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<HTML><!--Distributed by F --><HEAD><TITLE>[Chapter 8] 8.16 Quoting Handles Special Characters in Filenames </TITLE><METANAME="DC.title"CONTENT="UNIX Power Tools"><METANAME="DC.creator"CONTENT="Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly & Mike Loukides"><METANAME="DC.publisher"CONTENT="O'Reilly & Associates, Inc."><METANAME="DC.date"CONTENT="1998-08-04T21:34:33Z"><METANAME="DC.type"CONTENT="Text.Monograph"><METANAME="DC.format"CONTENT="text/html"SCHEME="MIME"><METANAME="DC.source"CONTENT="1-56592-260-3"SCHEME="ISBN"><METANAME="DC.language"CONTENT="en-US"><METANAME="generator"CONTENT="Jade 1.1/O'Reilly DocBook 3.0 to HTML 4.0"><LINKREV="made"HREF="mailto:online-books@oreilly.com"TITLE="Online Books Comments"><LINKREL="up"HREF="ch08_01.htm"TITLE="8. How the Shell Interprets What You Type"><LINKREL="prev"HREF="ch08_15.htm"TITLE="8.15 Differences Between Bourne and C Shell Quoting "><LINKREL="next"HREF="ch08_17.htm"TITLE="8.17 verbose and echo Variables Show Quoting "></HEAD><BODYBGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"TEXT="#000000"><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><H1><IMGSRC="gifs/smbanner.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"USEMAP="#srchmap"BORDER="0"></H1><MAPNAME="srchmap"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,466,58"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="467,0,514,18"HREF="jobjects/fsearch.htm"ALT="Search this book"></MAP><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch08_15.htm"TITLE="8.15 Differences Between Bourne and C Shell Quoting "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 8.15 Differences Between Bourne and C Shell Quoting "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><B><FONTFACE="ARIEL,HELVETICA,HELV,SANSERIF"SIZE="-1">Chapter 8<BR>How the Shell Interprets What You Type</FONT></B></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch08_17.htm"TITLE="8.17 verbose and echo Variables Show Quoting "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 8.17 verbose and echo Variables Show Quoting "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR></TABLE> <HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"></DIV><DIVCLASS="SECT1"><H2CLASS="sect1"><ACLASS="title"NAME="UPT-ART-7793">8.16 Quoting Handles Special Characters in Filenames </A></H2><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-8754"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-8757"></A>If you want to work with files that have spaces or special characters inthe filenames,you may have to use quotes. For instance, if you wanted to create afile that has a space in the name, you could use the following:</P><PCLASS="para"><TABLECLASS="screen.co"BORDER="1"><TR><THVALIGN="TOP"><PRECLASS="calloutlist"><ACLASS="co"HREF="ch13_14.htm"TITLE="13.14 What Can You Do with an Empty File? ">/dev/null</A> </PRE></TH><TDVALIGN="TOP"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>cp /dev/null 'a file with spaces in the name'</B></CODE></PRE></TD></TR></TABLE></P><PCLASS="para">Normally, the shell uses spaces to determine the end of each argument.<SPANCLASS="link">Quoting (<ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch08_14.htm"TITLE="Bourne Shell Quoting ">8.14</A>, <ACLASS="linkend"HREF="ch08_15.htm"TITLE="Differences Between Bourne and C Shell Quoting ">8.15</A>)</SPAN>changes that - for example, the above example only has two arguments.You can also use a backslash (<CODECLASS="literal">\</CODE>) before a special character.The example belowwill rename a file with a space in the name, changing the space to anunderscore ( <CODECLASS="literal">_</CODE> ):</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>mv a\ file a_file</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para">Using the same techniques, you can deal with any character in afilename:</P><PCLASS="para"><BLOCKQUOTECLASS="screen"><PRECLASS="screen">% <CODECLASS="userinput"><B>mv '$a' a</B></CODE></PRE></BLOCKQUOTE></P><PCLASS="para"><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-8776"></A><ACLASS="indexterm"NAME="AUTOID-8779"></A>At worst, a space in a filename makes the filename difficult to use as anargument.Other characters are dangerous to use in a filename.In particular, using<CODECLASS="literal">?</CODE>and<CODECLASS="literal">*</CODE>in a filename is playing with fire. If you want to delete the file<EMCLASS="emphasis">a?</EM>,you may end up deleting more than the single file.</P><DIVCLASS="sect1info"><PCLASS="SECT1INFO">- <SPANCLASS="authorinitials">BB</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV><DIVCLASS="htmlnav"><P></P><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><TABLEWIDTH="515"BORDER="0"CELLSPACING="0"CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch08_15.htm"TITLE="8.15 Differences Between Bourne and C Shell Quoting "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"SRC="gifs/txtpreva.gif"ALT="Previous: 8.15 Differences Between Bourne and C Shell Quoting "BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="book"HREF="index.htm"TITLE="UNIX Power Tools"><IMGSRC="gifs/txthome.gif"SRC="gifs/txthome.gif"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172"><ACLASS="SECT1"HREF="ch08_17.htm"TITLE="8.17 verbose and echo Variables Show Quoting "><IMGSRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"SRC="gifs/txtnexta.gif"ALT="Next: 8.17 verbose and echo Variables Show Quoting "BORDER="0"></A></TD></TR><TR><TDALIGN="LEFT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">8.15 Differences Between Bourne and C Shell Quoting </TD><TDALIGN="CENTER"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="171"><ACLASS="index"HREF="index/idx_0.htm"TITLE="Book Index"><IMGSRC="gifs/index.gif"SRC="gifs/index.gif"ALT="Book Index"BORDER="0"></A></TD><TDALIGN="RIGHT"VALIGN="TOP"WIDTH="172">8.17 verbose and echo Variables Show Quoting </TD></TR></TABLE><HRALIGN="LEFT"WIDTH="515"TITLE="footer"><IMGSRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"SRC="gifs/smnavbar.gif"USEMAP="#map"BORDER="0"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf Navigation"><MAPNAME="map"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="0,0,73,21"HREF="../index.htm"ALT="The UNIX CD Bookshelf"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="74,0,163,21"HREF="index.htm"ALT="UNIX Power Tools"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="164,0,257,21"HREF="../unixnut/index.htm"ALT="UNIX in a Nutshell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="258,0,321,21"HREF="../vi/index.htm"ALT="Learning the vi Editor"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="322,0,378,21"HREF="../sedawk/index.htm"ALT="sed & awk"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="379,0,438,21"HREF="../ksh/index.htm"ALT="Learning the Korn Shell"><AREASHAPE="RECT"COORDS="439,0,514,21"HREF="../lrnunix/index.htm"ALT="Learning the UNIX Operating System"></MAP></DIV></BODY></HTML>⌨️ 快捷键说明
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