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从www.CppReference.com打包的C++参考手册

  <p>The fmod() function returns the remainder of
  <em>x</em>/<em>y</em>.</p>

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  <div class="name-format">
    frexp
  </div>

  <div class="syntax-name-format">
    Syntax:
  </div>
  <pre class="syntax-box">
  #include &lt;math.h&gt;
  double frexp( double num, int* exp );
</pre>

  <p>The function frexp() is used to decompose <em>num</em> into two
  parts: a mantissa between 0.5 and 1 (returned by the function) and an
  exponent returned as <em>exp</em>. Scientific notation works like
  this:</p>
  <pre class="example-code">
   num = mantissa * (2 ^ exp)           
</pre>

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  <div class="name-format">
    labs
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    Syntax:
  </div>
  <pre class="syntax-box">
  #include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
  long labs( long num );
</pre>

  <p>The function labs() returns the absolute value of
  <em>num</em>.</p>

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  <div class="name-format">
    ldexp
  </div>

  <div class="syntax-name-format">
    Syntax:
  </div>
  <pre class="syntax-box">
  #include &lt;math.h&gt;
  double ldexp( double num, int exp );
</pre>

  <p>The ldexp() function returns <em>num</em> * (2 ^ <em>exp</em>).
  And get this: if an overflow occurs, <strong>HUGE_VAL</strong> is
  returned.</p>

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  <div class="name-format">
    ldiv
  </div>

  <div class="syntax-name-format">
    Syntax:
  </div>
  <pre class="syntax-box">
  #include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
  <strong>l</strong>div_t ldiv( long numerator, long denominator );
</pre>

  <p>Testing: <strong>a</strong>div_t, <strong>div_t</strong>,
  <strong>l</strong>div_t.</p>

  <p>The ldiv() function returns the quotient and remainder of the
  operation <em>numerator</em> / <em>denominator</em>. The
  <strong>l</strong>div_t structure is defined in stdlib.h and has at
  least:</p>
  <pre class="example-code">
   long quot;  // the quotient
   long rem;   // the remainder         
</pre>

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  <div class="name-format">
    log
  </div>

  <div class="syntax-name-format">
    Syntax:
  </div>
  <pre class="syntax-box">
  #include &lt;math.h&gt;
  double log( double num );
</pre>

  <p>The function log() returns the natural (base e) logarithm of
  <em>num</em>.  There&#39;s a domain error if <em>num</em> is
  negative, a range error if <em>num</em> is zero.</p>

  <p>In order to calculate the logarithm of <em>x</em> to an arbitrary
  base <em>b</em>, you can use:</p>
  <pre class="example-code">
  double answer = log(x) / log(b);
</pre>

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  <div class="name-format">
    log10
  </div>

  <div class="syntax-name-format">
    Syntax:
  </div>
  <pre class="syntax-box">
  #include &lt;math.h&gt;
  double log10( double num );
</pre>

  <p>The log10() function returns the base 10 (or common) logarithm for
  <em>num</em>. There&#39;s a domain error if <em>num</em> is negative,
  a range error if <em>num</em> is zero.</p>

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  <div class="name-format">
    modf
  </div>

  <div class="syntax-name-format">
    Syntax:
  </div>
  <pre class="syntax-box">
  #include &lt;math.h&gt;
  double modf( double num, double *i );
</pre>

  <p>The function modf() splits <em>num</em> into its integer and
  fraction parts. It returns the fractional part and loads the integer
  part into <em>i</em>.</p>

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  <div class="name-format">
    pow
  </div>

  <div class="syntax-name-format">
    Syntax:
  </div>
  <pre class="syntax-box">
  #include &lt;math.h&gt;
  double pow( double base, double exp );
</pre>

  <p>The pow() function returns <em>base</em> raised to the
  <em>exp</em>th power. There&#39;s a domain error if <em>base</em> is
  zero and <em>exp</em> is less than or equal to zero. There&#39;s also
  a domain error if <em>base</em> is negative and <em>exp</em> is not
  an integer. There&#39;s a range error if an overflow occurs.</p>

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  <div class="name-format">
    sin
  </div>

  <div class="syntax-name-format">
    Syntax:
  </div>
  <pre class="syntax-box">
  #include &lt;math.h&gt;
  double sin( double arg );
</pre>

  <p>The function sin() returns the sine of <em>arg</em>, where
  <em>arg</em> is given in radians.  The return value of sin() will be
  in the range [-1,1].  If <em>arg</em> is infinite, sin() will return
  NAN and raise a floating-point exception.</p>

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  <div class="name-format">
    sinh
  </div>

  <div class="syntax-name-format">
    Syntax:
  </div>
  <pre class="syntax-box">
  #include &lt;math.h&gt;
  double sinh( double arg );
</pre>

  <p>The function sinh() returns the hyperbolic sine of
  <em>arg</em>.</p>

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  <div class="name-format">
    sqrt
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  <div class="syntax-name-format">
    Syntax:
  </div>
  <pre class="syntax-box">
  #include &lt;math.h&gt;
  double sqrt( double num );
</pre>

  <p>The sqrt() function returns the square root of <em>num</em>. If
  <em>num</em> is negative, a domain error occurs.</p>

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  <div class="name-format">
    tan
  </div>

  <div class="syntax-name-format">
    Syntax:
  </div>
  <pre class="syntax-box">
  #include &lt;math.h&gt;
  double tan( double arg );
</pre>

  <p>The tan() function returns the tangent of <em>arg</em>, where
  <em>arg</em> is given in radians.  If <em>arg</em> is infinite,
  tan() will return NAN and raise a floating-point exception.</p>

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  <div class="name-format">
    tanh
  </div>

  <div class="syntax-name-format">
    Syntax:
  </div>
  <pre class="syntax-box">
  #include &lt;math.h&gt;
  double tanh( double arg );
</pre>

  <p>The function tanh() returns the hyperbolic tangent of
  <em>arg</em>.</p>

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