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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html><head>  <meta name="generator" content=  "HTML Tidy for Linux/x86 (vers 1 September 2005), see www.w3.org">  <title>template</title>  <link href="../cppreference.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"></head><body><table>  <tr>  <td>  <div class="body-content">  <div class="header-box">    <a href="../index.html">cppreference.com</a> &gt; <a href=    "index.html">C/C++ Keywords</a> &gt; <a href=    "template.html">template</a>  </div>  <div class="name-format">    template  </div>  <div class="syntax-name-format">    Syntax:  </div>  <pre class="syntax-box">  template &lt;class data-type&gt; return-type name( parameter-list ) {  statement-list;  }</pre>  <p>Templates are used to create generic functions and can operate on  data without knowing the nature of that data. They accomplish this by  using a placeholder data-type for which many other <a href=  "../data_types.html">data types</a> can be substituted.</p>  <div class="related-examples-format">    Example code:  </div>  <div class="related-examples">    <p>For example, the following code uses a template to define a    generic swap function that can swap two variables of any type:</p>    <pre class="example-code">   template&lt;class X&gt; void genericSwap( X &amp;a, X &amp;b ) {     X tmp;                  tmp = a;     a = b;     b = tmp;   }   int main(void) {     ...     int num1 = 5;     int num2 = 21;     cout &lt;&lt; &quot;Before, num1 is &quot; &lt;&lt; num1 &lt;&lt; &quot; and num2 is &quot; &lt;&lt; num2 &lt;&lt; endl;     genericSwap( num1, num2 );     cout &lt;&lt; &quot;After, num1 is &quot; &lt;&lt; num1 &lt;&lt; &quot; and num2 is &quot; &lt;&lt; num2 &lt;&lt; endl;     char c1 = &#39;a&#39;;     char c2 = &#39;z&#39;;     cout &lt;&lt; &quot;Before, c1 is &quot; &lt;&lt; c1 &lt;&lt; &quot; and c2 is &quot; &lt;&lt; c2 &lt;&lt; endl;     genericSwap( c1, c2 );     cout &lt;&lt; &quot;After, c1 is &quot; &lt;&lt; c1 &lt;&lt; &quot; and c2 is &quot; &lt;&lt; c2 &lt;&lt; endl;     ...     return( 0 );   }            </pre>  </div>  <div class="related-name-format">    Related topics:  </div>  <div class="related-content">    <a href="typename.html">typename</a>  </div>  </div>  </td>    </tr>  </table></body></html>
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