
printf("Now press any key to start...n");
getch();
getch();
clrscr();
}

int End_Show()
{
printf("nn---------------------------------------------------n");
printf("The program has reached the end successfully!nnPress any key to exit!nn");
printf("n               ***********************n");
printf("               *   This is the end *n");
printf("               * of the program which*n");
printf("               * can calculate the BP*n");
printf("               *     model!       *n");
printf("               ***********************n");
printf("               * Thanks for using! *n");
printf("               *   Happy every day! *n");
printf("               ***********************n");
getch();
exit(0);
}

GetTrainingData()     /*OK*/
{ int m,i,j;
int datr;

if((fp=fopen("f:\bp\训练样本.txt","r"))==NULL)       /*读取训练样本*/
{
printf("Cannot open file strike any key exit!");
getch();
exit(1);
}

m=0;
i=0;
j=0;
while(fscanf(fp,"%d",&datr)!=EOF)
{j++;
if(j<=(N*IN))
  {if(i   {
    Study_Data[m].input=datr;
    /*printf("nthe Study_Datat[%d].input[%d]=%fn",m,i,Study_Data[m].input);getch();*/ /*use to check the loaded training datas*/
    }
  if(m==(N-1)&&i==(IN-1))
    {
    m=0;
    i=-1;
    }
  if(i==(IN-1))
    {
    m++;
    i=-1;
    }
  }
  else if((N*IN)   {if(i     {Study_Data[m].teach=datr;
    /*printf("nThe Study_Data[%d].teach[%d]=%f",m,i,Study_Data[m].teach);getch();*/ /*use to check the loaded training datas*/
    }
  if(m==(N-1)&&i==(ON-1))
    printf("n");

  if(i==(ON-1))
    {m++;
    i=-1;
    }
  }
i++;
}
fclose(fp);
printf("nThere are [%d] datats that have been loaded successfully!n",j);


/*show the data which has been loaded!*/
printf("nShow the data which has been loaded as follows:n");
for(m=0;m {for(i=0;i   {printf("nStudy_Data[%d].input[%d]=%f",m,i,Study_Data[m].input);
  }
for(j=0;j   {printf("nStudy_Data[%d].teach[%d]=%f",m,j,Study_Data[m].teach[j]);
  }
}
printf("nnPress any key to start calculating...");
getch();
return 1;
}


/*///////////////////////////////////*/
/*初始化权、阈值子程序*/
/*///////////////////////////////////*/
initial()
{int i;
int ii;
int j;
int jj;
int k;
int kk;
/*隐层权、阈值初始化*/

for(i=0;i {
for(j=1;j   {W[j]=(double)((rand()/32767.0)*2-1); /*初始化输入层到隐层的权值，随机模拟0 和 1 -1 */
  printf("w[%d][%d]=%fn",i,j,W[j]);
  }
}
for(ii=0;ii {
for(jj=0;jj   {V[ii][jj]= (double)((rand()/32767.0)*2-1); /*初始化隐层到输出层的权值，随机模拟0 和 1 -1*/
  printf("V[%d][%d]=%fn",ii,jj,V[ii][jj]);
  }
}
for(k=0;k {
YU_HN[k] = (double)((rand()/32767.0)*2-1); /*隐层阈值初始化 ,-0.01 ~ 0.01 之间*/
printf("YU_HN[%d]=%fn",k,YU_HN[k]);
}
for(kk=0;kk {
YU_ON[kk] = (double)((rand()/32767.0)*2-1); /*输出层阈值初始化 ,-0.01 ~ 0.01 之间*/
}
return 1;
}/*子程序initial()结束*/


/*//////////////////////////////////////////*/
/*第m个学习样本输入子程序*/
/*/////////////////////////////////////////*/
input_P(int m)
{ int i,j;

for(i=0;i {P=Study_Data[m].input;
  printf("P[%d]=%fn",i,P);
}
/*获得第m个样本的数据*/
return 1;
}/*子程序input_P(m）结束*/

/*/////////////////////////////////////////*/
/*第m个样本教师信号子程序*/
/*/////////////////////////////////////////*/
input_T(int m)
{int k;

for(k=0;k T[k]=Study_Data[m].teach[k];
return 1;
}/*子程序input_T(m)结束*/


H_I_O()
{
double sigma;
int i,j;
for(j=0;j {
  sigma=0;
  for(i=0;i   {sigma+=W[j]*P;/*求隐层内积*/
  }

  X[j]=sigma-YU_HN;/*求隐层净输入，为什么减隐层的阀值*/
  H[j]=1.0/(1.0+exp(-X[j]));/*求隐层输出 siglon算法*/
  }
return 1;
}/*子程序H_I_O()结束*/


O_I_O()
{int k;
int j;
double sigma;
for(k=0;k {
sigma=0.0;
for(j=0;j {
  sigma+=V[k][j]*H[k];
}
Y[k]=sigma-YU_ON[k];
O[k]=1.0/(1.0+exp(-Y[k]));
}
return 1;
}


int Err_O_H(int m)
{int k;
double abs_err[ON];
double sqr_err=0;
for (k=0;k {
abs_err[k]=T[k]-O[k];
sqr_err+=(abs_err[k])*(abs_err[k]);
d_err[k]=abs_err[k]*O[k]*(1.0-O[k]);
err_m[m]=sqr_err/2;
}
return 1;
}


double e_err[HN];
int Err_H_I()
{
int j,k;
double sigma;
for(j=0;j {
sigma=0.0;
for(k=0;k {
  sigma=d_err[k]*V[k][j];
  }
e_err[j]=sigma*H[j]*(1-H[j]);
}
return 1;
}


