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<HTML><!--Distributed by F --><HEAD><TITLE>[Chapter 24] 24.15 Trimming a Directory </TITLE><METANAME="DC.title"CONTENT="UNIX Power Tools"><METANAME="DC.creator"CONTENT="Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly & Mike Loukides"><METANAME="DC.publisher"CONTENT="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc."><METANAME="DC.date"CONTENT="1998-08-04T21:41:44Z"><METANAME="DC.type"CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><METANAME="DC.format"CONTENT="text/html"SCHEME="MIME"><METANAME="DC.source"CONTENT="1-56592-260-3"SCHEME="ISBN"><METANAME="DC.language"CONTENT="en-US"><METANAME="generator"CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"><LINKREV="made"HREF="mailto:online-books@oreilly.com"TITLE="Online Books Comments"><LINKREL="up"HREF="ch24_01.htm"TITLE="24. Other Ways to Get Disk Space"><LINKREL="prev"HREF="ch24_14.htm"TITLE="24.14 Don't Use strip Carelessly "><LINKREL="next"HREF="ch24_16.htm"TITLE="24.16 Trimming a Huge Directory "></HEAD><BODYBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><H1><IMGSRC="gifs/smbanner.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"USEMAP="#srchmap"BORDER="0"></H1><MAPNAME="srchmap"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,466,58"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="467,0,514,18"HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm"ALT="Search this book"></MAP><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch24_14.htm"TITLE="24.14 Don't Use strip Carelessly "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 24.14 Don't Use strip Carelessly "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><B><FONTFACE="ARIEL,HELVETICA,HELV,SANSERIF"SIZE="-1">Chapter 24<BR>Other Ways to Get Disk Space</FONT></B></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch24_16.htm"TITLE="24.16 Trimming a Huge Directory "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 24.16 Trimming a Huge Directory "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR></TABLE> <HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H2CLASS="sect1"><ACLASS="title"NAME="UPT-ART-5150">24.15 Trimming a Directory </A></H2><PCLASS="para">In article<ACLASS="xref"HREF="ch04_07.htm"TITLE="Make More Directories! ">4.7</A>,<ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="UPT-ART-5150-IX-DIRECTORIES-TRIMMING"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="UPT-ART-5150-IX-TRIMMING-DIRECTORIES"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="UPT-ART-5150-IX-DISK-SPACE-TRIMMING-DIRECTORIES-AND"></A>we mentioned that it's good to keep directoriesrelatively small. Large directories can make your system seemslower because it takes more time to look up files.How small is "small"? Under 60 files is great.</P><PCLASS="para">However, there's a problem: the size of a directory can <EMCLASS="emphasis">only</EM>increase. That is, creating new files can make a directory bigger;deleting new files doesn't, in itself, make the directory any smaller.I'm not saying that a directory grows every time youcreate a new file. That's not true; if you've deleted a file, thedirectory will have an empty entry in it, and UNIX can re-use theempty entry. But the fact remains: a directory can only get bigger;it can never get smaller, unless you delete it.[Some BSD systems will "squeeze" directories smaller. <EMCLASS="emphasis">-JP</EM> ]</P><PCLASS="para">So let's say you've been sloppy and have a few directories around withhundreds of files, a lot of which is junk you don't need (I've beenthere). You could just delete the junk, which would make your diskhappier, but you haven't reduced the directory's size.What do you do? Here's a trick:</P><OLCLASS="orderedlist"><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">Rename the old directory: </P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>mv project project.toobig</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para"></P></LI><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">Create a new directory with the old directory's name: </P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>mkdir project</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para"></P></LI><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">Move <EMCLASS="emphasis">only</EM> the files you want from the old directory into the newdirectory: </P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>mv project.toobig/*.txt project</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para"></P></LI><LICLASS="listitem"><PCLASS="para">Now the old directory contains only junk. Delete the old obesedirectory and everything in it: </P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>rm -r project.toobig</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P></LI></OL><DIVCLASS="sect1info"><PCLASS="SECT1INFO">- <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">ML</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><P></P><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch24_14.htm"TITLE="24.14 Don't Use strip Carelessly "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 24.14 Don't Use strip Carelessly "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="book"HREF="index.htm"TITLE="UNIX Power Tools"><IMGSRC="gifs/txthome.gif"SRC="gifs/txthome.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch24_16.htm"TITLE="24.16 Trimming a Huge Directory "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 24.16 Trimming a Huge Directory "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">24.14 Don't Use strip Carelessly </TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="index"HREF="index/idx_0.htm"TITLE="Book Index"><IMGSRC="gifs/index.gif"SRC="gifs/index.gif"ALT="Book Index"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">24.16 Trimming a Huge Directory </TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><IMGSRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"SRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"USEMAP="#map"BORDER="0"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf Navigation"><MAPNAME="map"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,73,21"HREF="../index.htm"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="74,0,163,21"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="164,0,257,21"HREF="../unixnut/index.htm"ALT="UNIX in a Nutshell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="258,0,321,21"HREF="../vi/index.htm"ALT="Learning the vi Editor"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="322,0,378,21"HREF="../sedawk/index.htm"ALT="sed & awk"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="379,0,438,21"HREF="../ksh/index.htm"ALT="Learning the Korn Shell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="439,0,514,21"HREF="../lrnunix/index.htm"ALT="Learning the UNIX Operating System"></MAP></DIV></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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