saveWV(int m)
{int i;
int ii;
int j;
int jj;
for(i=0;i {
  for(j=0;j   {
  Old_WV[m].old_W[j] = W[j];
  }
}
for(ii=0;ii {
  for(jj=0;jj   {
  Old_WV[m].old_V[ii][jj] = V[ii][jj];
  }
}
return 1;
}


int Delta_O_H(int n)           /*(int m,int n)*/
{int k,j;
if(n<1) /*n<=1*/
{
  for (k=0;k   {
  for (j=0;j     {
    V[k][j]=V[k][j]+a*d_err[k]*H[j];
    }
  YU_ON[k]+=a*d_err[k];
  }
}
else if(n>1)
{
  for (k=0;k   {
  for (j=0;j     {
    V[k][j]=V[k][j]+a*d_err[k]*H[j]+alpha*(V[k][j]-Old_WV[(n-1)].old_V[k][j]);
    }
  YU_ON[k]+=a*d_err[k];
  }
}
return 1;
}

Delta_H_I(int n)           /*(int m,int n)*/
{ int i,j;

if(n<=1)   /*n<=1*/
{
for (j=0;j   {
  for (i=0;i   {
    W[j]=W[j]+b*e_err[j]*P;
  }
  YU_HN[j]+=b*e_err[j];
  }
}
else if(n>1)
{
for(j=0;j   {
  for(i=0;i   {
    W[j]=W[j]+b*e_err[j]*P+alpha*(W[j]-Old_WV[(n-1)].old_W[j]);
  }
  YU_HN[j]+=b*e_err[j];
  }
}
return 1;
}


double Err_Sum()
{int m;
double total_err=0;
for(m=0;m {
total_err+=err_m[m];
}
return total_err;
}


void savequan()
{ int i,j,k;
int ii,jj,kk;

if((fp=fopen("f:\bp\权值.txt","a"))==NULL)       /*save the result at f:hszbpc*.txt*/
{
printf("Cannot open file strike any key exit!");
getch();
exit(1);
}

fprintf(fp,"Save the result of “权值”(quanzhi) as follows:n");
for(i=0;i {
for(j=0;j fprintf(fp,"W[%d][%d]=%fn",i,j,W[j]);
}
fprintf(fp,"n");
for(ii=0;ii {
for(jj=0;jj fprintf(fp,"V[%d][%d]=%fn",ii,jj,V[ii][jj]);
}
fclose(fp);
printf("nThe result of “权值.txt”(quanzhi) has been saved successfully!nPress any key to continue...");
getch();


if((fp=fopen("f:\bp\阈值.txt","a"))==NULL)       /*save the result at f:hszbpc*/
{
printf("Cannot open file strike any key exit!");
getch();
exit(1);
}
fprintf(fp,"Save the result of “输出层的阈值”(huozhi) as follows:n");
for(k=0;k   fprintf(fp,"YU_ON[%d]=%fn",k,YU_ON[k]);

fprintf(fp,"nSave the result of “隐层的阈值为”(huozhi) as follows:n");
for(kk=0;kk fprintf(fp,"YU_HN[%d]=%fn",kk,YU_HN[kk]);

fclose(fp);
printf("nThe result of “阈值.txt”(huozhi) has been saved successfully!nPress any key to continue...");
getch();
}

/**********************/
/**程序入口，即主程序**/
/**********************/

void main()
{double Pre_error;
double sum_err;
int study;
int flag;
flag=30000;
a=0.7;
b=0.7;
alpha=0.9;
study=0;
Pre_error=0.0001;/*实际值为Pre_error=0.0001;*/

Start_Show();
GetTrainingData();
initial();

do
{int m;
++study;
for(m=0;m   {
  input_P(m);
  input_T(m);
  H_I_O();
  O_I_O();
  Err_O_H(m);
  Err_H_I();
  saveWV(m);       /****************/
  Delta_O_H(m);                   /*(m,study)*/
  Delta_H_I(m);                     /*(m,study)*/
  }
sum_err=Err_Sum();
printf("sum_err=%fn",sum_err);
printf("Pre_error=%fnn",Pre_error);

if(study>flag)
  {
  printf("n*******************************n");
  printf("The program is ended by itself because of error!nThe learning times is surpassed!n");
  printf("*****************************n");
  getch();
  break;
  }

}while (sum_err>Pre_error);

printf("n****************n");
printf("nThe program have studyed for [%d] times!n",study);
printf("n****************n");
savequan();     /*save the results*/
End_Show();
}

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权值.txt

{Save the result of “权值”(quanzhi) as follows:
W[0][0]=0.350578
W[0][1]=-1.008697
W[0][2]=-0.962250
W[1][0]=0.055661
W[1][1]=-0.372367
W[1][2]=-0.890795
W[2][0]=0.129752
W[2][1]=-0.332591
W[2][2]=-0.521561

V[0][0]=-2.932654
V[0][1]=-3.720583
V[0][2]=-2.648183
V[1][0]=2.938970
V[1][1]=1.633281
V[1][2]=1.944077

}

阈值.txt

{Save the result of “输出层的阈值”(huozhi) as follows:
YU_ON[0]=-4.226843
YU_ON[1]=1.501791

Save the result of “隐层的阈值为”(huozhi) as follows:
YU_HN[0]=-0.431459
YU_HN[1]=0.452127
YU_HN[2]=0.258449

}

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